diff --git a/internal/ceres/gmock/gmock.h b/internal/ceres/gmock/gmock.h
index 681f9e2..70e2275 100644
--- a/internal/ceres/gmock/gmock.h
+++ b/internal/ceres/gmock/gmock.h
@@ -240,6 +240,52 @@
 // here, as Google Mock depends on Google Test.  Only add a utility
 // here if it's truly specific to Google Mock.
 #include "gtest/gtest.h"
+// Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+// met:
+//
+//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+// distribution.
+//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+// this software without specific prior written permission.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+//
+// Injection point for custom user configurations.
+// The following macros can be defined:
+//
+//   Flag related macros:
+//     GMOCK_DECLARE_bool_(name)
+//     GMOCK_DECLARE_int32_(name)
+//     GMOCK_DECLARE_string_(name)
+//     GMOCK_DEFINE_bool_(name, default_val, doc)
+//     GMOCK_DEFINE_int32_(name, default_val, doc)
+//     GMOCK_DEFINE_string_(name, default_val, doc)
+//
+// ** Custom implementation starts here **
+
+#ifndef GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GMOCK_PORT_H_
+#define GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GMOCK_PORT_H_
+
+#endif  // GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GMOCK_PORT_H_
 
 // To avoid conditional compilation everywhere, we make it
 // gmock-port.h's responsibility to #include the header implementing
@@ -256,6 +302,8 @@
 // use this syntax to reference Google Mock flags.
 #define GMOCK_FLAG(name) FLAGS_gmock_##name
 
+#if !defined(GMOCK_DECLARE_bool_)
+
 // Macros for declaring flags.
 #define GMOCK_DECLARE_bool_(name) extern GTEST_API_ bool GMOCK_FLAG(name)
 #define GMOCK_DECLARE_int32_(name) \
@@ -271,6 +319,8 @@
 #define GMOCK_DEFINE_string_(name, default_val, doc) \
     GTEST_API_ ::std::string GMOCK_FLAG(name) = (default_val)
 
+#endif  // !defined(GMOCK_DECLARE_bool_)
+
 #endif  // GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_GMOCK_PORT_H_
 
 namespace testing {
@@ -299,70 +349,70 @@
 struct MatcherTuple;
 
 template <>
-struct MatcherTuple< ::std::tr1::tuple<> > {
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple< > type;
+struct MatcherTuple< ::testing::tuple<> > {
+  typedef ::testing::tuple< > type;
 };
 
 template <typename A1>
-struct MatcherTuple< ::std::tr1::tuple<A1> > {
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<Matcher<A1> > type;
+struct MatcherTuple< ::testing::tuple<A1> > {
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<Matcher<A1> > type;
 };
 
 template <typename A1, typename A2>
-struct MatcherTuple< ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2> > {
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<Matcher<A1>, Matcher<A2> > type;
+struct MatcherTuple< ::testing::tuple<A1, A2> > {
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<Matcher<A1>, Matcher<A2> > type;
 };
 
 template <typename A1, typename A2, typename A3>
-struct MatcherTuple< ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3> > {
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<Matcher<A1>, Matcher<A2>, Matcher<A3> > type;
+struct MatcherTuple< ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3> > {
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<Matcher<A1>, Matcher<A2>, Matcher<A3> > type;
 };
 
 template <typename A1, typename A2, typename A3, typename A4>
-struct MatcherTuple< ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4> > {
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<Matcher<A1>, Matcher<A2>, Matcher<A3>,
+struct MatcherTuple< ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4> > {
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<Matcher<A1>, Matcher<A2>, Matcher<A3>,
       Matcher<A4> > type;
 };
 
 template <typename A1, typename A2, typename A3, typename A4, typename A5>
-struct MatcherTuple< ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5> > {
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<Matcher<A1>, Matcher<A2>, Matcher<A3>, Matcher<A4>,
+struct MatcherTuple< ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5> > {
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<Matcher<A1>, Matcher<A2>, Matcher<A3>, Matcher<A4>,
       Matcher<A5> > type;
 };
 
 template <typename A1, typename A2, typename A3, typename A4, typename A5,
     typename A6>
-struct MatcherTuple< ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6> > {
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<Matcher<A1>, Matcher<A2>, Matcher<A3>, Matcher<A4>,
+struct MatcherTuple< ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6> > {
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<Matcher<A1>, Matcher<A2>, Matcher<A3>, Matcher<A4>,
       Matcher<A5>, Matcher<A6> > type;
 };
 
 template <typename A1, typename A2, typename A3, typename A4, typename A5,
     typename A6, typename A7>
-struct MatcherTuple< ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7> > {
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<Matcher<A1>, Matcher<A2>, Matcher<A3>, Matcher<A4>,
+struct MatcherTuple< ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7> > {
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<Matcher<A1>, Matcher<A2>, Matcher<A3>, Matcher<A4>,
       Matcher<A5>, Matcher<A6>, Matcher<A7> > type;
 };
 
 template <typename A1, typename A2, typename A3, typename A4, typename A5,
     typename A6, typename A7, typename A8>
-struct MatcherTuple< ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8> > {
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<Matcher<A1>, Matcher<A2>, Matcher<A3>, Matcher<A4>,
+struct MatcherTuple< ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8> > {
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<Matcher<A1>, Matcher<A2>, Matcher<A3>, Matcher<A4>,
       Matcher<A5>, Matcher<A6>, Matcher<A7>, Matcher<A8> > type;
 };
 
 template <typename A1, typename A2, typename A3, typename A4, typename A5,
     typename A6, typename A7, typename A8, typename A9>
-struct MatcherTuple< ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9> > {
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<Matcher<A1>, Matcher<A2>, Matcher<A3>, Matcher<A4>,
+struct MatcherTuple< ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9> > {
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<Matcher<A1>, Matcher<A2>, Matcher<A3>, Matcher<A4>,
       Matcher<A5>, Matcher<A6>, Matcher<A7>, Matcher<A8>, Matcher<A9> > type;
 };
 
 template <typename A1, typename A2, typename A3, typename A4, typename A5,
     typename A6, typename A7, typename A8, typename A9, typename A10>
-struct MatcherTuple< ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9,
+struct MatcherTuple< ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9,
     A10> > {
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<Matcher<A1>, Matcher<A2>, Matcher<A3>, Matcher<A4>,
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<Matcher<A1>, Matcher<A2>, Matcher<A3>, Matcher<A4>,
       Matcher<A5>, Matcher<A6>, Matcher<A7>, Matcher<A8>, Matcher<A9>,
       Matcher<A10> > type;
 };
@@ -386,7 +436,7 @@
 template <typename R>
 struct Function<R()> {
   typedef R Result;
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<> ArgumentTuple;
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<> ArgumentTuple;
   typedef typename MatcherTuple<ArgumentTuple>::type ArgumentMatcherTuple;
   typedef void MakeResultVoid();
   typedef IgnoredValue MakeResultIgnoredValue();
@@ -396,7 +446,7 @@
 struct Function<R(A1)>
     : Function<R()> {
   typedef A1 Argument1;
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<A1> ArgumentTuple;
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<A1> ArgumentTuple;
   typedef typename MatcherTuple<ArgumentTuple>::type ArgumentMatcherTuple;
   typedef void MakeResultVoid(A1);
   typedef IgnoredValue MakeResultIgnoredValue(A1);
@@ -406,7 +456,7 @@
 struct Function<R(A1, A2)>
     : Function<R(A1)> {
   typedef A2 Argument2;
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2> ArgumentTuple;
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<A1, A2> ArgumentTuple;
   typedef typename MatcherTuple<ArgumentTuple>::type ArgumentMatcherTuple;
   typedef void MakeResultVoid(A1, A2);
   typedef IgnoredValue MakeResultIgnoredValue(A1, A2);
@@ -416,7 +466,7 @@
 struct Function<R(A1, A2, A3)>
     : Function<R(A1, A2)> {
   typedef A3 Argument3;
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3> ArgumentTuple;
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3> ArgumentTuple;
   typedef typename MatcherTuple<ArgumentTuple>::type ArgumentMatcherTuple;
   typedef void MakeResultVoid(A1, A2, A3);
   typedef IgnoredValue MakeResultIgnoredValue(A1, A2, A3);
@@ -426,7 +476,7 @@
 struct Function<R(A1, A2, A3, A4)>
     : Function<R(A1, A2, A3)> {
   typedef A4 Argument4;
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4> ArgumentTuple;
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4> ArgumentTuple;
   typedef typename MatcherTuple<ArgumentTuple>::type ArgumentMatcherTuple;
   typedef void MakeResultVoid(A1, A2, A3, A4);
   typedef IgnoredValue MakeResultIgnoredValue(A1, A2, A3, A4);
@@ -437,7 +487,7 @@
 struct Function<R(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5)>
     : Function<R(A1, A2, A3, A4)> {
   typedef A5 Argument5;
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5> ArgumentTuple;
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5> ArgumentTuple;
   typedef typename MatcherTuple<ArgumentTuple>::type ArgumentMatcherTuple;
   typedef void MakeResultVoid(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5);
   typedef IgnoredValue MakeResultIgnoredValue(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5);
@@ -448,7 +498,7 @@
 struct Function<R(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6)>
     : Function<R(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5)> {
   typedef A6 Argument6;
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6> ArgumentTuple;
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6> ArgumentTuple;
   typedef typename MatcherTuple<ArgumentTuple>::type ArgumentMatcherTuple;
   typedef void MakeResultVoid(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6);
   typedef IgnoredValue MakeResultIgnoredValue(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6);
@@ -459,7 +509,7 @@
 struct Function<R(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7)>
     : Function<R(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6)> {
   typedef A7 Argument7;
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7> ArgumentTuple;
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7> ArgumentTuple;
   typedef typename MatcherTuple<ArgumentTuple>::type ArgumentMatcherTuple;
   typedef void MakeResultVoid(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7);
   typedef IgnoredValue MakeResultIgnoredValue(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7);
@@ -470,7 +520,7 @@
 struct Function<R(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8)>
     : Function<R(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7)> {
   typedef A8 Argument8;
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8> ArgumentTuple;
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8> ArgumentTuple;
   typedef typename MatcherTuple<ArgumentTuple>::type ArgumentMatcherTuple;
   typedef void MakeResultVoid(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8);
   typedef IgnoredValue MakeResultIgnoredValue(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8);
@@ -481,7 +531,7 @@
 struct Function<R(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9)>
     : Function<R(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8)> {
   typedef A9 Argument9;
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9> ArgumentTuple;
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9> ArgumentTuple;
   typedef typename MatcherTuple<ArgumentTuple>::type ArgumentMatcherTuple;
   typedef void MakeResultVoid(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9);
   typedef IgnoredValue MakeResultIgnoredValue(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8,
@@ -494,7 +544,7 @@
 struct Function<R(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9, A10)>
     : Function<R(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9)> {
   typedef A10 Argument10;
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9,
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9,
       A10> ArgumentTuple;
   typedef typename MatcherTuple<ArgumentTuple>::type ArgumentMatcherTuple;
   typedef void MakeResultVoid(A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9, A10);
@@ -909,16 +959,17 @@
     //     ConstReference(const char * (&)[4])')
     // (and though the N parameter type is mismatched in the above explicit
     // conversion of it doesn't help - only the conversion of the array).
-    return type(const_cast<Element*>(&array[0]), N, kReference);
+    return type(const_cast<Element*>(&array[0]), N,
+                RelationToSourceReference());
 #else
-    return type(array, N, kReference);
+    return type(array, N, RelationToSourceReference());
 #endif  // GTEST_OS_SYMBIAN
   }
   static type Copy(const Element (&array)[N]) {
 #if GTEST_OS_SYMBIAN
-    return type(const_cast<Element*>(&array[0]), N, kCopy);
+    return type(const_cast<Element*>(&array[0]), N, RelationToSourceCopy());
 #else
-    return type(array, N, kCopy);
+    return type(array, N, RelationToSourceCopy());
 #endif  // GTEST_OS_SYMBIAN
   }
 };
@@ -926,7 +977,7 @@
 // This specialization is used when RawContainer is a native array
 // represented as a (pointer, size) tuple.
 template <typename ElementPointer, typename Size>
-class StlContainerView< ::std::tr1::tuple<ElementPointer, Size> > {
+class StlContainerView< ::testing::tuple<ElementPointer, Size> > {
  public:
   typedef GTEST_REMOVE_CONST_(
       typename internal::PointeeOf<ElementPointer>::type) RawElement;
@@ -934,13 +985,11 @@
   typedef const type const_reference;
 
   static const_reference ConstReference(
-      const ::std::tr1::tuple<ElementPointer, Size>& array) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
-    return type(get<0>(array), get<1>(array), kReference);
+      const ::testing::tuple<ElementPointer, Size>& array) {
+    return type(get<0>(array), get<1>(array), RelationToSourceReference());
   }
-  static type Copy(const ::std::tr1::tuple<ElementPointer, Size>& array) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
-    return type(get<0>(array), get<1>(array), kCopy);
+  static type Copy(const ::testing::tuple<ElementPointer, Size>& array) {
+    return type(get<0>(array), get<1>(array), RelationToSourceCopy());
   }
 };
 
@@ -972,6 +1021,11 @@
 
 #endif  // GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_GMOCK_INTERNAL_UTILS_H_
 
+
+#if GTEST_LANG_CXX11  // Defined by gtest-port.h via gmock-port.h.
+#include <type_traits>
+#endif
+
 namespace testing {
 
 // To implement an action Foo, define:
@@ -988,16 +1042,17 @@
 template <typename F1, typename F2>
 class ActionAdaptor;
 
-// BuiltInDefaultValue<T>::Get() returns the "built-in" default
-// value for type T, which is NULL when T is a pointer type, 0 when T
-// is a numeric type, false when T is bool, or "" when T is string or
-// std::string.  For any other type T, this value is undefined and the
-// function will abort the process.
+// BuiltInDefaultValueGetter<T, true>::Get() returns a
+// default-constructed T value.  BuiltInDefaultValueGetter<T,
+// false>::Get() crashes with an error.
+//
+// This primary template is used when kDefaultConstructible is true.
+template <typename T, bool kDefaultConstructible>
+struct BuiltInDefaultValueGetter {
+  static T Get() { return T(); }
+};
 template <typename T>
-class BuiltInDefaultValue {
- public:
-  // This function returns true iff type T has a built-in default value.
-  static bool Exists() { return false; }
+struct BuiltInDefaultValueGetter<T, false> {
   static T Get() {
     Assert(false, __FILE__, __LINE__,
            "Default action undefined for the function return type.");
@@ -1007,6 +1062,40 @@
   }
 };
 
+// BuiltInDefaultValue<T>::Get() returns the "built-in" default value
+// for type T, which is NULL when T is a raw pointer type, 0 when T is
+// a numeric type, false when T is bool, or "" when T is string or
+// std::string.  In addition, in C++11 and above, it turns a
+// default-constructed T value if T is default constructible.  For any
+// other type T, the built-in default T value is undefined, and the
+// function will abort the process.
+template <typename T>
+class BuiltInDefaultValue {
+ public:
+#if GTEST_LANG_CXX11
+  // This function returns true iff type T has a built-in default value.
+  static bool Exists() {
+    return ::std::is_default_constructible<T>::value;
+  }
+
+  static T Get() {
+    return BuiltInDefaultValueGetter<
+        T, ::std::is_default_constructible<T>::value>::Get();
+  }
+
+#else  // GTEST_LANG_CXX11
+  // This function returns true iff type T has a built-in default value.
+  static bool Exists() {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  static T Get() {
+    return BuiltInDefaultValueGetter<T, false>::Get();
+  }
+
+#endif  // GTEST_LANG_CXX11
+};
+
 // This partial specialization says that we use the same built-in
 // default value for T and const T.
 template <typename T>
@@ -1385,6 +1474,14 @@
   GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_(ActionAdaptor);
 };
 
+// Helper struct to specialize ReturnAction to execute a move instead of a copy
+// on return. Useful for move-only types, but could be used on any type.
+template <typename T>
+struct ByMoveWrapper {
+  explicit ByMoveWrapper(T value) : payload(internal::move(value)) {}
+  T payload;
+};
+
 // Implements the polymorphic Return(x) action, which can be used in
 // any function that returns the type of x, regardless of the argument
 // types.
@@ -1415,7 +1512,7 @@
   // Constructs a ReturnAction object from the value to be returned.
   // 'value' is passed by value instead of by const reference in order
   // to allow Return("string literal") to compile.
-  explicit ReturnAction(R value) : value_(value) {}
+  explicit ReturnAction(R value) : value_(new R(internal::move(value))) {}
 
   // This template type conversion operator allows Return(x) to be
   // used in ANY function that returns x's type.
@@ -1431,14 +1528,14 @@
     // in the Impl class. But both definitions must be the same.
     typedef typename Function<F>::Result Result;
     GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_(
-        !internal::is_reference<Result>::value,
+        !is_reference<Result>::value,
         use_ReturnRef_instead_of_Return_to_return_a_reference);
-    return Action<F>(new Impl<F>(value_));
+    return Action<F>(new Impl<R, F>(value_));
   }
 
  private:
   // Implements the Return(x) action for a particular function type F.
-  template <typename F>
+  template <typename R_, typename F>
   class Impl : public ActionInterface<F> {
    public:
     typedef typename Function<F>::Result Result;
@@ -1451,20 +1548,49 @@
     // Result to call.  ImplicitCast_ forces the compiler to convert R to
     // Result without considering explicit constructors, thus resolving the
     // ambiguity. value_ is then initialized using its copy constructor.
-    explicit Impl(R value)
-        : value_(::testing::internal::ImplicitCast_<Result>(value)) {}
+    explicit Impl(const linked_ptr<R>& value)
+        : value_before_cast_(*value),
+          value_(ImplicitCast_<Result>(value_before_cast_)) {}
 
     virtual Result Perform(const ArgumentTuple&) { return value_; }
 
    private:
-    GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_(!internal::is_reference<Result>::value,
+    GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_(!is_reference<Result>::value,
                           Result_cannot_be_a_reference_type);
+    // We save the value before casting just in case it is being cast to a
+    // wrapper type.
+    R value_before_cast_;
     Result value_;
 
+    GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(Impl);
+  };
+
+  // Partially specialize for ByMoveWrapper. This version of ReturnAction will
+  // move its contents instead.
+  template <typename R_, typename F>
+  class Impl<ByMoveWrapper<R_>, F> : public ActionInterface<F> {
+   public:
+    typedef typename Function<F>::Result Result;
+    typedef typename Function<F>::ArgumentTuple ArgumentTuple;
+
+    explicit Impl(const linked_ptr<R>& wrapper)
+        : performed_(false), wrapper_(wrapper) {}
+
+    virtual Result Perform(const ArgumentTuple&) {
+      GTEST_CHECK_(!performed_)
+          << "A ByMove() action should only be performed once.";
+      performed_ = true;
+      return internal::move(wrapper_->payload);
+    }
+
+   private:
+    bool performed_;
+    const linked_ptr<R> wrapper_;
+
     GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_(Impl);
   };
 
-  R value_;
+  const linked_ptr<R> value_;
 
   GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_(ReturnAction);
 };
@@ -1472,12 +1598,18 @@
 // Implements the ReturnNull() action.
 class ReturnNullAction {
  public:
-  // Allows ReturnNull() to be used in any pointer-returning function.
+  // Allows ReturnNull() to be used in any pointer-returning function. In C++11
+  // this is enforced by returning nullptr, and in non-C++11 by asserting a
+  // pointer type on compile time.
   template <typename Result, typename ArgumentTuple>
   static Result Perform(const ArgumentTuple&) {
+#if GTEST_LANG_CXX11
+    return nullptr;
+#else
     GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_(internal::is_pointer<Result>::value,
                           ReturnNull_can_be_used_to_return_a_pointer_only);
     return NULL;
+#endif  // GTEST_LANG_CXX11
   }
 };
 
@@ -1654,7 +1786,7 @@
   template <typename Result, typename ArgumentTuple>
   void Perform(const ArgumentTuple& args) const {
     CompileAssertTypesEqual<void, Result>();
-    *::std::tr1::get<N>(args) = value_;
+    *::testing::get<N>(args) = value_;
   }
 
  private:
@@ -1677,7 +1809,7 @@
   template <typename Result, typename ArgumentTuple>
   void Perform(const ArgumentTuple& args) const {
     CompileAssertTypesEqual<void, Result>();
-    ::std::tr1::get<N>(args)->CopyFrom(*proto_);
+    ::testing::get<N>(args)->CopyFrom(*proto_);
   }
 
  private:
@@ -1903,7 +2035,7 @@
 // will trigger a compiler error about using array as initializer.
 template <typename R>
 internal::ReturnAction<R> Return(R value) {
-  return internal::ReturnAction<R>(value);
+  return internal::ReturnAction<R>(internal::move(value));
 }
 
 // Creates an action that returns NULL.
@@ -1930,6 +2062,15 @@
   return internal::ReturnRefOfCopyAction<R>(x);
 }
 
+// Modifies the parent action (a Return() action) to perform a move of the
+// argument instead of a copy.
+// Return(ByMove()) actions can only be executed once and will assert this
+// invariant.
+template <typename R>
+internal::ByMoveWrapper<R> ByMove(R x) {
+  return internal::ByMoveWrapper<R>(internal::move(x));
+}
+
 // Creates an action that does the default action for the give mock function.
 inline internal::DoDefaultAction DoDefault() {
   return internal::DoDefaultAction();
@@ -2234,356 +2375,240 @@
 class InvokeHelper;
 
 template <typename R>
-class InvokeHelper<R, ::std::tr1::tuple<> > {
+class InvokeHelper<R, ::testing::tuple<> > {
  public:
   template <typename Function>
-  static R Invoke(Function function, const ::std::tr1::tuple<>&) {
-    return function();
+  static R Invoke(Function function, const ::testing::tuple<>&) {
+           return function();
   }
 
   template <class Class, typename MethodPtr>
   static R InvokeMethod(Class* obj_ptr,
                         MethodPtr method_ptr,
-                        const ::std::tr1::tuple<>&) {
-    return (obj_ptr->*method_ptr)();
+                        const ::testing::tuple<>&) {
+           return (obj_ptr->*method_ptr)();
   }
 };
 
 template <typename R, typename A1>
-class InvokeHelper<R, ::std::tr1::tuple<A1> > {
+class InvokeHelper<R, ::testing::tuple<A1> > {
  public:
   template <typename Function>
-  static R Invoke(Function function, const ::std::tr1::tuple<A1>& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
-    return function(get<0>(args));
+  static R Invoke(Function function, const ::testing::tuple<A1>& args) {
+           return function(get<0>(args));
   }
 
   template <class Class, typename MethodPtr>
   static R InvokeMethod(Class* obj_ptr,
                         MethodPtr method_ptr,
-                        const ::std::tr1::tuple<A1>& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
-    return (obj_ptr->*method_ptr)(get<0>(args));
+                        const ::testing::tuple<A1>& args) {
+           return (obj_ptr->*method_ptr)(get<0>(args));
   }
 };
 
 template <typename R, typename A1, typename A2>
-class InvokeHelper<R, ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2> > {
+class InvokeHelper<R, ::testing::tuple<A1, A2> > {
  public:
   template <typename Function>
-  static R Invoke(Function function, const ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2>& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
-    return function(get<0>(args), get<1>(args));
+  static R Invoke(Function function, const ::testing::tuple<A1, A2>& args) {
+           return function(get<0>(args), get<1>(args));
   }
 
   template <class Class, typename MethodPtr>
   static R InvokeMethod(Class* obj_ptr,
                         MethodPtr method_ptr,
-                        const ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2>& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
-    return (obj_ptr->*method_ptr)(get<0>(args), get<1>(args));
+                        const ::testing::tuple<A1, A2>& args) {
+           return (obj_ptr->*method_ptr)(get<0>(args), get<1>(args));
   }
 };
 
 template <typename R, typename A1, typename A2, typename A3>
-class InvokeHelper<R, ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3> > {
+class InvokeHelper<R, ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3> > {
  public:
   template <typename Function>
-  static R Invoke(Function function, const ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2,
-      A3>& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
-    return function(get<0>(args), get<1>(args), get<2>(args));
+  static R Invoke(Function function, const ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3>& args) {
+           return function(get<0>(args), get<1>(args), get<2>(args));
   }
 
   template <class Class, typename MethodPtr>
   static R InvokeMethod(Class* obj_ptr,
                         MethodPtr method_ptr,
-                        const ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3>& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
-    return (obj_ptr->*method_ptr)(get<0>(args), get<1>(args), get<2>(args));
+                        const ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3>& args) {
+           return (obj_ptr->*method_ptr)(get<0>(args), get<1>(args),
+               get<2>(args));
   }
 };
 
 template <typename R, typename A1, typename A2, typename A3, typename A4>
-class InvokeHelper<R, ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4> > {
+class InvokeHelper<R, ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4> > {
  public:
   template <typename Function>
-  static R Invoke(Function function, const ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3,
+  static R Invoke(Function function, const ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3,
       A4>& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
-    return function(get<0>(args), get<1>(args), get<2>(args), get<3>(args));
+           return function(get<0>(args), get<1>(args), get<2>(args),
+               get<3>(args));
   }
 
   template <class Class, typename MethodPtr>
   static R InvokeMethod(Class* obj_ptr,
                         MethodPtr method_ptr,
-                        const ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4>& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
-    return (obj_ptr->*method_ptr)(get<0>(args), get<1>(args), get<2>(args),
-        get<3>(args));
+                        const ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4>& args) {
+           return (obj_ptr->*method_ptr)(get<0>(args), get<1>(args),
+               get<2>(args), get<3>(args));
   }
 };
 
 template <typename R, typename A1, typename A2, typename A3, typename A4,
     typename A5>
-class InvokeHelper<R, ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5> > {
+class InvokeHelper<R, ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5> > {
  public:
   template <typename Function>
-  static R Invoke(Function function, const ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4,
+  static R Invoke(Function function, const ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4,
       A5>& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
-    return function(get<0>(args), get<1>(args), get<2>(args), get<3>(args),
-        get<4>(args));
+           return function(get<0>(args), get<1>(args), get<2>(args),
+               get<3>(args), get<4>(args));
   }
 
   template <class Class, typename MethodPtr>
   static R InvokeMethod(Class* obj_ptr,
                         MethodPtr method_ptr,
-                        const ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5>& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
-    return (obj_ptr->*method_ptr)(get<0>(args), get<1>(args), get<2>(args),
-        get<3>(args), get<4>(args));
+                        const ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5>& args) {
+           return (obj_ptr->*method_ptr)(get<0>(args), get<1>(args),
+               get<2>(args), get<3>(args), get<4>(args));
   }
 };
 
 template <typename R, typename A1, typename A2, typename A3, typename A4,
     typename A5, typename A6>
-class InvokeHelper<R, ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6> > {
+class InvokeHelper<R, ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6> > {
  public:
   template <typename Function>
-  static R Invoke(Function function, const ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4,
-      A5, A6>& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
-    return function(get<0>(args), get<1>(args), get<2>(args), get<3>(args),
-        get<4>(args), get<5>(args));
+  static R Invoke(Function function, const ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5,
+      A6>& args) {
+           return function(get<0>(args), get<1>(args), get<2>(args),
+               get<3>(args), get<4>(args), get<5>(args));
   }
 
   template <class Class, typename MethodPtr>
   static R InvokeMethod(Class* obj_ptr,
                         MethodPtr method_ptr,
-                        const ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6>& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
-    return (obj_ptr->*method_ptr)(get<0>(args), get<1>(args), get<2>(args),
-        get<3>(args), get<4>(args), get<5>(args));
+                        const ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6>& args) {
+           return (obj_ptr->*method_ptr)(get<0>(args), get<1>(args),
+               get<2>(args), get<3>(args), get<4>(args), get<5>(args));
   }
 };
 
 template <typename R, typename A1, typename A2, typename A3, typename A4,
     typename A5, typename A6, typename A7>
-class InvokeHelper<R, ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7> > {
+class InvokeHelper<R, ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7> > {
  public:
   template <typename Function>
-  static R Invoke(Function function, const ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4,
-      A5, A6, A7>& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
-    return function(get<0>(args), get<1>(args), get<2>(args), get<3>(args),
-        get<4>(args), get<5>(args), get<6>(args));
+  static R Invoke(Function function, const ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5,
+      A6, A7>& args) {
+           return function(get<0>(args), get<1>(args), get<2>(args),
+               get<3>(args), get<4>(args), get<5>(args), get<6>(args));
   }
 
   template <class Class, typename MethodPtr>
   static R InvokeMethod(Class* obj_ptr,
                         MethodPtr method_ptr,
-                        const ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6,
+                        const ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6,
                             A7>& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
-    return (obj_ptr->*method_ptr)(get<0>(args), get<1>(args), get<2>(args),
-        get<3>(args), get<4>(args), get<5>(args), get<6>(args));
+           return (obj_ptr->*method_ptr)(get<0>(args), get<1>(args),
+               get<2>(args), get<3>(args), get<4>(args), get<5>(args),
+               get<6>(args));
   }
 };
 
 template <typename R, typename A1, typename A2, typename A3, typename A4,
     typename A5, typename A6, typename A7, typename A8>
-class InvokeHelper<R, ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8> > {
+class InvokeHelper<R, ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8> > {
  public:
   template <typename Function>
-  static R Invoke(Function function, const ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4,
-      A5, A6, A7, A8>& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
-    return function(get<0>(args), get<1>(args), get<2>(args), get<3>(args),
-        get<4>(args), get<5>(args), get<6>(args), get<7>(args));
+  static R Invoke(Function function, const ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5,
+      A6, A7, A8>& args) {
+           return function(get<0>(args), get<1>(args), get<2>(args),
+               get<3>(args), get<4>(args), get<5>(args), get<6>(args),
+               get<7>(args));
   }
 
   template <class Class, typename MethodPtr>
   static R InvokeMethod(Class* obj_ptr,
                         MethodPtr method_ptr,
-                        const ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7,
+                        const ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7,
                             A8>& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
-    return (obj_ptr->*method_ptr)(get<0>(args), get<1>(args), get<2>(args),
-        get<3>(args), get<4>(args), get<5>(args), get<6>(args), get<7>(args));
+           return (obj_ptr->*method_ptr)(get<0>(args), get<1>(args),
+               get<2>(args), get<3>(args), get<4>(args), get<5>(args),
+               get<6>(args), get<7>(args));
   }
 };
 
 template <typename R, typename A1, typename A2, typename A3, typename A4,
     typename A5, typename A6, typename A7, typename A8, typename A9>
-class InvokeHelper<R, ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9> > {
+class InvokeHelper<R, ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9> > {
  public:
   template <typename Function>
-  static R Invoke(Function function, const ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4,
-      A5, A6, A7, A8, A9>& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
-    return function(get<0>(args), get<1>(args), get<2>(args), get<3>(args),
-        get<4>(args), get<5>(args), get<6>(args), get<7>(args), get<8>(args));
+  static R Invoke(Function function, const ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5,
+      A6, A7, A8, A9>& args) {
+           return function(get<0>(args), get<1>(args), get<2>(args),
+               get<3>(args), get<4>(args), get<5>(args), get<6>(args),
+               get<7>(args), get<8>(args));
   }
 
   template <class Class, typename MethodPtr>
   static R InvokeMethod(Class* obj_ptr,
                         MethodPtr method_ptr,
-                        const ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8,
+                        const ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8,
                             A9>& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
-    return (obj_ptr->*method_ptr)(get<0>(args), get<1>(args), get<2>(args),
-        get<3>(args), get<4>(args), get<5>(args), get<6>(args), get<7>(args),
-        get<8>(args));
+           return (obj_ptr->*method_ptr)(get<0>(args), get<1>(args),
+               get<2>(args), get<3>(args), get<4>(args), get<5>(args),
+               get<6>(args), get<7>(args), get<8>(args));
   }
 };
 
 template <typename R, typename A1, typename A2, typename A3, typename A4,
     typename A5, typename A6, typename A7, typename A8, typename A9,
     typename A10>
-class InvokeHelper<R, ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9,
+class InvokeHelper<R, ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9,
     A10> > {
  public:
   template <typename Function>
-  static R Invoke(Function function, const ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4,
-      A5, A6, A7, A8, A9, A10>& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
-    return function(get<0>(args), get<1>(args), get<2>(args), get<3>(args),
-        get<4>(args), get<5>(args), get<6>(args), get<7>(args), get<8>(args),
-        get<9>(args));
+  static R Invoke(Function function, const ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5,
+      A6, A7, A8, A9, A10>& args) {
+           return function(get<0>(args), get<1>(args), get<2>(args),
+               get<3>(args), get<4>(args), get<5>(args), get<6>(args),
+               get<7>(args), get<8>(args), get<9>(args));
   }
 
   template <class Class, typename MethodPtr>
   static R InvokeMethod(Class* obj_ptr,
                         MethodPtr method_ptr,
-                        const ::std::tr1::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8,
+                        const ::testing::tuple<A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8,
                             A9, A10>& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
-    return (obj_ptr->*method_ptr)(get<0>(args), get<1>(args), get<2>(args),
-        get<3>(args), get<4>(args), get<5>(args), get<6>(args), get<7>(args),
-        get<8>(args), get<9>(args));
+           return (obj_ptr->*method_ptr)(get<0>(args), get<1>(args),
+               get<2>(args), get<3>(args), get<4>(args), get<5>(args),
+               get<6>(args), get<7>(args), get<8>(args), get<9>(args));
   }
 };
 
-// CallableHelper has static methods for invoking "callables",
-// i.e. function pointers and functors.  It uses overloading to
-// provide a uniform interface for invoking different kinds of
-// callables.  In particular, you can use:
-//
-//   CallableHelper<R>::Call(callable, a1, a2, ..., an)
-//
-// to invoke an n-ary callable, where R is its return type.  If an
-// argument, say a2, needs to be passed by reference, you should write
-// ByRef(a2) instead of a2 in the above expression.
-template <typename R>
-class CallableHelper {
- public:
-  // Calls a nullary callable.
-  template <typename Function>
-  static R Call(Function function) { return function(); }
-
-  // Calls a unary callable.
-
-  // We deliberately pass a1 by value instead of const reference here
-  // in case it is a C-string literal.  If we had declared the
-  // parameter as 'const A1& a1' and write Call(function, "Hi"), the
-  // compiler would've thought A1 is 'char[3]', which causes trouble
-  // when you need to copy a value of type A1.  By declaring the
-  // parameter as 'A1 a1', the compiler will correctly infer that A1
-  // is 'const char*' when it sees Call(function, "Hi").
-  //
-  // Since this function is defined inline, the compiler can get rid
-  // of the copying of the arguments.  Therefore the performance won't
-  // be hurt.
-  template <typename Function, typename A1>
-  static R Call(Function function, A1 a1) { return function(a1); }
-
-  // Calls a binary callable.
-  template <typename Function, typename A1, typename A2>
-  static R Call(Function function, A1 a1, A2 a2) {
-    return function(a1, a2);
-  }
-
-  // Calls a ternary callable.
-  template <typename Function, typename A1, typename A2, typename A3>
-  static R Call(Function function, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3) {
-    return function(a1, a2, a3);
-  }
-
-  // Calls a 4-ary callable.
-  template <typename Function, typename A1, typename A2, typename A3,
-      typename A4>
-  static R Call(Function function, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3, A4 a4) {
-    return function(a1, a2, a3, a4);
-  }
-
-  // Calls a 5-ary callable.
-  template <typename Function, typename A1, typename A2, typename A3,
-      typename A4, typename A5>
-  static R Call(Function function, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3, A4 a4, A5 a5) {
-    return function(a1, a2, a3, a4, a5);
-  }
-
-  // Calls a 6-ary callable.
-  template <typename Function, typename A1, typename A2, typename A3,
-      typename A4, typename A5, typename A6>
-  static R Call(Function function, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3, A4 a4, A5 a5, A6 a6) {
-    return function(a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6);
-  }
-
-  // Calls a 7-ary callable.
-  template <typename Function, typename A1, typename A2, typename A3,
-      typename A4, typename A5, typename A6, typename A7>
-  static R Call(Function function, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3, A4 a4, A5 a5, A6 a6,
-      A7 a7) {
-    return function(a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7);
-  }
-
-  // Calls a 8-ary callable.
-  template <typename Function, typename A1, typename A2, typename A3,
-      typename A4, typename A5, typename A6, typename A7, typename A8>
-  static R Call(Function function, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3, A4 a4, A5 a5, A6 a6,
-      A7 a7, A8 a8) {
-    return function(a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8);
-  }
-
-  // Calls a 9-ary callable.
-  template <typename Function, typename A1, typename A2, typename A3,
-      typename A4, typename A5, typename A6, typename A7, typename A8,
-      typename A9>
-  static R Call(Function function, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3, A4 a4, A5 a5, A6 a6,
-      A7 a7, A8 a8, A9 a9) {
-    return function(a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8, a9);
-  }
-
-  // Calls a 10-ary callable.
-  template <typename Function, typename A1, typename A2, typename A3,
-      typename A4, typename A5, typename A6, typename A7, typename A8,
-      typename A9, typename A10>
-  static R Call(Function function, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3, A4 a4, A5 a5, A6 a6,
-      A7 a7, A8 a8, A9 a9, A10 a10) {
-    return function(a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8, a9, a10);
-  }
-};  // class CallableHelper
-
 // An INTERNAL macro for extracting the type of a tuple field.  It's
 // subject to change without notice - DO NOT USE IN USER CODE!
 #define GMOCK_FIELD_(Tuple, N) \
-    typename ::std::tr1::tuple_element<N, Tuple>::type
+    typename ::testing::tuple_element<N, Tuple>::type
 
 // SelectArgs<Result, ArgumentTuple, k1, k2, ..., k_n>::type is the
 // type of an n-ary function whose i-th (1-based) argument type is the
 // k{i}-th (0-based) field of ArgumentTuple, which must be a tuple
 // type, and whose return type is Result.  For example,
-//   SelectArgs<int, ::std::tr1::tuple<bool, char, double, long>, 0, 3>::type
+//   SelectArgs<int, ::testing::tuple<bool, char, double, long>, 0, 3>::type
 // is int(bool, long).
 //
 // SelectArgs<Result, ArgumentTuple, k1, k2, ..., k_n>::Select(args)
 // returns the selected fields (k1, k2, ..., k_n) of args as a tuple.
 // For example,
-//   SelectArgs<int, ::std::tr1::tuple<bool, char, double>, 2, 0>::Select(
-//       ::std::tr1::make_tuple(true, 'a', 2.5))
-// returns ::std::tr1::tuple (2.5, true).
+//   SelectArgs<int, tuple<bool, char, double>, 2, 0>::Select(
+//       ::testing::make_tuple(true, 'a', 2.5))
+// returns tuple (2.5, true).
 //
 // The numbers in list k1, k2, ..., k_n must be >= 0, where n can be
 // in the range [0, 10].  Duplicates are allowed and they don't have
@@ -2601,7 +2626,6 @@
       GMOCK_FIELD_(ArgumentTuple, k10));
   typedef typename Function<type>::ArgumentTuple SelectedArgs;
   static SelectedArgs Select(const ArgumentTuple& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
     return SelectedArgs(get<k1>(args), get<k2>(args), get<k3>(args),
         get<k4>(args), get<k5>(args), get<k6>(args), get<k7>(args),
         get<k8>(args), get<k9>(args), get<k10>(args));
@@ -2615,7 +2639,6 @@
   typedef Result type();
   typedef typename Function<type>::ArgumentTuple SelectedArgs;
   static SelectedArgs Select(const ArgumentTuple& /* args */) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
     return SelectedArgs();
   }
 };
@@ -2627,7 +2650,6 @@
   typedef Result type(GMOCK_FIELD_(ArgumentTuple, k1));
   typedef typename Function<type>::ArgumentTuple SelectedArgs;
   static SelectedArgs Select(const ArgumentTuple& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
     return SelectedArgs(get<k1>(args));
   }
 };
@@ -2640,7 +2662,6 @@
       GMOCK_FIELD_(ArgumentTuple, k2));
   typedef typename Function<type>::ArgumentTuple SelectedArgs;
   static SelectedArgs Select(const ArgumentTuple& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
     return SelectedArgs(get<k1>(args), get<k2>(args));
   }
 };
@@ -2653,7 +2674,6 @@
       GMOCK_FIELD_(ArgumentTuple, k2), GMOCK_FIELD_(ArgumentTuple, k3));
   typedef typename Function<type>::ArgumentTuple SelectedArgs;
   static SelectedArgs Select(const ArgumentTuple& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
     return SelectedArgs(get<k1>(args), get<k2>(args), get<k3>(args));
   }
 };
@@ -2668,7 +2688,6 @@
       GMOCK_FIELD_(ArgumentTuple, k4));
   typedef typename Function<type>::ArgumentTuple SelectedArgs;
   static SelectedArgs Select(const ArgumentTuple& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
     return SelectedArgs(get<k1>(args), get<k2>(args), get<k3>(args),
         get<k4>(args));
   }
@@ -2684,7 +2703,6 @@
       GMOCK_FIELD_(ArgumentTuple, k4), GMOCK_FIELD_(ArgumentTuple, k5));
   typedef typename Function<type>::ArgumentTuple SelectedArgs;
   static SelectedArgs Select(const ArgumentTuple& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
     return SelectedArgs(get<k1>(args), get<k2>(args), get<k3>(args),
         get<k4>(args), get<k5>(args));
   }
@@ -2701,7 +2719,6 @@
       GMOCK_FIELD_(ArgumentTuple, k6));
   typedef typename Function<type>::ArgumentTuple SelectedArgs;
   static SelectedArgs Select(const ArgumentTuple& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
     return SelectedArgs(get<k1>(args), get<k2>(args), get<k3>(args),
         get<k4>(args), get<k5>(args), get<k6>(args));
   }
@@ -2718,7 +2735,6 @@
       GMOCK_FIELD_(ArgumentTuple, k6), GMOCK_FIELD_(ArgumentTuple, k7));
   typedef typename Function<type>::ArgumentTuple SelectedArgs;
   static SelectedArgs Select(const ArgumentTuple& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
     return SelectedArgs(get<k1>(args), get<k2>(args), get<k3>(args),
         get<k4>(args), get<k5>(args), get<k6>(args), get<k7>(args));
   }
@@ -2736,7 +2752,6 @@
       GMOCK_FIELD_(ArgumentTuple, k8));
   typedef typename Function<type>::ArgumentTuple SelectedArgs;
   static SelectedArgs Select(const ArgumentTuple& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
     return SelectedArgs(get<k1>(args), get<k2>(args), get<k3>(args),
         get<k4>(args), get<k5>(args), get<k6>(args), get<k7>(args),
         get<k8>(args));
@@ -2755,7 +2770,6 @@
       GMOCK_FIELD_(ArgumentTuple, k8), GMOCK_FIELD_(ArgumentTuple, k9));
   typedef typename Function<type>::ArgumentTuple SelectedArgs;
   static SelectedArgs Select(const ArgumentTuple& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
     return SelectedArgs(get<k1>(args), get<k2>(args), get<k3>(args),
         get<k4>(args), get<k5>(args), get<k6>(args), get<k7>(args),
         get<k8>(args), get<k9>(args));
@@ -2821,8 +2835,7 @@
 template <typename Result, class Impl>
 class ActionHelper {
  public:
-  static Result Perform(Impl* impl, const ::std::tr1::tuple<>& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
+  static Result Perform(Impl* impl, const ::testing::tuple<>& args) {
     return impl->template gmock_PerformImpl<>(args, ExcessiveArg(),
         ExcessiveArg(), ExcessiveArg(), ExcessiveArg(), ExcessiveArg(),
         ExcessiveArg(), ExcessiveArg(), ExcessiveArg(), ExcessiveArg(),
@@ -2830,8 +2843,7 @@
   }
 
   template <typename A0>
-  static Result Perform(Impl* impl, const ::std::tr1::tuple<A0>& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
+  static Result Perform(Impl* impl, const ::testing::tuple<A0>& args) {
     return impl->template gmock_PerformImpl<A0>(args, get<0>(args),
         ExcessiveArg(), ExcessiveArg(), ExcessiveArg(), ExcessiveArg(),
         ExcessiveArg(), ExcessiveArg(), ExcessiveArg(), ExcessiveArg(),
@@ -2839,8 +2851,7 @@
   }
 
   template <typename A0, typename A1>
-  static Result Perform(Impl* impl, const ::std::tr1::tuple<A0, A1>& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
+  static Result Perform(Impl* impl, const ::testing::tuple<A0, A1>& args) {
     return impl->template gmock_PerformImpl<A0, A1>(args, get<0>(args),
         get<1>(args), ExcessiveArg(), ExcessiveArg(), ExcessiveArg(),
         ExcessiveArg(), ExcessiveArg(), ExcessiveArg(), ExcessiveArg(),
@@ -2848,8 +2859,7 @@
   }
 
   template <typename A0, typename A1, typename A2>
-  static Result Perform(Impl* impl, const ::std::tr1::tuple<A0, A1, A2>& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
+  static Result Perform(Impl* impl, const ::testing::tuple<A0, A1, A2>& args) {
     return impl->template gmock_PerformImpl<A0, A1, A2>(args, get<0>(args),
         get<1>(args), get<2>(args), ExcessiveArg(), ExcessiveArg(),
         ExcessiveArg(), ExcessiveArg(), ExcessiveArg(), ExcessiveArg(),
@@ -2857,9 +2867,8 @@
   }
 
   template <typename A0, typename A1, typename A2, typename A3>
-  static Result Perform(Impl* impl, const ::std::tr1::tuple<A0, A1, A2,
+  static Result Perform(Impl* impl, const ::testing::tuple<A0, A1, A2,
       A3>& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
     return impl->template gmock_PerformImpl<A0, A1, A2, A3>(args, get<0>(args),
         get<1>(args), get<2>(args), get<3>(args), ExcessiveArg(),
         ExcessiveArg(), ExcessiveArg(), ExcessiveArg(), ExcessiveArg(),
@@ -2867,9 +2876,8 @@
   }
 
   template <typename A0, typename A1, typename A2, typename A3, typename A4>
-  static Result Perform(Impl* impl, const ::std::tr1::tuple<A0, A1, A2, A3,
+  static Result Perform(Impl* impl, const ::testing::tuple<A0, A1, A2, A3,
       A4>& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
     return impl->template gmock_PerformImpl<A0, A1, A2, A3, A4>(args,
         get<0>(args), get<1>(args), get<2>(args), get<3>(args), get<4>(args),
         ExcessiveArg(), ExcessiveArg(), ExcessiveArg(), ExcessiveArg(),
@@ -2878,9 +2886,8 @@
 
   template <typename A0, typename A1, typename A2, typename A3, typename A4,
       typename A5>
-  static Result Perform(Impl* impl, const ::std::tr1::tuple<A0, A1, A2, A3, A4,
+  static Result Perform(Impl* impl, const ::testing::tuple<A0, A1, A2, A3, A4,
       A5>& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
     return impl->template gmock_PerformImpl<A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5>(args,
         get<0>(args), get<1>(args), get<2>(args), get<3>(args), get<4>(args),
         get<5>(args), ExcessiveArg(), ExcessiveArg(), ExcessiveArg(),
@@ -2889,9 +2896,8 @@
 
   template <typename A0, typename A1, typename A2, typename A3, typename A4,
       typename A5, typename A6>
-  static Result Perform(Impl* impl, const ::std::tr1::tuple<A0, A1, A2, A3, A4,
+  static Result Perform(Impl* impl, const ::testing::tuple<A0, A1, A2, A3, A4,
       A5, A6>& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
     return impl->template gmock_PerformImpl<A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6>(args,
         get<0>(args), get<1>(args), get<2>(args), get<3>(args), get<4>(args),
         get<5>(args), get<6>(args), ExcessiveArg(), ExcessiveArg(),
@@ -2900,9 +2906,8 @@
 
   template <typename A0, typename A1, typename A2, typename A3, typename A4,
       typename A5, typename A6, typename A7>
-  static Result Perform(Impl* impl, const ::std::tr1::tuple<A0, A1, A2, A3, A4,
+  static Result Perform(Impl* impl, const ::testing::tuple<A0, A1, A2, A3, A4,
       A5, A6, A7>& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
     return impl->template gmock_PerformImpl<A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6,
         A7>(args, get<0>(args), get<1>(args), get<2>(args), get<3>(args),
         get<4>(args), get<5>(args), get<6>(args), get<7>(args), ExcessiveArg(),
@@ -2911,9 +2916,8 @@
 
   template <typename A0, typename A1, typename A2, typename A3, typename A4,
       typename A5, typename A6, typename A7, typename A8>
-  static Result Perform(Impl* impl, const ::std::tr1::tuple<A0, A1, A2, A3, A4,
+  static Result Perform(Impl* impl, const ::testing::tuple<A0, A1, A2, A3, A4,
       A5, A6, A7, A8>& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
     return impl->template gmock_PerformImpl<A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7,
         A8>(args, get<0>(args), get<1>(args), get<2>(args), get<3>(args),
         get<4>(args), get<5>(args), get<6>(args), get<7>(args), get<8>(args),
@@ -2922,9 +2926,8 @@
 
   template <typename A0, typename A1, typename A2, typename A3, typename A4,
       typename A5, typename A6, typename A7, typename A8, typename A9>
-  static Result Perform(Impl* impl, const ::std::tr1::tuple<A0, A1, A2, A3, A4,
+  static Result Perform(Impl* impl, const ::testing::tuple<A0, A1, A2, A3, A4,
       A5, A6, A7, A8, A9>& args) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
     return impl->template gmock_PerformImpl<A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8,
         A9>(args, get<0>(args), get<1>(args), get<2>(args), get<3>(args),
         get<4>(args), get<5>(args), get<6>(args), get<7>(args), get<8>(args),
@@ -3236,7 +3239,7 @@
 //   ACTION_TEMPLATE(DuplicateArg,
 //                   HAS_2_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(int, k, typename, T),
 //                   AND_1_VALUE_PARAMS(output)) {
-//     *output = T(std::tr1::get<k>(args));
+//     *output = T(::testing::get<k>(args));
 //   }
 //   ...
 //     int n;
@@ -3567,7 +3570,7 @@
             GMOCK_INTERNAL_DECL_TYPE_##value_params>\
   class GMOCK_ACTION_CLASS_(name, value_params) {\
    public:\
-    GMOCK_ACTION_CLASS_(name, value_params)\
+    explicit GMOCK_ACTION_CLASS_(name, value_params)\
         GMOCK_INTERNAL_INIT_##value_params {}\
     template <typename F>\
     class gmock_Impl : public ::testing::ActionInterface<F> {\
@@ -3675,7 +3678,7 @@
   template <typename p0##_type>\
   class name##ActionP {\
    public:\
-    name##ActionP(p0##_type gmock_p0) : p0(gmock_p0) {}\
+    explicit name##ActionP(p0##_type gmock_p0) : p0(gmock_p0) {}\
     template <typename F>\
     class gmock_Impl : public ::testing::ActionInterface<F> {\
      public:\
@@ -4401,6 +4404,7 @@
 
 namespace testing {
 
+
 // The ACTION*() macros trigger warning C4100 (unreferenced formal
 // parameter) in MSVC with -W4.  Unfortunately they cannot be fixed in
 // the macro definition, as the warnings are generated when the macro
@@ -4441,81 +4445,175 @@
 //   InvokeArgument action from temporary values and have it performed
 //   later.
 
+namespace internal {
+namespace invoke_argument {
+
+// Appears in InvokeArgumentAdl's argument list to help avoid
+// accidental calls to user functions of the same name.
+struct AdlTag {};
+
+// InvokeArgumentAdl - a helper for InvokeArgument.
+// The basic overloads are provided here for generic functors.
+// Overloads for other custom-callables are provided in the
+// internal/custom/callback-actions.h header.
+
+template <typename R, typename F>
+R InvokeArgumentAdl(AdlTag, F f) {
+  return f();
+}
+template <typename R, typename F, typename A1>
+R InvokeArgumentAdl(AdlTag, F f, A1 a1) {
+  return f(a1);
+}
+template <typename R, typename F, typename A1, typename A2>
+R InvokeArgumentAdl(AdlTag, F f, A1 a1, A2 a2) {
+  return f(a1, a2);
+}
+template <typename R, typename F, typename A1, typename A2, typename A3>
+R InvokeArgumentAdl(AdlTag, F f, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3) {
+  return f(a1, a2, a3);
+}
+template <typename R, typename F, typename A1, typename A2, typename A3,
+    typename A4>
+R InvokeArgumentAdl(AdlTag, F f, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3, A4 a4) {
+  return f(a1, a2, a3, a4);
+}
+template <typename R, typename F, typename A1, typename A2, typename A3,
+    typename A4, typename A5>
+R InvokeArgumentAdl(AdlTag, F f, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3, A4 a4, A5 a5) {
+  return f(a1, a2, a3, a4, a5);
+}
+template <typename R, typename F, typename A1, typename A2, typename A3,
+    typename A4, typename A5, typename A6>
+R InvokeArgumentAdl(AdlTag, F f, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3, A4 a4, A5 a5, A6 a6) {
+  return f(a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6);
+}
+template <typename R, typename F, typename A1, typename A2, typename A3,
+    typename A4, typename A5, typename A6, typename A7>
+R InvokeArgumentAdl(AdlTag, F f, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3, A4 a4, A5 a5, A6 a6,
+    A7 a7) {
+  return f(a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7);
+}
+template <typename R, typename F, typename A1, typename A2, typename A3,
+    typename A4, typename A5, typename A6, typename A7, typename A8>
+R InvokeArgumentAdl(AdlTag, F f, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3, A4 a4, A5 a5, A6 a6,
+    A7 a7, A8 a8) {
+  return f(a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8);
+}
+template <typename R, typename F, typename A1, typename A2, typename A3,
+    typename A4, typename A5, typename A6, typename A7, typename A8,
+    typename A9>
+R InvokeArgumentAdl(AdlTag, F f, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3, A4 a4, A5 a5, A6 a6,
+    A7 a7, A8 a8, A9 a9) {
+  return f(a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8, a9);
+}
+template <typename R, typename F, typename A1, typename A2, typename A3,
+    typename A4, typename A5, typename A6, typename A7, typename A8,
+    typename A9, typename A10>
+R InvokeArgumentAdl(AdlTag, F f, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3, A4 a4, A5 a5, A6 a6,
+    A7 a7, A8 a8, A9 a9, A10 a10) {
+  return f(a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8, a9, a10);
+}
+}  // namespace invoke_argument
+}  // namespace internal
+
 ACTION_TEMPLATE(InvokeArgument,
                 HAS_1_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(int, k),
                 AND_0_VALUE_PARAMS()) {
-  return internal::CallableHelper<return_type>::Call(
-      ::std::tr1::get<k>(args));
+  using internal::invoke_argument::InvokeArgumentAdl;
+  return InvokeArgumentAdl<return_type>(
+      internal::invoke_argument::AdlTag(),
+      ::testing::get<k>(args));
 }
 
 ACTION_TEMPLATE(InvokeArgument,
                 HAS_1_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(int, k),
                 AND_1_VALUE_PARAMS(p0)) {
-  return internal::CallableHelper<return_type>::Call(
-      ::std::tr1::get<k>(args), p0);
+  using internal::invoke_argument::InvokeArgumentAdl;
+  return InvokeArgumentAdl<return_type>(
+      internal::invoke_argument::AdlTag(),
+      ::testing::get<k>(args), p0);
 }
 
 ACTION_TEMPLATE(InvokeArgument,
                 HAS_1_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(int, k),
                 AND_2_VALUE_PARAMS(p0, p1)) {
-  return internal::CallableHelper<return_type>::Call(
-      ::std::tr1::get<k>(args), p0, p1);
+  using internal::invoke_argument::InvokeArgumentAdl;
+  return InvokeArgumentAdl<return_type>(
+      internal::invoke_argument::AdlTag(),
+      ::testing::get<k>(args), p0, p1);
 }
 
 ACTION_TEMPLATE(InvokeArgument,
                 HAS_1_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(int, k),
                 AND_3_VALUE_PARAMS(p0, p1, p2)) {
-  return internal::CallableHelper<return_type>::Call(
-      ::std::tr1::get<k>(args), p0, p1, p2);
+  using internal::invoke_argument::InvokeArgumentAdl;
+  return InvokeArgumentAdl<return_type>(
+      internal::invoke_argument::AdlTag(),
+      ::testing::get<k>(args), p0, p1, p2);
 }
 
 ACTION_TEMPLATE(InvokeArgument,
                 HAS_1_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(int, k),
                 AND_4_VALUE_PARAMS(p0, p1, p2, p3)) {
-  return internal::CallableHelper<return_type>::Call(
-      ::std::tr1::get<k>(args), p0, p1, p2, p3);
+  using internal::invoke_argument::InvokeArgumentAdl;
+  return InvokeArgumentAdl<return_type>(
+      internal::invoke_argument::AdlTag(),
+      ::testing::get<k>(args), p0, p1, p2, p3);
 }
 
 ACTION_TEMPLATE(InvokeArgument,
                 HAS_1_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(int, k),
                 AND_5_VALUE_PARAMS(p0, p1, p2, p3, p4)) {
-  return internal::CallableHelper<return_type>::Call(
-      ::std::tr1::get<k>(args), p0, p1, p2, p3, p4);
+  using internal::invoke_argument::InvokeArgumentAdl;
+  return InvokeArgumentAdl<return_type>(
+      internal::invoke_argument::AdlTag(),
+      ::testing::get<k>(args), p0, p1, p2, p3, p4);
 }
 
 ACTION_TEMPLATE(InvokeArgument,
                 HAS_1_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(int, k),
                 AND_6_VALUE_PARAMS(p0, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5)) {
-  return internal::CallableHelper<return_type>::Call(
-      ::std::tr1::get<k>(args), p0, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5);
+  using internal::invoke_argument::InvokeArgumentAdl;
+  return InvokeArgumentAdl<return_type>(
+      internal::invoke_argument::AdlTag(),
+      ::testing::get<k>(args), p0, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5);
 }
 
 ACTION_TEMPLATE(InvokeArgument,
                 HAS_1_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(int, k),
                 AND_7_VALUE_PARAMS(p0, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p6)) {
-  return internal::CallableHelper<return_type>::Call(
-      ::std::tr1::get<k>(args), p0, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p6);
+  using internal::invoke_argument::InvokeArgumentAdl;
+  return InvokeArgumentAdl<return_type>(
+      internal::invoke_argument::AdlTag(),
+      ::testing::get<k>(args), p0, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p6);
 }
 
 ACTION_TEMPLATE(InvokeArgument,
                 HAS_1_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(int, k),
                 AND_8_VALUE_PARAMS(p0, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p6, p7)) {
-  return internal::CallableHelper<return_type>::Call(
-      ::std::tr1::get<k>(args), p0, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p6, p7);
+  using internal::invoke_argument::InvokeArgumentAdl;
+  return InvokeArgumentAdl<return_type>(
+      internal::invoke_argument::AdlTag(),
+      ::testing::get<k>(args), p0, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p6, p7);
 }
 
 ACTION_TEMPLATE(InvokeArgument,
                 HAS_1_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(int, k),
                 AND_9_VALUE_PARAMS(p0, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p6, p7, p8)) {
-  return internal::CallableHelper<return_type>::Call(
-      ::std::tr1::get<k>(args), p0, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p6, p7, p8);
+  using internal::invoke_argument::InvokeArgumentAdl;
+  return InvokeArgumentAdl<return_type>(
+      internal::invoke_argument::AdlTag(),
+      ::testing::get<k>(args), p0, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p6, p7, p8);
 }
 
 ACTION_TEMPLATE(InvokeArgument,
                 HAS_1_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(int, k),
                 AND_10_VALUE_PARAMS(p0, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p6, p7, p8, p9)) {
-  return internal::CallableHelper<return_type>::Call(
-      ::std::tr1::get<k>(args), p0, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p6, p7, p8, p9);
+  using internal::invoke_argument::InvokeArgumentAdl;
+  return InvokeArgumentAdl<return_type>(
+      internal::invoke_argument::AdlTag(),
+      ::testing::get<k>(args), p0, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p6, p7, p8, p9);
 }
 
 // Various overloads for ReturnNew<T>().
@@ -4595,6 +4693,18 @@
 
 }  // namespace testing
 
+// Include any custom actions added by the local installation.
+// We must include this header at the end to make sure it can use the
+// declarations from this file.
+// This file was GENERATED by command:
+//     pump.py gmock-generated-actions.h.pump
+// DO NOT EDIT BY HAND!!!
+
+#ifndef GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GMOCK_GENERATED_ACTIONS_H_
+#define GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GMOCK_GENERATED_ACTIONS_H_
+
+#endif  // GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GMOCK_GENERATED_ACTIONS_H_
+
 #endif  // GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_GENERATED_ACTIONS_H_
 // This file was GENERATED by command:
 //     pump.py gmock-generated-function-mockers.h.pump
@@ -4908,6 +5018,31 @@
 
 namespace internal {
 
+struct AnyEq {
+  template <typename A, typename B>
+  bool operator()(const A& a, const B& b) const { return a == b; }
+};
+struct AnyNe {
+  template <typename A, typename B>
+  bool operator()(const A& a, const B& b) const { return a != b; }
+};
+struct AnyLt {
+  template <typename A, typename B>
+  bool operator()(const A& a, const B& b) const { return a < b; }
+};
+struct AnyGt {
+  template <typename A, typename B>
+  bool operator()(const A& a, const B& b) const { return a > b; }
+};
+struct AnyLe {
+  template <typename A, typename B>
+  bool operator()(const A& a, const B& b) const { return a <= b; }
+};
+struct AnyGe {
+  template <typename A, typename B>
+  bool operator()(const A& a, const B& b) const { return a >= b; }
+};
+
 // A match result listener that ignores the explanation.
 class DummyMatchResultListener : public MatchResultListener {
  public:
@@ -5005,7 +5140,7 @@
   // Constructs a null matcher.  Needed for storing Matcher objects in STL
   // containers.  A default-constructed matcher is not yet initialized.  You
   // cannot use it until a valid value has been assigned to it.
-  Matcher() {}
+  explicit Matcher() {}  // NOLINT
 
   // Constructs a matcher from its implementation.
   explicit Matcher(const MatcherInterface<T>* impl)
@@ -5415,7 +5550,6 @@
   template <typename MatcherTuple, typename ValueTuple>
   static bool Matches(const MatcherTuple& matcher_tuple,
                       const ValueTuple& value_tuple) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
     return TuplePrefix<N - 1>::Matches(matcher_tuple, value_tuple)
         && get<N - 1>(matcher_tuple).Matches(get<N - 1>(value_tuple));
   }
@@ -5428,9 +5562,6 @@
   static void ExplainMatchFailuresTo(const MatcherTuple& matchers,
                                      const ValueTuple& values,
                                      ::std::ostream* os) {
-    using ::std::tr1::tuple_element;
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
-
     // First, describes failures in the first N - 1 fields.
     TuplePrefix<N - 1>::ExplainMatchFailuresTo(matchers, values, os);
 
@@ -5483,7 +5614,6 @@
 template <typename MatcherTuple, typename ValueTuple>
 bool TupleMatches(const MatcherTuple& matcher_tuple,
                   const ValueTuple& value_tuple) {
-  using ::std::tr1::tuple_size;
   // Makes sure that matcher_tuple and value_tuple have the same
   // number of fields.
   GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_(tuple_size<MatcherTuple>::value ==
@@ -5499,7 +5629,6 @@
 void ExplainMatchFailureTupleTo(const MatcherTuple& matchers,
                                 const ValueTuple& values,
                                 ::std::ostream* os) {
-  using ::std::tr1::tuple_size;
   TuplePrefix<tuple_size<MatcherTuple>::value>::ExplainMatchFailuresTo(
       matchers, values, os);
 }
@@ -5511,7 +5640,7 @@
 template <typename Tuple, typename Func, typename OutIter>
 class TransformTupleValuesHelper {
  private:
-  typedef typename ::std::tr1::tuple_size<Tuple> TupleSize;
+  typedef ::testing::tuple_size<Tuple> TupleSize;
 
  public:
   // For each member of tuple 't', taken in order, evaluates '*out++ = f(t)'.
@@ -5524,7 +5653,7 @@
   template <typename Tup, size_t kRemainingSize>
   struct IterateOverTuple {
     OutIter operator() (Func f, const Tup& t, OutIter out) const {
-      *out++ = f(::std::tr1::get<TupleSize::value - kRemainingSize>(t));
+      *out++ = f(::testing::get<TupleSize::value - kRemainingSize>(t));
       return IterateOverTuple<Tup, kRemainingSize - 1>()(f, t, out);
     }
   };
@@ -5577,55 +5706,90 @@
 // used to match an int, a short, a double, etc).  Therefore we use
 // a template type conversion operator in the implementation.
 //
-// We define this as a macro in order to eliminate duplicated source
-// code.
-//
 // The following template definition assumes that the Rhs parameter is
 // a "bare" type (i.e. neither 'const T' nor 'T&').
-#define GMOCK_IMPLEMENT_COMPARISON_MATCHER_( \
-    name, op, relation, negated_relation) \
-  template <typename Rhs> class name##Matcher { \
-   public: \
-    explicit name##Matcher(const Rhs& rhs) : rhs_(rhs) {} \
-    template <typename Lhs> \
-    operator Matcher<Lhs>() const { \
-      return MakeMatcher(new Impl<Lhs>(rhs_)); \
-    } \
-   private: \
-    template <typename Lhs> \
-    class Impl : public MatcherInterface<Lhs> { \
-     public: \
-      explicit Impl(const Rhs& rhs) : rhs_(rhs) {} \
-      virtual bool MatchAndExplain(\
-          Lhs lhs, MatchResultListener* /* listener */) const { \
-        return lhs op rhs_; \
-      } \
-      virtual void DescribeTo(::std::ostream* os) const { \
-        *os << relation  " "; \
-        UniversalPrint(rhs_, os); \
-      } \
-      virtual void DescribeNegationTo(::std::ostream* os) const { \
-        *os << negated_relation  " "; \
-        UniversalPrint(rhs_, os); \
-      } \
-     private: \
-      Rhs rhs_; \
-      GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_(Impl); \
-    }; \
-    Rhs rhs_; \
-    GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_(name##Matcher); \
+template <typename D, typename Rhs, typename Op>
+class ComparisonBase {
+ public:
+  explicit ComparisonBase(const Rhs& rhs) : rhs_(rhs) {}
+  template <typename Lhs>
+  operator Matcher<Lhs>() const {
+    return MakeMatcher(new Impl<Lhs>(rhs_));
   }
 
-// Implements Eq(v), Ge(v), Gt(v), Le(v), Lt(v), and Ne(v)
-// respectively.
-GMOCK_IMPLEMENT_COMPARISON_MATCHER_(Eq, ==, "is equal to", "isn't equal to");
-GMOCK_IMPLEMENT_COMPARISON_MATCHER_(Ge, >=, "is >=", "isn't >=");
-GMOCK_IMPLEMENT_COMPARISON_MATCHER_(Gt, >, "is >", "isn't >");
-GMOCK_IMPLEMENT_COMPARISON_MATCHER_(Le, <=, "is <=", "isn't <=");
-GMOCK_IMPLEMENT_COMPARISON_MATCHER_(Lt, <, "is <", "isn't <");
-GMOCK_IMPLEMENT_COMPARISON_MATCHER_(Ne, !=, "isn't equal to", "is equal to");
+ private:
+  template <typename Lhs>
+  class Impl : public MatcherInterface<Lhs> {
+   public:
+    explicit Impl(const Rhs& rhs) : rhs_(rhs) {}
+    virtual bool MatchAndExplain(
+        Lhs lhs, MatchResultListener* /* listener */) const {
+      return Op()(lhs, rhs_);
+    }
+    virtual void DescribeTo(::std::ostream* os) const {
+      *os << D::Desc() << " ";
+      UniversalPrint(rhs_, os);
+    }
+    virtual void DescribeNegationTo(::std::ostream* os) const {
+      *os << D::NegatedDesc() <<  " ";
+      UniversalPrint(rhs_, os);
+    }
+   private:
+    Rhs rhs_;
+    GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_(Impl);
+  };
+  Rhs rhs_;
+  GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_(ComparisonBase);
+};
 
-#undef GMOCK_IMPLEMENT_COMPARISON_MATCHER_
+template <typename Rhs>
+class EqMatcher : public ComparisonBase<EqMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, AnyEq> {
+ public:
+  explicit EqMatcher(const Rhs& rhs)
+      : ComparisonBase<EqMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, AnyEq>(rhs) { }
+  static const char* Desc() { return "is equal to"; }
+  static const char* NegatedDesc() { return "isn't equal to"; }
+};
+template <typename Rhs>
+class NeMatcher : public ComparisonBase<NeMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, AnyNe> {
+ public:
+  explicit NeMatcher(const Rhs& rhs)
+      : ComparisonBase<NeMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, AnyNe>(rhs) { }
+  static const char* Desc() { return "isn't equal to"; }
+  static const char* NegatedDesc() { return "is equal to"; }
+};
+template <typename Rhs>
+class LtMatcher : public ComparisonBase<LtMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, AnyLt> {
+ public:
+  explicit LtMatcher(const Rhs& rhs)
+      : ComparisonBase<LtMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, AnyLt>(rhs) { }
+  static const char* Desc() { return "is <"; }
+  static const char* NegatedDesc() { return "isn't <"; }
+};
+template <typename Rhs>
+class GtMatcher : public ComparisonBase<GtMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, AnyGt> {
+ public:
+  explicit GtMatcher(const Rhs& rhs)
+      : ComparisonBase<GtMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, AnyGt>(rhs) { }
+  static const char* Desc() { return "is >"; }
+  static const char* NegatedDesc() { return "isn't >"; }
+};
+template <typename Rhs>
+class LeMatcher : public ComparisonBase<LeMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, AnyLe> {
+ public:
+  explicit LeMatcher(const Rhs& rhs)
+      : ComparisonBase<LeMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, AnyLe>(rhs) { }
+  static const char* Desc() { return "is <="; }
+  static const char* NegatedDesc() { return "isn't <="; }
+};
+template <typename Rhs>
+class GeMatcher : public ComparisonBase<GeMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, AnyGe> {
+ public:
+  explicit GeMatcher(const Rhs& rhs)
+      : ComparisonBase<GeMatcher<Rhs>, Rhs, AnyGe>(rhs) { }
+  static const char* Desc() { return "is >="; }
+  static const char* NegatedDesc() { return "isn't >="; }
+};
 
 // Implements the polymorphic IsNull() matcher, which matches any raw or smart
 // pointer that is NULL.
@@ -5634,7 +5798,11 @@
   template <typename Pointer>
   bool MatchAndExplain(const Pointer& p,
                        MatchResultListener* /* listener */) const {
+#if GTEST_LANG_CXX11
+    return p == nullptr;
+#else  // GTEST_LANG_CXX11
     return GetRawPointer(p) == NULL;
+#endif  // GTEST_LANG_CXX11
   }
 
   void DescribeTo(::std::ostream* os) const { *os << "is NULL"; }
@@ -5650,7 +5818,11 @@
   template <typename Pointer>
   bool MatchAndExplain(const Pointer& p,
                        MatchResultListener* /* listener */) const {
+#if GTEST_LANG_CXX11
+    return p != nullptr;
+#else  // GTEST_LANG_CXX11
     return GetRawPointer(p) != NULL;
+#endif  // GTEST_LANG_CXX11
   }
 
   void DescribeTo(::std::ostream* os) const { *os << "isn't NULL"; }
@@ -6024,51 +6196,64 @@
 // used to match a tuple<int, short>, a tuple<const long&, double>,
 // etc).  Therefore we use a template type conversion operator in the
 // implementation.
-//
-// We define this as a macro in order to eliminate duplicated source
-// code.
-#define GMOCK_IMPLEMENT_COMPARISON2_MATCHER_(name, op, relation) \
-  class name##2Matcher { \
-   public: \
-    template <typename T1, typename T2> \
-    operator Matcher< ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2> >() const { \
-      return MakeMatcher(new Impl< ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2> >); \
-    } \
-    template <typename T1, typename T2> \
-    operator Matcher<const ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2>&>() const { \
-      return MakeMatcher(new Impl<const ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2>&>); \
-    } \
-   private: \
-    template <typename Tuple> \
-    class Impl : public MatcherInterface<Tuple> { \
-     public: \
-      virtual bool MatchAndExplain( \
-          Tuple args, \
-          MatchResultListener* /* listener */) const { \
-        return ::std::tr1::get<0>(args) op ::std::tr1::get<1>(args); \
-      } \
-      virtual void DescribeTo(::std::ostream* os) const { \
-        *os << "are " relation;                                 \
-      } \
-      virtual void DescribeNegationTo(::std::ostream* os) const { \
-        *os << "aren't " relation; \
-      } \
-    }; \
+template <typename D, typename Op>
+class PairMatchBase {
+ public:
+  template <typename T1, typename T2>
+  operator Matcher< ::testing::tuple<T1, T2> >() const {
+    return MakeMatcher(new Impl< ::testing::tuple<T1, T2> >);
+  }
+  template <typename T1, typename T2>
+  operator Matcher<const ::testing::tuple<T1, T2>&>() const {
+    return MakeMatcher(new Impl<const ::testing::tuple<T1, T2>&>);
   }
 
-// Implements Eq(), Ge(), Gt(), Le(), Lt(), and Ne() respectively.
-GMOCK_IMPLEMENT_COMPARISON2_MATCHER_(Eq, ==, "an equal pair");
-GMOCK_IMPLEMENT_COMPARISON2_MATCHER_(
-    Ge, >=, "a pair where the first >= the second");
-GMOCK_IMPLEMENT_COMPARISON2_MATCHER_(
-    Gt, >, "a pair where the first > the second");
-GMOCK_IMPLEMENT_COMPARISON2_MATCHER_(
-    Le, <=, "a pair where the first <= the second");
-GMOCK_IMPLEMENT_COMPARISON2_MATCHER_(
-    Lt, <, "a pair where the first < the second");
-GMOCK_IMPLEMENT_COMPARISON2_MATCHER_(Ne, !=, "an unequal pair");
+ private:
+  static ::std::ostream& GetDesc(::std::ostream& os) {  // NOLINT
+    return os << D::Desc();
+  }
 
-#undef GMOCK_IMPLEMENT_COMPARISON2_MATCHER_
+  template <typename Tuple>
+  class Impl : public MatcherInterface<Tuple> {
+   public:
+    virtual bool MatchAndExplain(
+        Tuple args,
+        MatchResultListener* /* listener */) const {
+      return Op()(::testing::get<0>(args), ::testing::get<1>(args));
+    }
+    virtual void DescribeTo(::std::ostream* os) const {
+      *os << "are " << GetDesc;
+    }
+    virtual void DescribeNegationTo(::std::ostream* os) const {
+      *os << "aren't " << GetDesc;
+    }
+  };
+};
+
+class Eq2Matcher : public PairMatchBase<Eq2Matcher, AnyEq> {
+ public:
+  static const char* Desc() { return "an equal pair"; }
+};
+class Ne2Matcher : public PairMatchBase<Ne2Matcher, AnyNe> {
+ public:
+  static const char* Desc() { return "an unequal pair"; }
+};
+class Lt2Matcher : public PairMatchBase<Lt2Matcher, AnyLt> {
+ public:
+  static const char* Desc() { return "a pair where the first < the second"; }
+};
+class Gt2Matcher : public PairMatchBase<Gt2Matcher, AnyGt> {
+ public:
+  static const char* Desc() { return "a pair where the first > the second"; }
+};
+class Le2Matcher : public PairMatchBase<Le2Matcher, AnyLe> {
+ public:
+  static const char* Desc() { return "a pair where the first <= the second"; }
+};
+class Ge2Matcher : public PairMatchBase<Ge2Matcher, AnyGe> {
+ public:
+  static const char* Desc() { return "a pair where the first >= the second"; }
+};
 
 // Implements the Not(...) matcher for a particular argument type T.
 // We do not nest it inside the NotMatcher class template, as that
@@ -6467,7 +6652,7 @@
 template <typename M>
 class PredicateFormatterFromMatcher {
  public:
-  explicit PredicateFormatterFromMatcher(const M& m) : matcher_(m) {}
+  explicit PredicateFormatterFromMatcher(M m) : matcher_(internal::move(m)) {}
 
   // This template () operator allows a PredicateFormatterFromMatcher
   // object to act as a predicate-formatter suitable for using with
@@ -6507,10 +6692,11 @@
 // A helper function for converting a matcher to a predicate-formatter
 // without the user needing to explicitly write the type.  This is
 // used for implementing ASSERT_THAT() and EXPECT_THAT().
+// Implementation detail: 'matcher' is received by-value to force decaying.
 template <typename M>
 inline PredicateFormatterFromMatcher<M>
-MakePredicateFormatterFromMatcher(const M& matcher) {
-  return PredicateFormatterFromMatcher<M>(matcher);
+MakePredicateFormatterFromMatcher(M matcher) {
+  return PredicateFormatterFromMatcher<M>(internal::move(matcher));
 }
 
 // Implements the polymorphic floating point equality matcher, which matches
@@ -6521,20 +6707,23 @@
 class FloatingEqMatcher {
  public:
   // Constructor for FloatingEqMatcher.
-  // The matcher's input will be compared with rhs.  The matcher treats two
+  // The matcher's input will be compared with expected.  The matcher treats two
   // NANs as equal if nan_eq_nan is true.  Otherwise, under IEEE standards,
   // equality comparisons between NANs will always return false.  We specify a
   // negative max_abs_error_ term to indicate that ULP-based approximation will
   // be used for comparison.
-  FloatingEqMatcher(FloatType rhs, bool nan_eq_nan) :
-    rhs_(rhs), nan_eq_nan_(nan_eq_nan), max_abs_error_(-1) {
+  FloatingEqMatcher(FloatType expected, bool nan_eq_nan) :
+    expected_(expected), nan_eq_nan_(nan_eq_nan), max_abs_error_(-1) {
   }
 
   // Constructor that supports a user-specified max_abs_error that will be used
   // for comparison instead of ULP-based approximation.  The max absolute
   // should be non-negative.
-  FloatingEqMatcher(FloatType rhs, bool nan_eq_nan, FloatType max_abs_error) :
-    rhs_(rhs), nan_eq_nan_(nan_eq_nan), max_abs_error_(max_abs_error) {
+  FloatingEqMatcher(FloatType expected, bool nan_eq_nan,
+                    FloatType max_abs_error)
+      : expected_(expected),
+        nan_eq_nan_(nan_eq_nan),
+        max_abs_error_(max_abs_error) {
     GTEST_CHECK_(max_abs_error >= 0)
         << ", where max_abs_error is" << max_abs_error;
   }
@@ -6543,16 +6732,18 @@
   template <typename T>
   class Impl : public MatcherInterface<T> {
    public:
-    Impl(FloatType rhs, bool nan_eq_nan, FloatType max_abs_error) :
-      rhs_(rhs), nan_eq_nan_(nan_eq_nan), max_abs_error_(max_abs_error) {}
+    Impl(FloatType expected, bool nan_eq_nan, FloatType max_abs_error)
+        : expected_(expected),
+          nan_eq_nan_(nan_eq_nan),
+          max_abs_error_(max_abs_error) {}
 
     virtual bool MatchAndExplain(T value,
-                                 MatchResultListener* /* listener */) const {
-      const FloatingPoint<FloatType> lhs(value), rhs(rhs_);
+                                 MatchResultListener* listener) const {
+      const FloatingPoint<FloatType> actual(value), expected(expected_);
 
       // Compares NaNs first, if nan_eq_nan_ is true.
-      if (lhs.is_nan() || rhs.is_nan()) {
-        if (lhs.is_nan() && rhs.is_nan()) {
+      if (actual.is_nan() || expected.is_nan()) {
+        if (actual.is_nan() && expected.is_nan()) {
           return nan_eq_nan_;
         }
         // One is nan; the other is not nan.
@@ -6560,12 +6751,24 @@
       }
       if (HasMaxAbsError()) {
         // We perform an equality check so that inf will match inf, regardless
-        // of error bounds.  If the result of value - rhs_ would result in
+        // of error bounds.  If the result of value - expected_ would result in
         // overflow or if either value is inf, the default result is infinity,
         // which should only match if max_abs_error_ is also infinity.
-        return value == rhs_ || fabs(value - rhs_) <= max_abs_error_;
+        if (value == expected_) {
+          return true;
+        }
+
+        const FloatType diff = value - expected_;
+        if (fabs(diff) <= max_abs_error_) {
+          return true;
+        }
+
+        if (listener->IsInterested()) {
+          *listener << "which is " << diff << " from " << expected_;
+        }
+        return false;
       } else {
-        return lhs.AlmostEquals(rhs);
+        return actual.AlmostEquals(expected);
       }
     }
 
@@ -6575,14 +6778,14 @@
       // after outputting.
       const ::std::streamsize old_precision = os->precision(
           ::std::numeric_limits<FloatType>::digits10 + 2);
-      if (FloatingPoint<FloatType>(rhs_).is_nan()) {
+      if (FloatingPoint<FloatType>(expected_).is_nan()) {
         if (nan_eq_nan_) {
           *os << "is NaN";
         } else {
           *os << "never matches";
         }
       } else {
-        *os << "is approximately " << rhs_;
+        *os << "is approximately " << expected_;
         if (HasMaxAbsError()) {
           *os << " (absolute error <= " << max_abs_error_ << ")";
         }
@@ -6594,14 +6797,14 @@
       // As before, get original precision.
       const ::std::streamsize old_precision = os->precision(
           ::std::numeric_limits<FloatType>::digits10 + 2);
-      if (FloatingPoint<FloatType>(rhs_).is_nan()) {
+      if (FloatingPoint<FloatType>(expected_).is_nan()) {
         if (nan_eq_nan_) {
           *os << "isn't NaN";
         } else {
           *os << "is anything";
         }
       } else {
-        *os << "isn't approximately " << rhs_;
+        *os << "isn't approximately " << expected_;
         if (HasMaxAbsError()) {
           *os << " (absolute error > " << max_abs_error_ << ")";
         }
@@ -6615,7 +6818,7 @@
       return max_abs_error_ >= 0;
     }
 
-    const FloatType rhs_;
+    const FloatType expected_;
     const bool nan_eq_nan_;
     // max_abs_error will be used for value comparison when >= 0.
     const FloatType max_abs_error_;
@@ -6623,27 +6826,29 @@
     GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_(Impl);
   };
 
-  // The following 3 type conversion operators allow FloatEq(rhs) and
-  // NanSensitiveFloatEq(rhs) to be used as a Matcher<float>, a
+  // The following 3 type conversion operators allow FloatEq(expected) and
+  // NanSensitiveFloatEq(expected) to be used as a Matcher<float>, a
   // Matcher<const float&>, or a Matcher<float&>, but nothing else.
   // (While Google's C++ coding style doesn't allow arguments passed
   // by non-const reference, we may see them in code not conforming to
   // the style.  Therefore Google Mock needs to support them.)
   operator Matcher<FloatType>() const {
-    return MakeMatcher(new Impl<FloatType>(rhs_, nan_eq_nan_, max_abs_error_));
+    return MakeMatcher(
+        new Impl<FloatType>(expected_, nan_eq_nan_, max_abs_error_));
   }
 
   operator Matcher<const FloatType&>() const {
     return MakeMatcher(
-        new Impl<const FloatType&>(rhs_, nan_eq_nan_, max_abs_error_));
+        new Impl<const FloatType&>(expected_, nan_eq_nan_, max_abs_error_));
   }
 
   operator Matcher<FloatType&>() const {
-    return MakeMatcher(new Impl<FloatType&>(rhs_, nan_eq_nan_, max_abs_error_));
+    return MakeMatcher(
+        new Impl<FloatType&>(expected_, nan_eq_nan_, max_abs_error_));
   }
 
  private:
-  const FloatType rhs_;
+  const FloatType expected_;
   const bool nan_eq_nan_;
   // max_abs_error will be used for value comparison when >= 0.
   const FloatType max_abs_error_;
@@ -6712,6 +6917,83 @@
   GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_(PointeeMatcher);
 };
 
+// Implements the WhenDynamicCastTo<T>(m) matcher that matches a pointer or
+// reference that matches inner_matcher when dynamic_cast<T> is applied.
+// The result of dynamic_cast<To> is forwarded to the inner matcher.
+// If To is a pointer and the cast fails, the inner matcher will receive NULL.
+// If To is a reference and the cast fails, this matcher returns false
+// immediately.
+template <typename To>
+class WhenDynamicCastToMatcherBase {
+ public:
+  explicit WhenDynamicCastToMatcherBase(const Matcher<To>& matcher)
+      : matcher_(matcher) {}
+
+  void DescribeTo(::std::ostream* os) const {
+    GetCastTypeDescription(os);
+    matcher_.DescribeTo(os);
+  }
+
+  void DescribeNegationTo(::std::ostream* os) const {
+    GetCastTypeDescription(os);
+    matcher_.DescribeNegationTo(os);
+  }
+
+ protected:
+  const Matcher<To> matcher_;
+
+  static string GetToName() {
+#if GTEST_HAS_RTTI
+    return GetTypeName<To>();
+#else  // GTEST_HAS_RTTI
+    return "the target type";
+#endif  // GTEST_HAS_RTTI
+  }
+
+ private:
+  static void GetCastTypeDescription(::std::ostream* os) {
+    *os << "when dynamic_cast to " << GetToName() << ", ";
+  }
+
+  GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_(WhenDynamicCastToMatcherBase);
+};
+
+// Primary template.
+// To is a pointer. Cast and forward the result.
+template <typename To>
+class WhenDynamicCastToMatcher : public WhenDynamicCastToMatcherBase<To> {
+ public:
+  explicit WhenDynamicCastToMatcher(const Matcher<To>& matcher)
+      : WhenDynamicCastToMatcherBase<To>(matcher) {}
+
+  template <typename From>
+  bool MatchAndExplain(From from, MatchResultListener* listener) const {
+    // TODO(sbenza): Add more detail on failures. ie did the dyn_cast fail?
+    To to = dynamic_cast<To>(from);
+    return MatchPrintAndExplain(to, this->matcher_, listener);
+  }
+};
+
+// Specialize for references.
+// In this case we return false if the dynamic_cast fails.
+template <typename To>
+class WhenDynamicCastToMatcher<To&> : public WhenDynamicCastToMatcherBase<To&> {
+ public:
+  explicit WhenDynamicCastToMatcher(const Matcher<To&>& matcher)
+      : WhenDynamicCastToMatcherBase<To&>(matcher) {}
+
+  template <typename From>
+  bool MatchAndExplain(From& from, MatchResultListener* listener) const {
+    // We don't want an std::bad_cast here, so do the cast with pointers.
+    To* to = dynamic_cast<To*>(&from);
+    if (to == NULL) {
+      *listener << "which cannot be dynamic_cast to " << this->GetToName();
+      return false;
+    }
+    return MatchPrintAndExplain(*to, this->matcher_, listener);
+  }
+};
+
 // Implements the Field() matcher for matching a field (i.e. member
 // variable) of an object.
 template <typename Class, typename FieldType>
@@ -6809,8 +7091,15 @@
     *listener << "whose given property is ";
     // Cannot pass the return value (for example, int) to MatchPrintAndExplain,
     // which takes a non-const reference as argument.
+#if defined(_PREFAST_ ) && _MSC_VER == 1800
+    // Workaround bug in VC++ 2013's /analyze parser.
+    // https://connect.microsoft.com/VisualStudio/feedback/details/1106363/internal-compiler-error-with-analyze-due-to-failure-to-infer-move
+    posix::Abort();  // To make sure it is never run.
+    return false;
+#else
     RefToConstProperty result = (obj.*property_)();
     return MatchPrintAndExplain(result, matcher_, listener);
+#endif
   }
 
   bool MatchAndExplainImpl(true_type /* is_pointer */, const Class* p,
@@ -6976,6 +7265,67 @@
   GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_(SizeIsMatcher);
 };
 
+// Implements a matcher that checks the begin()..end() distance of an STL-style
+// container.
+template <typename DistanceMatcher>
+class BeginEndDistanceIsMatcher {
+ public:
+  explicit BeginEndDistanceIsMatcher(const DistanceMatcher& distance_matcher)
+      : distance_matcher_(distance_matcher) {}
+
+  template <typename Container>
+  operator Matcher<Container>() const {
+    return MakeMatcher(new Impl<Container>(distance_matcher_));
+  }
+
+  template <typename Container>
+  class Impl : public MatcherInterface<Container> {
+   public:
+    typedef internal::StlContainerView<
+        GTEST_REMOVE_REFERENCE_AND_CONST_(Container)> ContainerView;
+    typedef typename std::iterator_traits<
+        typename ContainerView::type::const_iterator>::difference_type
+        DistanceType;
+    explicit Impl(const DistanceMatcher& distance_matcher)
+        : distance_matcher_(MatcherCast<DistanceType>(distance_matcher)) {}
+
+    virtual void DescribeTo(::std::ostream* os) const {
+      *os << "distance between begin() and end() ";
+      distance_matcher_.DescribeTo(os);
+    }
+    virtual void DescribeNegationTo(::std::ostream* os) const {
+      *os << "distance between begin() and end() ";
+      distance_matcher_.DescribeNegationTo(os);
+    }
+
+    virtual bool MatchAndExplain(Container container,
+                                 MatchResultListener* listener) const {
+#if GTEST_HAS_STD_BEGIN_AND_END_
+      using std::begin;
+      using std::end;
+      DistanceType distance = std::distance(begin(container), end(container));
+#else
+      DistanceType distance = std::distance(container.begin(), container.end());
+#endif
+      StringMatchResultListener distance_listener;
+      const bool result =
+          distance_matcher_.MatchAndExplain(distance, &distance_listener);
+      *listener << "whose distance between begin() and end() " << distance
+                << (result ? " matches" : " doesn't match");
+      PrintIfNotEmpty(distance_listener.str(), listener->stream());
+      return result;
+    }
+
+   private:
+    const Matcher<DistanceType> distance_matcher_;
+    GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_(Impl);
+  };
+
+ private:
+  const DistanceMatcher distance_matcher_;
+  GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_(BeginEndDistanceIsMatcher);
+};
+
 // Implements an equality matcher for any STL-style container whose elements
 // support ==. This matcher is like Eq(), but its failure explanations provide
 // more detailed information that is useful when the container is used as a set.
@@ -6993,9 +7343,10 @@
   typedef typename View::type StlContainer;
   typedef typename View::const_reference StlContainerReference;
 
-  // We make a copy of rhs in case the elements in it are modified
+  // We make a copy of expected in case the elements in it are modified
   // after this matcher is created.
-  explicit ContainerEqMatcher(const Container& rhs) : rhs_(View::Copy(rhs)) {
+  explicit ContainerEqMatcher(const Container& expected)
+      : expected_(View::Copy(expected)) {
     // Makes sure the user doesn't instantiate this class template
     // with a const or reference type.
     (void)testing::StaticAssertTypeEq<Container,
@@ -7004,11 +7355,11 @@
 
   void DescribeTo(::std::ostream* os) const {
     *os << "equals ";
-    UniversalPrint(rhs_, os);
+    UniversalPrint(expected_, os);
   }
   void DescribeNegationTo(::std::ostream* os) const {
     *os << "does not equal ";
-    UniversalPrint(rhs_, os);
+    UniversalPrint(expected_, os);
   }
 
   template <typename LhsContainer>
@@ -7020,7 +7371,7 @@
         LhsView;
     typedef typename LhsView::type LhsStlContainer;
     StlContainerReference lhs_stl_container = LhsView::ConstReference(lhs);
-    if (lhs_stl_container == rhs_)
+    if (lhs_stl_container == expected_)
       return true;
 
     ::std::ostream* const os = listener->stream();
@@ -7030,8 +7381,8 @@
       for (typename LhsStlContainer::const_iterator it =
                lhs_stl_container.begin();
            it != lhs_stl_container.end(); ++it) {
-        if (internal::ArrayAwareFind(rhs_.begin(), rhs_.end(), *it) ==
-            rhs_.end()) {
+        if (internal::ArrayAwareFind(expected_.begin(), expected_.end(), *it) ==
+            expected_.end()) {
           if (printed_header) {
             *os << ", ";
           } else {
@@ -7044,8 +7395,8 @@
 
       // Now check for missing values.
       bool printed_header2 = false;
-      for (typename StlContainer::const_iterator it = rhs_.begin();
-           it != rhs_.end(); ++it) {
+      for (typename StlContainer::const_iterator it = expected_.begin();
+           it != expected_.end(); ++it) {
         if (internal::ArrayAwareFind(
                 lhs_stl_container.begin(), lhs_stl_container.end(), *it) ==
             lhs_stl_container.end()) {
@@ -7065,7 +7416,7 @@
   }
 
  private:
-  const StlContainer rhs_;
+  const StlContainer expected_;
 
   GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_(ContainerEqMatcher);
 };
@@ -7191,7 +7542,7 @@
     // reference, as they may be expensive to copy.  We must use tuple
     // instead of pair here, as a pair cannot hold references (C++ 98,
     // 20.2.2 [lib.pairs]).
-    typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<const LhsValue&, const RhsValue&> InnerMatcherArg;
+    typedef ::testing::tuple<const LhsValue&, const RhsValue&> InnerMatcherArg;
 
     Impl(const TupleMatcher& tuple_matcher, const RhsStlContainer& rhs)
         // mono_tuple_matcher_ holds a monomorphic version of the tuple matcher.
@@ -7928,7 +8279,7 @@
     typedef typename View::value_type Element;
     typedef ::std::vector<Matcher<const Element&> > MatcherVec;
     MatcherVec matchers;
-    matchers.reserve(::std::tr1::tuple_size<MatcherTuple>::value);
+    matchers.reserve(::testing::tuple_size<MatcherTuple>::value);
     TransformTupleValues(CastAndAppendTransform<const Element&>(), matchers_,
                          ::std::back_inserter(matchers));
     return MakeMatcher(new UnorderedElementsAreMatcherImpl<Container>(
@@ -7953,7 +8304,7 @@
     typedef typename View::value_type Element;
     typedef ::std::vector<Matcher<const Element&> > MatcherVec;
     MatcherVec matchers;
-    matchers.reserve(::std::tr1::tuple_size<MatcherTuple>::value);
+    matchers.reserve(::testing::tuple_size<MatcherTuple>::value);
     TransformTupleValues(CastAndAppendTransform<const Element&>(), matchers_,
                          ::std::back_inserter(matchers));
     return MakeMatcher(new ElementsAreMatcherImpl<Container>(
@@ -8007,6 +8358,81 @@
   GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_(ElementsAreArrayMatcher);
 };
 
+// Given a 2-tuple matcher tm of type Tuple2Matcher and a value second
+// of type Second, BoundSecondMatcher<Tuple2Matcher, Second>(tm,
+// second) is a polymorphic matcher that matches a value x iff tm
+// matches tuple (x, second).  Useful for implementing
+// UnorderedPointwise() in terms of UnorderedElementsAreArray().
+//
+// BoundSecondMatcher is copyable and assignable, as we need to put
+// instances of this class in a vector when implementing
+// UnorderedPointwise().
+template <typename Tuple2Matcher, typename Second>
+class BoundSecondMatcher {
+ public:
+  BoundSecondMatcher(const Tuple2Matcher& tm, const Second& second)
+      : tuple2_matcher_(tm), second_value_(second) {}
+
+  template <typename T>
+  operator Matcher<T>() const {
+    return MakeMatcher(new Impl<T>(tuple2_matcher_, second_value_));
+  }
+
+  // We have to define this for UnorderedPointwise() to compile in
+  // C++98 mode, as it puts BoundSecondMatcher instances in a vector,
+  // which requires the elements to be assignable in C++98.  The
+  // compiler cannot generate the operator= for us, as Tuple2Matcher
+  // and Second may not be assignable.
+  //
+  // However, this should never be called, so the implementation just
+  // need to assert.
+  void operator=(const BoundSecondMatcher& /*rhs*/) {
+    GTEST_LOG_(FATAL) << "BoundSecondMatcher should never be assigned.";
+  }
+
+ private:
+  template <typename T>
+  class Impl : public MatcherInterface<T> {
+   public:
+    typedef ::testing::tuple<T, Second> ArgTuple;
+
+    Impl(const Tuple2Matcher& tm, const Second& second)
+        : mono_tuple2_matcher_(SafeMatcherCast<const ArgTuple&>(tm)),
+          second_value_(second) {}
+
+    virtual void DescribeTo(::std::ostream* os) const {
+      *os << "and ";
+      UniversalPrint(second_value_, os);
+      *os << " ";
+      mono_tuple2_matcher_.DescribeTo(os);
+    }
+
+    virtual bool MatchAndExplain(T x, MatchResultListener* listener) const {
+      return mono_tuple2_matcher_.MatchAndExplain(ArgTuple(x, second_value_),
+                                                  listener);
+    }
+
+   private:
+    const Matcher<const ArgTuple&> mono_tuple2_matcher_;
+    const Second second_value_;
+
+    GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_(Impl);
+  };
+
+  const Tuple2Matcher tuple2_matcher_;
+  const Second second_value_;
+};
+
+// Given a 2-tuple matcher tm and a value second,
+// MatcherBindSecond(tm, second) returns a matcher that matches a
+// value x iff tm matches tuple (x, second).  Useful for implementing
+// UnorderedPointwise() in terms of UnorderedElementsAreArray().
+template <typename Tuple2Matcher, typename Second>
+BoundSecondMatcher<Tuple2Matcher, Second> MatcherBindSecond(
+    const Tuple2Matcher& tm, const Second& second) {
+  return BoundSecondMatcher<Tuple2Matcher, Second>(tm, second);
+}
+
 // Returns the description for a matcher defined using the MATCHER*()
 // macro where the user-supplied description string is "", if
 // 'negation' is false; otherwise returns the description of the
@@ -8021,7 +8447,7 @@
 // ElementsAreArray(first, last)
 // ElementsAreArray(pointer, count)
 // ElementsAreArray(array)
-// ElementsAreArray(vector)
+// ElementsAreArray(container)
 // ElementsAreArray({ e1, e2, ..., en })
 //
 // The ElementsAreArray() functions are like ElementsAre(...), except
@@ -8053,10 +8479,10 @@
   return ElementsAreArray(array, N);
 }
 
-template <typename T, typename A>
-inline internal::ElementsAreArrayMatcher<T> ElementsAreArray(
-    const ::std::vector<T, A>& vec) {
-  return ElementsAreArray(vec.begin(), vec.end());
+template <typename Container>
+inline internal::ElementsAreArrayMatcher<typename Container::value_type>
+ElementsAreArray(const Container& container) {
+  return ElementsAreArray(container.begin(), container.end());
 }
 
 #if GTEST_HAS_STD_INITIALIZER_LIST_
@@ -8070,7 +8496,7 @@
 // UnorderedElementsAreArray(first, last)
 // UnorderedElementsAreArray(pointer, count)
 // UnorderedElementsAreArray(array)
-// UnorderedElementsAreArray(vector)
+// UnorderedElementsAreArray(container)
 // UnorderedElementsAreArray({ e1, e2, ..., en })
 //
 // The UnorderedElementsAreArray() functions are like
@@ -8095,10 +8521,11 @@
   return UnorderedElementsAreArray(array, N);
 }
 
-template <typename T, typename A>
-inline internal::UnorderedElementsAreArrayMatcher<T>
-UnorderedElementsAreArray(const ::std::vector<T, A>& vec) {
-  return UnorderedElementsAreArray(vec.begin(), vec.end());
+template <typename Container>
+inline internal::UnorderedElementsAreArrayMatcher<
+    typename Container::value_type>
+UnorderedElementsAreArray(const Container& container) {
+  return UnorderedElementsAreArray(container.begin(), container.end());
 }
 
 #if GTEST_HAS_STD_INITIALIZER_LIST_
@@ -8266,6 +8693,19 @@
   return internal::PointeeMatcher<InnerMatcher>(inner_matcher);
 }
 
+// Creates a matcher that matches a pointer or reference that matches
+// inner_matcher when dynamic_cast<To> is applied.
+// The result of dynamic_cast<To> is forwarded to the inner matcher.
+// If To is a pointer and the cast fails, the inner matcher will receive NULL.
+// If To is a reference and the cast fails, this matcher returns false
+// immediately.
+template <typename To>
+inline PolymorphicMatcher<internal::WhenDynamicCastToMatcher<To> >
+WhenDynamicCastTo(const Matcher<To>& inner_matcher) {
+  return MakePolymorphicMatcher(
+      internal::WhenDynamicCastToMatcher<To>(inner_matcher));
+}
+
 // Creates a matcher that matches an object whose given field matches
 // 'matcher'.  For example,
 //   Field(&Foo::number, Ge(5))
@@ -8508,6 +8948,17 @@
   return internal::SizeIsMatcher<SizeMatcher>(size_matcher);
 }
 
+// Returns a matcher that matches the distance between the container's begin()
+// iterator and its end() iterator, i.e. the size of the container. This matcher
+// can be used instead of SizeIs with containers such as std::forward_list which
+// do not implement size(). The container must provide const_iterator (with
+// valid iterator_traits), begin() and end().
+template <typename DistanceMatcher>
+inline internal::BeginEndDistanceIsMatcher<DistanceMatcher>
+BeginEndDistanceIs(const DistanceMatcher& distance_matcher) {
+  return internal::BeginEndDistanceIsMatcher<DistanceMatcher>(distance_matcher);
+}
+
 // Returns a matcher that matches an equal container.
 // This matcher behaves like Eq(), but in the event of mismatch lists the
 // values that are included in one container but not the other. (Duplicate
@@ -8554,12 +9005,80 @@
                                   GTEST_REMOVE_CONST_(Container)>
 Pointwise(const TupleMatcher& tuple_matcher, const Container& rhs) {
   // This following line is for working around a bug in MSVC 8.0,
-  // which causes Container to be a const type sometimes.
+  // which causes Container to be a const type sometimes (e.g. when
+  // rhs is a const int[])..
   typedef GTEST_REMOVE_CONST_(Container) RawContainer;
   return internal::PointwiseMatcher<TupleMatcher, RawContainer>(
       tuple_matcher, rhs);
 }
 
+#if GTEST_HAS_STD_INITIALIZER_LIST_
+
+// Supports the Pointwise(m, {a, b, c}) syntax.
+template <typename TupleMatcher, typename T>
+inline internal::PointwiseMatcher<TupleMatcher, std::vector<T> > Pointwise(
+    const TupleMatcher& tuple_matcher, std::initializer_list<T> rhs) {
+  return Pointwise(tuple_matcher, std::vector<T>(rhs));
+}
+
+#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_INITIALIZER_LIST_
+
+// UnorderedPointwise(pair_matcher, rhs) matches an STL-style
+// container or a native array that contains the same number of
+// elements as in rhs, where in some permutation of the container, its
+// i-th element and rhs's i-th element (as a pair) satisfy the given
+// pair matcher, for all i.  Tuple2Matcher must be able to be safely
+// cast to Matcher<tuple<const T1&, const T2&> >, where T1 and T2 are
+// the types of elements in the LHS container and the RHS container
+// respectively.
+//
+// This is like Pointwise(pair_matcher, rhs), except that the element
+// order doesn't matter.
+template <typename Tuple2Matcher, typename RhsContainer>
+inline internal::UnorderedElementsAreArrayMatcher<
+    typename internal::BoundSecondMatcher<
+        Tuple2Matcher, typename internal::StlContainerView<GTEST_REMOVE_CONST_(
+                           RhsContainer)>::type::value_type> >
+UnorderedPointwise(const Tuple2Matcher& tuple2_matcher,
+                   const RhsContainer& rhs_container) {
+  // This following line is for working around a bug in MSVC 8.0,
+  // which causes RhsContainer to be a const type sometimes (e.g. when
+  // rhs_container is a const int[]).
+  typedef GTEST_REMOVE_CONST_(RhsContainer) RawRhsContainer;
+
+  // RhsView allows the same code to handle RhsContainer being a
+  // STL-style container and it being a native C-style array.
+  typedef typename internal::StlContainerView<RawRhsContainer> RhsView;
+  typedef typename RhsView::type RhsStlContainer;
+  typedef typename RhsStlContainer::value_type Second;
+  const RhsStlContainer& rhs_stl_container =
+      RhsView::ConstReference(rhs_container);
+
+  // Create a matcher for each element in rhs_container.
+  ::std::vector<internal::BoundSecondMatcher<Tuple2Matcher, Second> > matchers;
+  for (typename RhsStlContainer::const_iterator it = rhs_stl_container.begin();
+       it != rhs_stl_container.end(); ++it) {
+    matchers.push_back(
+        internal::MatcherBindSecond(tuple2_matcher, *it));
+  }
+
+  // Delegate the work to UnorderedElementsAreArray().
+  return UnorderedElementsAreArray(matchers);
+}
+
+#if GTEST_HAS_STD_INITIALIZER_LIST_
+
+// Supports the UnorderedPointwise(m, {a, b, c}) syntax.
+template <typename Tuple2Matcher, typename T>
+inline internal::UnorderedElementsAreArrayMatcher<
+    typename internal::BoundSecondMatcher<Tuple2Matcher, T> >
+UnorderedPointwise(const Tuple2Matcher& tuple2_matcher,
+                   std::initializer_list<T> rhs) {
+  return UnorderedPointwise(tuple2_matcher, std::vector<T>(rhs));
+}
+
+#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_INITIALIZER_LIST_
+
 // Matches an STL-style container or a native array that contains at
 // least one element matching the given value or matcher.
 //
@@ -8692,6 +9211,48 @@
 
 }  // namespace testing
 
+// Include any custom callback matchers added by the local installation.
+// We must include this header at the end to make sure it can use the
+// declarations from this file.
+// Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+// met:
+//
+//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+// distribution.
+//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+// this software without specific prior written permission.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+//
+// ============================================================
+// An installation-specific extension point for gmock-matchers.h.
+// ============================================================
+//
+// Adds google3 callback support to CallableTraits.
+//
+#ifndef GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_CALLBACK_MATCHERS_H_
+#define GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_CALLBACK_MATCHERS_H_
+
+#endif  //  GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_CALLBACK_MATCHERS_H_
 #endif  // GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_MATCHERS_H_
 
 namespace testing {
@@ -9920,14 +10481,13 @@
  public:
   // Constructs a wrapper from the given value/reference.
   explicit ReferenceOrValueWrapper(T value)
-      : value_(GTEST_MOVE_(value)) {}
+      : value_(::testing::internal::move(value)) {
+  }
 
   // Unwraps and returns the underlying value/reference, exactly as
   // originally passed. The behavior of calling this more than once on
   // the same object is unspecified.
-  T Unwrap() {
-    return GTEST_MOVE_(value_);
-  }
+  T Unwrap() { return ::testing::internal::move(value_); }
 
   // Provides nondestructive access to the underlying value/reference.
   // Always returns a const reference (more precisely,
@@ -10025,7 +10585,8 @@
   typedef ReferenceOrValueWrapper<T> Wrapper;
 
   explicit ActionResultHolder(Wrapper result)
-      : result_(GTEST_MOVE_(result)) {}
+      : result_(::testing::internal::move(result)) {
+  }
 
   Wrapper result_;
 
@@ -10463,6 +11024,10 @@
 
 #endif  // GMOCK_INCLUDE_GMOCK_GMOCK_SPEC_BUILDERS_H_
 
+#if GTEST_HAS_STD_FUNCTION_
+# include <functional>
+#endif
+
 namespace testing {
 namespace internal {
 
@@ -10505,7 +11070,7 @@
   typedef typename internal::Function<F>::ArgumentTuple ArgumentTuple;
 
   MockSpec<F>& With(const Matcher<A1>& m1) {
-    this->current_spec().SetMatchers(::std::tr1::make_tuple(m1));
+    this->current_spec().SetMatchers(::testing::make_tuple(m1));
     return this->current_spec();
   }
 
@@ -10526,7 +11091,7 @@
   typedef typename internal::Function<F>::ArgumentTuple ArgumentTuple;
 
   MockSpec<F>& With(const Matcher<A1>& m1, const Matcher<A2>& m2) {
-    this->current_spec().SetMatchers(::std::tr1::make_tuple(m1, m2));
+    this->current_spec().SetMatchers(::testing::make_tuple(m1, m2));
     return this->current_spec();
   }
 
@@ -10548,7 +11113,7 @@
 
   MockSpec<F>& With(const Matcher<A1>& m1, const Matcher<A2>& m2,
       const Matcher<A3>& m3) {
-    this->current_spec().SetMatchers(::std::tr1::make_tuple(m1, m2, m3));
+    this->current_spec().SetMatchers(::testing::make_tuple(m1, m2, m3));
     return this->current_spec();
   }
 
@@ -10570,7 +11135,7 @@
 
   MockSpec<F>& With(const Matcher<A1>& m1, const Matcher<A2>& m2,
       const Matcher<A3>& m3, const Matcher<A4>& m4) {
-    this->current_spec().SetMatchers(::std::tr1::make_tuple(m1, m2, m3, m4));
+    this->current_spec().SetMatchers(::testing::make_tuple(m1, m2, m3, m4));
     return this->current_spec();
   }
 
@@ -10593,8 +11158,7 @@
 
   MockSpec<F>& With(const Matcher<A1>& m1, const Matcher<A2>& m2,
       const Matcher<A3>& m3, const Matcher<A4>& m4, const Matcher<A5>& m5) {
-    this->current_spec().SetMatchers(::std::tr1::make_tuple(m1, m2, m3, m4,
-        m5));
+    this->current_spec().SetMatchers(::testing::make_tuple(m1, m2, m3, m4, m5));
     return this->current_spec();
   }
 
@@ -10618,7 +11182,7 @@
   MockSpec<F>& With(const Matcher<A1>& m1, const Matcher<A2>& m2,
       const Matcher<A3>& m3, const Matcher<A4>& m4, const Matcher<A5>& m5,
       const Matcher<A6>& m6) {
-    this->current_spec().SetMatchers(::std::tr1::make_tuple(m1, m2, m3, m4, m5,
+    this->current_spec().SetMatchers(::testing::make_tuple(m1, m2, m3, m4, m5,
         m6));
     return this->current_spec();
   }
@@ -10643,7 +11207,7 @@
   MockSpec<F>& With(const Matcher<A1>& m1, const Matcher<A2>& m2,
       const Matcher<A3>& m3, const Matcher<A4>& m4, const Matcher<A5>& m5,
       const Matcher<A6>& m6, const Matcher<A7>& m7) {
-    this->current_spec().SetMatchers(::std::tr1::make_tuple(m1, m2, m3, m4, m5,
+    this->current_spec().SetMatchers(::testing::make_tuple(m1, m2, m3, m4, m5,
         m6, m7));
     return this->current_spec();
   }
@@ -10668,7 +11232,7 @@
   MockSpec<F>& With(const Matcher<A1>& m1, const Matcher<A2>& m2,
       const Matcher<A3>& m3, const Matcher<A4>& m4, const Matcher<A5>& m5,
       const Matcher<A6>& m6, const Matcher<A7>& m7, const Matcher<A8>& m8) {
-    this->current_spec().SetMatchers(::std::tr1::make_tuple(m1, m2, m3, m4, m5,
+    this->current_spec().SetMatchers(::testing::make_tuple(m1, m2, m3, m4, m5,
         m6, m7, m8));
     return this->current_spec();
   }
@@ -10694,7 +11258,7 @@
       const Matcher<A3>& m3, const Matcher<A4>& m4, const Matcher<A5>& m5,
       const Matcher<A6>& m6, const Matcher<A7>& m7, const Matcher<A8>& m8,
       const Matcher<A9>& m9) {
-    this->current_spec().SetMatchers(::std::tr1::make_tuple(m1, m2, m3, m4, m5,
+    this->current_spec().SetMatchers(::testing::make_tuple(m1, m2, m3, m4, m5,
         m6, m7, m8, m9));
     return this->current_spec();
   }
@@ -10721,7 +11285,7 @@
       const Matcher<A3>& m3, const Matcher<A4>& m4, const Matcher<A5>& m5,
       const Matcher<A6>& m6, const Matcher<A7>& m7, const Matcher<A8>& m8,
       const Matcher<A9>& m9, const Matcher<A10>& m10) {
-    this->current_spec().SetMatchers(::std::tr1::make_tuple(m1, m2, m3, m4, m5,
+    this->current_spec().SetMatchers(::testing::make_tuple(m1, m2, m3, m4, m5,
         m6, m7, m8, m9, m10));
     return this->current_spec();
   }
@@ -10773,7 +11337,7 @@
 #define GMOCK_METHOD0_(tn, constness, ct, Method, ...) \
   GMOCK_RESULT_(tn, __VA_ARGS__) ct Method( \
       ) constness { \
-    GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_((::std::tr1::tuple_size<                          \
+    GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_((::testing::tuple_size<                          \
         tn ::testing::internal::Function<__VA_ARGS__>::ArgumentTuple>::value \
             == 0), \
         this_method_does_not_take_0_arguments); \
@@ -10792,7 +11356,7 @@
 #define GMOCK_METHOD1_(tn, constness, ct, Method, ...) \
   GMOCK_RESULT_(tn, __VA_ARGS__) ct Method( \
       GMOCK_ARG_(tn, 1, __VA_ARGS__) gmock_a1) constness { \
-    GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_((::std::tr1::tuple_size<                          \
+    GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_((::testing::tuple_size<                          \
         tn ::testing::internal::Function<__VA_ARGS__>::ArgumentTuple>::value \
             == 1), \
         this_method_does_not_take_1_argument); \
@@ -10812,7 +11376,7 @@
   GMOCK_RESULT_(tn, __VA_ARGS__) ct Method( \
       GMOCK_ARG_(tn, 1, __VA_ARGS__) gmock_a1, \
       GMOCK_ARG_(tn, 2, __VA_ARGS__) gmock_a2) constness { \
-    GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_((::std::tr1::tuple_size<                          \
+    GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_((::testing::tuple_size<                          \
         tn ::testing::internal::Function<__VA_ARGS__>::ArgumentTuple>::value \
             == 2), \
         this_method_does_not_take_2_arguments); \
@@ -10834,7 +11398,7 @@
       GMOCK_ARG_(tn, 1, __VA_ARGS__) gmock_a1, \
       GMOCK_ARG_(tn, 2, __VA_ARGS__) gmock_a2, \
       GMOCK_ARG_(tn, 3, __VA_ARGS__) gmock_a3) constness { \
-    GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_((::std::tr1::tuple_size<                          \
+    GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_((::testing::tuple_size<                          \
         tn ::testing::internal::Function<__VA_ARGS__>::ArgumentTuple>::value \
             == 3), \
         this_method_does_not_take_3_arguments); \
@@ -10860,7 +11424,7 @@
       GMOCK_ARG_(tn, 2, __VA_ARGS__) gmock_a2, \
       GMOCK_ARG_(tn, 3, __VA_ARGS__) gmock_a3, \
       GMOCK_ARG_(tn, 4, __VA_ARGS__) gmock_a4) constness { \
-    GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_((::std::tr1::tuple_size<                          \
+    GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_((::testing::tuple_size<                          \
         tn ::testing::internal::Function<__VA_ARGS__>::ArgumentTuple>::value \
             == 4), \
         this_method_does_not_take_4_arguments); \
@@ -10888,7 +11452,7 @@
       GMOCK_ARG_(tn, 3, __VA_ARGS__) gmock_a3, \
       GMOCK_ARG_(tn, 4, __VA_ARGS__) gmock_a4, \
       GMOCK_ARG_(tn, 5, __VA_ARGS__) gmock_a5) constness { \
-    GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_((::std::tr1::tuple_size<                          \
+    GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_((::testing::tuple_size<                          \
         tn ::testing::internal::Function<__VA_ARGS__>::ArgumentTuple>::value \
             == 5), \
         this_method_does_not_take_5_arguments); \
@@ -10918,7 +11482,7 @@
       GMOCK_ARG_(tn, 4, __VA_ARGS__) gmock_a4, \
       GMOCK_ARG_(tn, 5, __VA_ARGS__) gmock_a5, \
       GMOCK_ARG_(tn, 6, __VA_ARGS__) gmock_a6) constness { \
-    GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_((::std::tr1::tuple_size<                          \
+    GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_((::testing::tuple_size<                          \
         tn ::testing::internal::Function<__VA_ARGS__>::ArgumentTuple>::value \
             == 6), \
         this_method_does_not_take_6_arguments); \
@@ -10950,7 +11514,7 @@
       GMOCK_ARG_(tn, 5, __VA_ARGS__) gmock_a5, \
       GMOCK_ARG_(tn, 6, __VA_ARGS__) gmock_a6, \
       GMOCK_ARG_(tn, 7, __VA_ARGS__) gmock_a7) constness { \
-    GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_((::std::tr1::tuple_size<                          \
+    GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_((::testing::tuple_size<                          \
         tn ::testing::internal::Function<__VA_ARGS__>::ArgumentTuple>::value \
             == 7), \
         this_method_does_not_take_7_arguments); \
@@ -10984,7 +11548,7 @@
       GMOCK_ARG_(tn, 6, __VA_ARGS__) gmock_a6, \
       GMOCK_ARG_(tn, 7, __VA_ARGS__) gmock_a7, \
       GMOCK_ARG_(tn, 8, __VA_ARGS__) gmock_a8) constness { \
-    GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_((::std::tr1::tuple_size<                          \
+    GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_((::testing::tuple_size<                          \
         tn ::testing::internal::Function<__VA_ARGS__>::ArgumentTuple>::value \
             == 8), \
         this_method_does_not_take_8_arguments); \
@@ -11020,7 +11584,7 @@
       GMOCK_ARG_(tn, 7, __VA_ARGS__) gmock_a7, \
       GMOCK_ARG_(tn, 8, __VA_ARGS__) gmock_a8, \
       GMOCK_ARG_(tn, 9, __VA_ARGS__) gmock_a9) constness { \
-    GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_((::std::tr1::tuple_size<                          \
+    GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_((::testing::tuple_size<                          \
         tn ::testing::internal::Function<__VA_ARGS__>::ArgumentTuple>::value \
             == 9), \
         this_method_does_not_take_9_arguments); \
@@ -11060,7 +11624,7 @@
       GMOCK_ARG_(tn, 8, __VA_ARGS__) gmock_a8, \
       GMOCK_ARG_(tn, 9, __VA_ARGS__) gmock_a9, \
       GMOCK_ARG_(tn, 10, __VA_ARGS__) gmock_a10) constness { \
-    GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_((::std::tr1::tuple_size<                          \
+    GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_((::testing::tuple_size<                          \
         tn ::testing::internal::Function<__VA_ARGS__>::ArgumentTuple>::value \
             == 10), \
         this_method_does_not_take_10_arguments); \
@@ -11275,6 +11839,17 @@
 // point "2", and nothing should happen between the two check
 // points. The explicit check points make it easy to tell which
 // Bar("a") is called by which call to Foo().
+//
+// MockFunction<F> can also be used to exercise code that accepts
+// std::function<F> callbacks. To do so, use AsStdFunction() method
+// to create std::function proxy forwarding to original object's Call.
+// Example:
+//
+// TEST(FooTest, RunsCallbackWithBarArgument) {
+//   MockFunction<int(string)> callback;
+//   EXPECT_CALL(callback, Call("bar")).WillOnce(Return(1));
+//   Foo(callback.AsStdFunction());
+// }
 template <typename F>
 class MockFunction;
 
@@ -11285,6 +11860,14 @@
 
   MOCK_METHOD0_T(Call, R());
 
+#if GTEST_HAS_STD_FUNCTION_
+  std::function<R()> AsStdFunction() {
+    return [this]() -> R {
+      return this->Call();
+    };
+  }
+#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_FUNCTION_
+
  private:
   GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(MockFunction);
 };
@@ -11296,6 +11879,14 @@
 
   MOCK_METHOD1_T(Call, R(A0));
 
+#if GTEST_HAS_STD_FUNCTION_
+  std::function<R(A0)> AsStdFunction() {
+    return [this](A0 a0) -> R {
+      return this->Call(a0);
+    };
+  }
+#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_FUNCTION_
+
  private:
   GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(MockFunction);
 };
@@ -11307,6 +11898,14 @@
 
   MOCK_METHOD2_T(Call, R(A0, A1));
 
+#if GTEST_HAS_STD_FUNCTION_
+  std::function<R(A0, A1)> AsStdFunction() {
+    return [this](A0 a0, A1 a1) -> R {
+      return this->Call(a0, a1);
+    };
+  }
+#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_FUNCTION_
+
  private:
   GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(MockFunction);
 };
@@ -11318,6 +11917,14 @@
 
   MOCK_METHOD3_T(Call, R(A0, A1, A2));
 
+#if GTEST_HAS_STD_FUNCTION_
+  std::function<R(A0, A1, A2)> AsStdFunction() {
+    return [this](A0 a0, A1 a1, A2 a2) -> R {
+      return this->Call(a0, a1, a2);
+    };
+  }
+#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_FUNCTION_
+
  private:
   GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(MockFunction);
 };
@@ -11329,6 +11936,14 @@
 
   MOCK_METHOD4_T(Call, R(A0, A1, A2, A3));
 
+#if GTEST_HAS_STD_FUNCTION_
+  std::function<R(A0, A1, A2, A3)> AsStdFunction() {
+    return [this](A0 a0, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3) -> R {
+      return this->Call(a0, a1, a2, a3);
+    };
+  }
+#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_FUNCTION_
+
  private:
   GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(MockFunction);
 };
@@ -11341,6 +11956,14 @@
 
   MOCK_METHOD5_T(Call, R(A0, A1, A2, A3, A4));
 
+#if GTEST_HAS_STD_FUNCTION_
+  std::function<R(A0, A1, A2, A3, A4)> AsStdFunction() {
+    return [this](A0 a0, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3, A4 a4) -> R {
+      return this->Call(a0, a1, a2, a3, a4);
+    };
+  }
+#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_FUNCTION_
+
  private:
   GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(MockFunction);
 };
@@ -11353,6 +11976,14 @@
 
   MOCK_METHOD6_T(Call, R(A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5));
 
+#if GTEST_HAS_STD_FUNCTION_
+  std::function<R(A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5)> AsStdFunction() {
+    return [this](A0 a0, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3, A4 a4, A5 a5) -> R {
+      return this->Call(a0, a1, a2, a3, a4, a5);
+    };
+  }
+#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_FUNCTION_
+
  private:
   GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(MockFunction);
 };
@@ -11365,6 +11996,14 @@
 
   MOCK_METHOD7_T(Call, R(A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6));
 
+#if GTEST_HAS_STD_FUNCTION_
+  std::function<R(A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6)> AsStdFunction() {
+    return [this](A0 a0, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3, A4 a4, A5 a5, A6 a6) -> R {
+      return this->Call(a0, a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6);
+    };
+  }
+#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_FUNCTION_
+
  private:
   GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(MockFunction);
 };
@@ -11377,6 +12016,14 @@
 
   MOCK_METHOD8_T(Call, R(A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7));
 
+#if GTEST_HAS_STD_FUNCTION_
+  std::function<R(A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7)> AsStdFunction() {
+    return [this](A0 a0, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3, A4 a4, A5 a5, A6 a6, A7 a7) -> R {
+      return this->Call(a0, a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7);
+    };
+  }
+#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_FUNCTION_
+
  private:
   GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(MockFunction);
 };
@@ -11389,6 +12036,15 @@
 
   MOCK_METHOD9_T(Call, R(A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8));
 
+#if GTEST_HAS_STD_FUNCTION_
+  std::function<R(A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8)> AsStdFunction() {
+    return [this](A0 a0, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3, A4 a4, A5 a5, A6 a6, A7 a7,
+        A8 a8) -> R {
+      return this->Call(a0, a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8);
+    };
+  }
+#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_FUNCTION_
+
  private:
   GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(MockFunction);
 };
@@ -11402,6 +12058,15 @@
 
   MOCK_METHOD10_T(Call, R(A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9));
 
+#if GTEST_HAS_STD_FUNCTION_
+  std::function<R(A0, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8, A9)> AsStdFunction() {
+    return [this](A0 a0, A1 a1, A2 a2, A3 a3, A4 a4, A5 a5, A6 a6, A7 a7,
+        A8 a8, A9 a9) -> R {
+      return this->Call(a0, a1, a2, a3, a4, a5, a6, a7, a8, a9);
+    };
+  }
+#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_FUNCTION_
+
  private:
   GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(MockFunction);
 };
@@ -11854,7 +12519,7 @@
 
 // The type of the i-th (0-based) field of Tuple.
 #define GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, i) \
-    typename ::std::tr1::tuple_element<i, Tuple>::type
+    typename ::testing::tuple_element<i, Tuple>::type
 
 // TupleFields<Tuple, k0, ..., kn> is for selecting fields from a
 // tuple of type Tuple.  It has two members:
@@ -11877,14 +12542,13 @@
     int k7, int k8, int k9>
 class TupleFields {
  public:
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k0),
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k0),
       GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k1), GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k2),
       GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k3), GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k4),
       GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k5), GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k6),
       GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k7), GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k8),
       GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k9)> type;
   static type GetSelectedFields(const Tuple& t) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
     return type(get<k0>(t), get<k1>(t), get<k2>(t), get<k3>(t), get<k4>(t),
         get<k5>(t), get<k6>(t), get<k7>(t), get<k8>(t), get<k9>(t));
   }
@@ -11895,9 +12559,8 @@
 template <class Tuple>
 class TupleFields<Tuple, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1> {
  public:
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<> type;
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<> type;
   static type GetSelectedFields(const Tuple& /* t */) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
     return type();
   }
 };
@@ -11905,9 +12568,8 @@
 template <class Tuple, int k0>
 class TupleFields<Tuple, k0, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1> {
  public:
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k0)> type;
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k0)> type;
   static type GetSelectedFields(const Tuple& t) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
     return type(get<k0>(t));
   }
 };
@@ -11915,10 +12577,9 @@
 template <class Tuple, int k0, int k1>
 class TupleFields<Tuple, k0, k1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1> {
  public:
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k0),
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k0),
       GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k1)> type;
   static type GetSelectedFields(const Tuple& t) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
     return type(get<k0>(t), get<k1>(t));
   }
 };
@@ -11926,10 +12587,9 @@
 template <class Tuple, int k0, int k1, int k2>
 class TupleFields<Tuple, k0, k1, k2, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1> {
  public:
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k0),
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k0),
       GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k1), GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k2)> type;
   static type GetSelectedFields(const Tuple& t) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
     return type(get<k0>(t), get<k1>(t), get<k2>(t));
   }
 };
@@ -11937,11 +12597,10 @@
 template <class Tuple, int k0, int k1, int k2, int k3>
 class TupleFields<Tuple, k0, k1, k2, k3, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1> {
  public:
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k0),
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k0),
       GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k1), GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k2),
       GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k3)> type;
   static type GetSelectedFields(const Tuple& t) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
     return type(get<k0>(t), get<k1>(t), get<k2>(t), get<k3>(t));
   }
 };
@@ -11949,11 +12608,10 @@
 template <class Tuple, int k0, int k1, int k2, int k3, int k4>
 class TupleFields<Tuple, k0, k1, k2, k3, k4, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1> {
  public:
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k0),
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k0),
       GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k1), GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k2),
       GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k3), GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k4)> type;
   static type GetSelectedFields(const Tuple& t) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
     return type(get<k0>(t), get<k1>(t), get<k2>(t), get<k3>(t), get<k4>(t));
   }
 };
@@ -11961,12 +12619,11 @@
 template <class Tuple, int k0, int k1, int k2, int k3, int k4, int k5>
 class TupleFields<Tuple, k0, k1, k2, k3, k4, k5, -1, -1, -1, -1> {
  public:
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k0),
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k0),
       GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k1), GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k2),
       GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k3), GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k4),
       GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k5)> type;
   static type GetSelectedFields(const Tuple& t) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
     return type(get<k0>(t), get<k1>(t), get<k2>(t), get<k3>(t), get<k4>(t),
         get<k5>(t));
   }
@@ -11975,12 +12632,11 @@
 template <class Tuple, int k0, int k1, int k2, int k3, int k4, int k5, int k6>
 class TupleFields<Tuple, k0, k1, k2, k3, k4, k5, k6, -1, -1, -1> {
  public:
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k0),
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k0),
       GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k1), GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k2),
       GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k3), GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k4),
       GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k5), GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k6)> type;
   static type GetSelectedFields(const Tuple& t) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
     return type(get<k0>(t), get<k1>(t), get<k2>(t), get<k3>(t), get<k4>(t),
         get<k5>(t), get<k6>(t));
   }
@@ -11990,13 +12646,12 @@
     int k7>
 class TupleFields<Tuple, k0, k1, k2, k3, k4, k5, k6, k7, -1, -1> {
  public:
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k0),
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k0),
       GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k1), GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k2),
       GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k3), GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k4),
       GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k5), GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k6),
       GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k7)> type;
   static type GetSelectedFields(const Tuple& t) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
     return type(get<k0>(t), get<k1>(t), get<k2>(t), get<k3>(t), get<k4>(t),
         get<k5>(t), get<k6>(t), get<k7>(t));
   }
@@ -12006,13 +12661,12 @@
     int k7, int k8>
 class TupleFields<Tuple, k0, k1, k2, k3, k4, k5, k6, k7, k8, -1> {
  public:
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k0),
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k0),
       GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k1), GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k2),
       GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k3), GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k4),
       GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k5), GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k6),
       GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k7), GMOCK_FIELD_TYPE_(Tuple, k8)> type;
   static type GetSelectedFields(const Tuple& t) {
-    using ::std::tr1::get;
     return type(get<k0>(t), get<k1>(t), get<k2>(t), get<k3>(t), get<k4>(t),
         get<k5>(t), get<k6>(t), get<k7>(t), get<k8>(t));
   }
@@ -12382,29 +13036,29 @@
 // undefined (e.g. hash_map).
 
 inline internal::ElementsAreMatcher<
-    std::tr1::tuple<> >
+    ::testing::tuple<> >
 ElementsAre() {
-  typedef std::tr1::tuple<> Args;
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<> Args;
   return internal::ElementsAreMatcher<Args>(Args());
 }
 
 template <typename T1>
 inline internal::ElementsAreMatcher<
-    std::tr1::tuple<
+    ::testing::tuple<
         typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type> >
 ElementsAre(const T1& e1) {
-  typedef std::tr1::tuple<
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<
       typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type> Args;
   return internal::ElementsAreMatcher<Args>(Args(e1));
 }
 
 template <typename T1, typename T2>
 inline internal::ElementsAreMatcher<
-    std::tr1::tuple<
+    ::testing::tuple<
         typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type> >
 ElementsAre(const T1& e1, const T2& e2) {
-  typedef std::tr1::tuple<
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<
       typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
       typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type> Args;
   return internal::ElementsAreMatcher<Args>(Args(e1, e2));
@@ -12412,12 +13066,12 @@
 
 template <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3>
 inline internal::ElementsAreMatcher<
-    std::tr1::tuple<
+    ::testing::tuple<
         typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T3>::type> >
 ElementsAre(const T1& e1, const T2& e2, const T3& e3) {
-  typedef std::tr1::tuple<
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<
       typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
       typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type,
       typename internal::DecayArray<T3>::type> Args;
@@ -12426,13 +13080,13 @@
 
 template <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4>
 inline internal::ElementsAreMatcher<
-    std::tr1::tuple<
+    ::testing::tuple<
         typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T3>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T4>::type> >
 ElementsAre(const T1& e1, const T2& e2, const T3& e3, const T4& e4) {
-  typedef std::tr1::tuple<
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<
       typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
       typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type,
       typename internal::DecayArray<T3>::type,
@@ -12442,7 +13096,7 @@
 
 template <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5>
 inline internal::ElementsAreMatcher<
-    std::tr1::tuple<
+    ::testing::tuple<
         typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T3>::type,
@@ -12450,7 +13104,7 @@
         typename internal::DecayArray<T5>::type> >
 ElementsAre(const T1& e1, const T2& e2, const T3& e3, const T4& e4,
     const T5& e5) {
-  typedef std::tr1::tuple<
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<
       typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
       typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type,
       typename internal::DecayArray<T3>::type,
@@ -12462,7 +13116,7 @@
 template <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5,
     typename T6>
 inline internal::ElementsAreMatcher<
-    std::tr1::tuple<
+    ::testing::tuple<
         typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T3>::type,
@@ -12471,7 +13125,7 @@
         typename internal::DecayArray<T6>::type> >
 ElementsAre(const T1& e1, const T2& e2, const T3& e3, const T4& e4,
     const T5& e5, const T6& e6) {
-  typedef std::tr1::tuple<
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<
       typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
       typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type,
       typename internal::DecayArray<T3>::type,
@@ -12484,7 +13138,7 @@
 template <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5,
     typename T6, typename T7>
 inline internal::ElementsAreMatcher<
-    std::tr1::tuple<
+    ::testing::tuple<
         typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T3>::type,
@@ -12494,7 +13148,7 @@
         typename internal::DecayArray<T7>::type> >
 ElementsAre(const T1& e1, const T2& e2, const T3& e3, const T4& e4,
     const T5& e5, const T6& e6, const T7& e7) {
-  typedef std::tr1::tuple<
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<
       typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
       typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type,
       typename internal::DecayArray<T3>::type,
@@ -12508,7 +13162,7 @@
 template <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5,
     typename T6, typename T7, typename T8>
 inline internal::ElementsAreMatcher<
-    std::tr1::tuple<
+    ::testing::tuple<
         typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T3>::type,
@@ -12519,7 +13173,7 @@
         typename internal::DecayArray<T8>::type> >
 ElementsAre(const T1& e1, const T2& e2, const T3& e3, const T4& e4,
     const T5& e5, const T6& e6, const T7& e7, const T8& e8) {
-  typedef std::tr1::tuple<
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<
       typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
       typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type,
       typename internal::DecayArray<T3>::type,
@@ -12535,7 +13189,7 @@
 template <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5,
     typename T6, typename T7, typename T8, typename T9>
 inline internal::ElementsAreMatcher<
-    std::tr1::tuple<
+    ::testing::tuple<
         typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T3>::type,
@@ -12547,7 +13201,7 @@
         typename internal::DecayArray<T9>::type> >
 ElementsAre(const T1& e1, const T2& e2, const T3& e3, const T4& e4,
     const T5& e5, const T6& e6, const T7& e7, const T8& e8, const T9& e9) {
-  typedef std::tr1::tuple<
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<
       typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
       typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type,
       typename internal::DecayArray<T3>::type,
@@ -12564,7 +13218,7 @@
 template <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5,
     typename T6, typename T7, typename T8, typename T9, typename T10>
 inline internal::ElementsAreMatcher<
-    std::tr1::tuple<
+    ::testing::tuple<
         typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T3>::type,
@@ -12578,7 +13232,7 @@
 ElementsAre(const T1& e1, const T2& e2, const T3& e3, const T4& e4,
     const T5& e5, const T6& e6, const T7& e7, const T8& e8, const T9& e9,
     const T10& e10) {
-  typedef std::tr1::tuple<
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<
       typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
       typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type,
       typename internal::DecayArray<T3>::type,
@@ -12597,29 +13251,29 @@
 // that matches n elements in any order.  We support up to n=10 arguments.
 
 inline internal::UnorderedElementsAreMatcher<
-    std::tr1::tuple<> >
+    ::testing::tuple<> >
 UnorderedElementsAre() {
-  typedef std::tr1::tuple<> Args;
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<> Args;
   return internal::UnorderedElementsAreMatcher<Args>(Args());
 }
 
 template <typename T1>
 inline internal::UnorderedElementsAreMatcher<
-    std::tr1::tuple<
+    ::testing::tuple<
         typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type> >
 UnorderedElementsAre(const T1& e1) {
-  typedef std::tr1::tuple<
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<
       typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type> Args;
   return internal::UnorderedElementsAreMatcher<Args>(Args(e1));
 }
 
 template <typename T1, typename T2>
 inline internal::UnorderedElementsAreMatcher<
-    std::tr1::tuple<
+    ::testing::tuple<
         typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type> >
 UnorderedElementsAre(const T1& e1, const T2& e2) {
-  typedef std::tr1::tuple<
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<
       typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
       typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type> Args;
   return internal::UnorderedElementsAreMatcher<Args>(Args(e1, e2));
@@ -12627,12 +13281,12 @@
 
 template <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3>
 inline internal::UnorderedElementsAreMatcher<
-    std::tr1::tuple<
+    ::testing::tuple<
         typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T3>::type> >
 UnorderedElementsAre(const T1& e1, const T2& e2, const T3& e3) {
-  typedef std::tr1::tuple<
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<
       typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
       typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type,
       typename internal::DecayArray<T3>::type> Args;
@@ -12641,13 +13295,13 @@
 
 template <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4>
 inline internal::UnorderedElementsAreMatcher<
-    std::tr1::tuple<
+    ::testing::tuple<
         typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T3>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T4>::type> >
 UnorderedElementsAre(const T1& e1, const T2& e2, const T3& e3, const T4& e4) {
-  typedef std::tr1::tuple<
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<
       typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
       typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type,
       typename internal::DecayArray<T3>::type,
@@ -12657,7 +13311,7 @@
 
 template <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5>
 inline internal::UnorderedElementsAreMatcher<
-    std::tr1::tuple<
+    ::testing::tuple<
         typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T3>::type,
@@ -12665,7 +13319,7 @@
         typename internal::DecayArray<T5>::type> >
 UnorderedElementsAre(const T1& e1, const T2& e2, const T3& e3, const T4& e4,
     const T5& e5) {
-  typedef std::tr1::tuple<
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<
       typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
       typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type,
       typename internal::DecayArray<T3>::type,
@@ -12677,7 +13331,7 @@
 template <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5,
     typename T6>
 inline internal::UnorderedElementsAreMatcher<
-    std::tr1::tuple<
+    ::testing::tuple<
         typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T3>::type,
@@ -12686,7 +13340,7 @@
         typename internal::DecayArray<T6>::type> >
 UnorderedElementsAre(const T1& e1, const T2& e2, const T3& e3, const T4& e4,
     const T5& e5, const T6& e6) {
-  typedef std::tr1::tuple<
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<
       typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
       typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type,
       typename internal::DecayArray<T3>::type,
@@ -12700,7 +13354,7 @@
 template <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5,
     typename T6, typename T7>
 inline internal::UnorderedElementsAreMatcher<
-    std::tr1::tuple<
+    ::testing::tuple<
         typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T3>::type,
@@ -12710,7 +13364,7 @@
         typename internal::DecayArray<T7>::type> >
 UnorderedElementsAre(const T1& e1, const T2& e2, const T3& e3, const T4& e4,
     const T5& e5, const T6& e6, const T7& e7) {
-  typedef std::tr1::tuple<
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<
       typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
       typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type,
       typename internal::DecayArray<T3>::type,
@@ -12725,7 +13379,7 @@
 template <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5,
     typename T6, typename T7, typename T8>
 inline internal::UnorderedElementsAreMatcher<
-    std::tr1::tuple<
+    ::testing::tuple<
         typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T3>::type,
@@ -12736,7 +13390,7 @@
         typename internal::DecayArray<T8>::type> >
 UnorderedElementsAre(const T1& e1, const T2& e2, const T3& e3, const T4& e4,
     const T5& e5, const T6& e6, const T7& e7, const T8& e8) {
-  typedef std::tr1::tuple<
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<
       typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
       typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type,
       typename internal::DecayArray<T3>::type,
@@ -12752,7 +13406,7 @@
 template <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5,
     typename T6, typename T7, typename T8, typename T9>
 inline internal::UnorderedElementsAreMatcher<
-    std::tr1::tuple<
+    ::testing::tuple<
         typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T3>::type,
@@ -12764,7 +13418,7 @@
         typename internal::DecayArray<T9>::type> >
 UnorderedElementsAre(const T1& e1, const T2& e2, const T3& e3, const T4& e4,
     const T5& e5, const T6& e6, const T7& e7, const T8& e8, const T9& e9) {
-  typedef std::tr1::tuple<
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<
       typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
       typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type,
       typename internal::DecayArray<T3>::type,
@@ -12781,7 +13435,7 @@
 template <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5,
     typename T6, typename T7, typename T8, typename T9, typename T10>
 inline internal::UnorderedElementsAreMatcher<
-    std::tr1::tuple<
+    ::testing::tuple<
         typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type,
         typename internal::DecayArray<T3>::type,
@@ -12795,7 +13449,7 @@
 UnorderedElementsAre(const T1& e1, const T2& e2, const T3& e3, const T4& e4,
     const T5& e5, const T6& e6, const T7& e7, const T8& e8, const T9& e9,
     const T10& e10) {
-  typedef std::tr1::tuple<
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<
       typename internal::DecayArray<T1>::type,
       typename internal::DecayArray<T2>::type,
       typename internal::DecayArray<T3>::type,
@@ -13218,7 +13872,7 @@
         return ::testing::internal::FormatMatcherDescription(\
             negation, #name, \
             ::testing::internal::UniversalTersePrintTupleFieldsToStrings(\
-                ::std::tr1::tuple<>()));\
+                ::testing::tuple<>()));\
       }\
       GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_(gmock_Impl);\
     };\
@@ -13267,7 +13921,7 @@
         return ::testing::internal::FormatMatcherDescription(\
             negation, #name, \
             ::testing::internal::UniversalTersePrintTupleFieldsToStrings(\
-                ::std::tr1::tuple<p0##_type>(p0)));\
+                ::testing::tuple<p0##_type>(p0)));\
       }\
       GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_(gmock_Impl);\
     };\
@@ -13276,7 +13930,7 @@
       return ::testing::Matcher<arg_type>(\
           new gmock_Impl<arg_type>(p0));\
     }\
-    name##MatcherP(p0##_type gmock_p0) : p0(gmock_p0) {\
+    explicit name##MatcherP(p0##_type gmock_p0) : p0(gmock_p0) {\
     }\
     p0##_type p0;\
    private:\
@@ -13320,7 +13974,7 @@
         return ::testing::internal::FormatMatcherDescription(\
             negation, #name, \
             ::testing::internal::UniversalTersePrintTupleFieldsToStrings(\
-                ::std::tr1::tuple<p0##_type, p1##_type>(p0, p1)));\
+                ::testing::tuple<p0##_type, p1##_type>(p0, p1)));\
       }\
       GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_(gmock_Impl);\
     };\
@@ -13378,7 +14032,7 @@
         return ::testing::internal::FormatMatcherDescription(\
             negation, #name, \
             ::testing::internal::UniversalTersePrintTupleFieldsToStrings(\
-                ::std::tr1::tuple<p0##_type, p1##_type, p2##_type>(p0, p1, \
+                ::testing::tuple<p0##_type, p1##_type, p2##_type>(p0, p1, \
                     p2)));\
       }\
       GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_(gmock_Impl);\
@@ -13441,7 +14095,7 @@
         return ::testing::internal::FormatMatcherDescription(\
             negation, #name, \
             ::testing::internal::UniversalTersePrintTupleFieldsToStrings(\
-                ::std::tr1::tuple<p0##_type, p1##_type, p2##_type, \
+                ::testing::tuple<p0##_type, p1##_type, p2##_type, \
                     p3##_type>(p0, p1, p2, p3)));\
       }\
       GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_(gmock_Impl);\
@@ -13512,7 +14166,7 @@
         return ::testing::internal::FormatMatcherDescription(\
             negation, #name, \
             ::testing::internal::UniversalTersePrintTupleFieldsToStrings(\
-                ::std::tr1::tuple<p0##_type, p1##_type, p2##_type, p3##_type, \
+                ::testing::tuple<p0##_type, p1##_type, p2##_type, p3##_type, \
                     p4##_type>(p0, p1, p2, p3, p4)));\
       }\
       GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_(gmock_Impl);\
@@ -13586,7 +14240,7 @@
         return ::testing::internal::FormatMatcherDescription(\
             negation, #name, \
             ::testing::internal::UniversalTersePrintTupleFieldsToStrings(\
-                ::std::tr1::tuple<p0##_type, p1##_type, p2##_type, p3##_type, \
+                ::testing::tuple<p0##_type, p1##_type, p2##_type, p3##_type, \
                     p4##_type, p5##_type>(p0, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5)));\
       }\
       GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_(gmock_Impl);\
@@ -13664,7 +14318,7 @@
         return ::testing::internal::FormatMatcherDescription(\
             negation, #name, \
             ::testing::internal::UniversalTersePrintTupleFieldsToStrings(\
-                ::std::tr1::tuple<p0##_type, p1##_type, p2##_type, p3##_type, \
+                ::testing::tuple<p0##_type, p1##_type, p2##_type, p3##_type, \
                     p4##_type, p5##_type, p6##_type>(p0, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, \
                     p6)));\
       }\
@@ -13749,7 +14403,7 @@
         return ::testing::internal::FormatMatcherDescription(\
             negation, #name, \
             ::testing::internal::UniversalTersePrintTupleFieldsToStrings(\
-                ::std::tr1::tuple<p0##_type, p1##_type, p2##_type, p3##_type, \
+                ::testing::tuple<p0##_type, p1##_type, p2##_type, p3##_type, \
                     p4##_type, p5##_type, p6##_type, p7##_type>(p0, p1, p2, \
                     p3, p4, p5, p6, p7)));\
       }\
@@ -13840,7 +14494,7 @@
         return ::testing::internal::FormatMatcherDescription(\
             negation, #name, \
             ::testing::internal::UniversalTersePrintTupleFieldsToStrings(\
-                ::std::tr1::tuple<p0##_type, p1##_type, p2##_type, p3##_type, \
+                ::testing::tuple<p0##_type, p1##_type, p2##_type, p3##_type, \
                     p4##_type, p5##_type, p6##_type, p7##_type, \
                     p8##_type>(p0, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p6, p7, p8)));\
       }\
@@ -13936,7 +14590,7 @@
         return ::testing::internal::FormatMatcherDescription(\
             negation, #name, \
             ::testing::internal::UniversalTersePrintTupleFieldsToStrings(\
-                ::std::tr1::tuple<p0##_type, p1##_type, p2##_type, p3##_type, \
+                ::testing::tuple<p0##_type, p1##_type, p2##_type, p3##_type, \
                     p4##_type, p5##_type, p6##_type, p7##_type, p8##_type, \
                     p9##_type>(p0, p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p6, p7, p8, p9)));\
       }\
@@ -14066,7 +14720,7 @@
 class InvokeMethodAction {
  public:
   InvokeMethodAction(Class* obj_ptr, MethodPtr method_ptr)
-      : obj_ptr_(obj_ptr), method_ptr_(method_ptr) {}
+      : method_ptr_(method_ptr), obj_ptr_(obj_ptr) {}
 
   template <typename Result, typename ArgumentTuple>
   Result Perform(const ArgumentTuple& args) const {
@@ -14075,8 +14729,11 @@
   }
 
  private:
-  Class* const obj_ptr_;
+  // The order of these members matters.  Reversing the order can trigger
+  // warning C4121 in MSVC (see
+  // http://computer-programming-forum.com/7-vc.net/6fbc30265f860ad1.htm ).
   const MethodPtr method_ptr_;
+  Class* const obj_ptr_;
 
   GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_(InvokeMethodAction);
 };
@@ -14152,7 +14809,7 @@
 ACTION_TEMPLATE(ReturnArg,
                 HAS_1_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(int, k),
                 AND_0_VALUE_PARAMS()) {
-  return std::tr1::get<k>(args);
+  return ::testing::get<k>(args);
 }
 
 // Action SaveArg<k>(pointer) saves the k-th (0-based) argument of the
@@ -14160,7 +14817,7 @@
 ACTION_TEMPLATE(SaveArg,
                 HAS_1_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(int, k),
                 AND_1_VALUE_PARAMS(pointer)) {
-  *pointer = ::std::tr1::get<k>(args);
+  *pointer = ::testing::get<k>(args);
 }
 
 // Action SaveArgPointee<k>(pointer) saves the value pointed to
@@ -14168,7 +14825,7 @@
 ACTION_TEMPLATE(SaveArgPointee,
                 HAS_1_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(int, k),
                 AND_1_VALUE_PARAMS(pointer)) {
-  *pointer = *::std::tr1::get<k>(args);
+  *pointer = *::testing::get<k>(args);
 }
 
 // Action SetArgReferee<k>(value) assigns 'value' to the variable
@@ -14176,13 +14833,13 @@
 ACTION_TEMPLATE(SetArgReferee,
                 HAS_1_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(int, k),
                 AND_1_VALUE_PARAMS(value)) {
-  typedef typename ::std::tr1::tuple_element<k, args_type>::type argk_type;
+  typedef typename ::testing::tuple_element<k, args_type>::type argk_type;
   // Ensures that argument #k is a reference.  If you get a compiler
   // error on the next line, you are using SetArgReferee<k>(value) in
   // a mock function whose k-th (0-based) argument is not a reference.
   GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_(internal::is_reference<argk_type>::value,
                         SetArgReferee_must_be_used_with_a_reference_argument);
-  ::std::tr1::get<k>(args) = value;
+  ::testing::get<k>(args) = value;
 }
 
 // Action SetArrayArgument<k>(first, last) copies the elements in
@@ -14195,9 +14852,9 @@
                 AND_2_VALUE_PARAMS(first, last)) {
   // Visual Studio deprecates ::std::copy, so we use our own copy in that case.
 #ifdef _MSC_VER
-  internal::CopyElements(first, last, ::std::tr1::get<k>(args));
+  internal::CopyElements(first, last, ::testing::get<k>(args));
 #else
-  ::std::copy(first, last, ::std::tr1::get<k>(args));
+  ::std::copy(first, last, ::testing::get<k>(args));
 #endif
 }
 
@@ -14206,7 +14863,7 @@
 ACTION_TEMPLATE(DeleteArg,
                 HAS_1_TEMPLATE_PARAMS(int, k),
                 AND_0_VALUE_PARAMS()) {
-  delete ::std::tr1::get<k>(args);
+  delete ::testing::get<k>(args);
 }
 
 // This action returns the value pointed to by 'pointer'.
diff --git a/internal/ceres/gmock_gtest_all.cc b/internal/ceres/gmock_gtest_all.cc
index 5b7ee84..2fc3e3c 100644
--- a/internal/ceres/gmock_gtest_all.cc
+++ b/internal/ceres/gmock_gtest_all.cc
@@ -316,6 +316,8 @@
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <iomanip>
 #include <limits>
+#include <list>
+#include <map>
 #include <ostream>  // NOLINT
 #include <sstream>
 #include <vector>
@@ -350,6 +352,7 @@
 #elif GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE  // We are on Windows CE.
 
 # include <windows.h>  // NOLINT
+# undef min
 
 #elif GTEST_OS_WINDOWS  // We are on Windows proper.
 
@@ -372,6 +375,7 @@
 // cpplint thinks that the header is already included, so we want to
 // silence it.
 # include <windows.h>  // NOLINT
+# undef min
 
 #else
 
@@ -394,6 +398,8 @@
 #if GTEST_CAN_STREAM_RESULTS_
 # include <arpa/inet.h>  // NOLINT
 # include <netdb.h>  // NOLINT
+# include <sys/socket.h>  // NOLINT
+# include <sys/types.h>  // NOLINT
 #endif
 
 // Indicates that this translation unit is part of Google Test's
@@ -444,7 +450,7 @@
 // GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ is defined to 1 iff the current translation unit is
 // part of Google Test's implementation; otherwise it's undefined.
 #if !GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
-// A user is trying to include this from his code - just say no.
+// If this file is included from the user's code, just say no.
 # error "gtest-internal-inl.h is part of Google Test's internal implementation."
 # error "It must not be included except by Google Test itself."
 #endif  // GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
@@ -501,6 +507,7 @@
 const char kStackTraceDepthFlag[] = "stack_trace_depth";
 const char kStreamResultToFlag[] = "stream_result_to";
 const char kThrowOnFailureFlag[] = "throw_on_failure";
+const char kFlagfileFlag[] = "flagfile";
 
 // A valid random seed must be in [1, kMaxRandomSeed].
 const int kMaxRandomSeed = 99999;
@@ -833,6 +840,10 @@
   // CurrentStackTrace() will use to find and hide Google Test stack frames.
   virtual void UponLeavingGTest() = 0;
 
+  // This string is inserted in place of stack frames that are part of
+  // Google Test's implementation.
+  static const char* const kElidedFramesMarker;
+
  private:
   GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(OsStackTraceGetterInterface);
 };
@@ -840,26 +851,12 @@
 // A working implementation of the OsStackTraceGetterInterface interface.
 class OsStackTraceGetter : public OsStackTraceGetterInterface {
  public:
-  OsStackTraceGetter() : caller_frame_(NULL) {}
+  OsStackTraceGetter() {}
 
-  virtual string CurrentStackTrace(int max_depth, int skip_count)
-      GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(mutex_);
-
-  virtual void UponLeavingGTest() GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(mutex_);
-
-  // This string is inserted in place of stack frames that are part of
-  // Google Test's implementation.
-  static const char* const kElidedFramesMarker;
+  virtual string CurrentStackTrace(int max_depth, int skip_count);
+  virtual void UponLeavingGTest();
 
  private:
-  Mutex mutex_;  // protects all internal state
-
-  // We save the stack frame below the frame that calls user code.
-  // We do this because the address of the frame immediately below
-  // the user code changes between the call to UponLeavingGTest()
-  // and any calls to CurrentStackTrace() from within the user code.
-  void* caller_frame_;
-
   GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(OsStackTraceGetter);
 };
 
@@ -1369,32 +1366,6 @@
 // platform.
 GTEST_API_ std::string GetLastErrnoDescription();
 
-# if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
-// Provides leak-safe Windows kernel handle ownership.
-class AutoHandle {
- public:
-  AutoHandle() : handle_(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {}
-  explicit AutoHandle(HANDLE handle) : handle_(handle) {}
-
-  ~AutoHandle() { Reset(); }
-
-  HANDLE Get() const { return handle_; }
-  void Reset() { Reset(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE); }
-  void Reset(HANDLE handle) {
-    if (handle != handle_) {
-      if (handle_ != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
-        ::CloseHandle(handle_);
-      handle_ = handle;
-    }
-  }
-
- private:
-  HANDLE handle_;
-
-  GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(AutoHandle);
-};
-# endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
-
 // Attempts to parse a string into a positive integer pointed to by the
 // number parameter.  Returns true if that is possible.
 // GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST implies that we have ::std::string, so we can use
@@ -1667,6 +1638,12 @@
 }  // namespace internal
 
 static const char* GetDefaultFilter() {
+#ifdef GTEST_TEST_FILTER_ENV_VAR_
+  const char* const testbridge_test_only = getenv(GTEST_TEST_FILTER_ENV_VAR_);
+  if (testbridge_test_only != NULL) {
+    return testbridge_test_only;
+  }
+#endif  // GTEST_TEST_FILTER_ENV_VAR_
   return kUniversalFilter;
 }
 
@@ -1767,6 +1744,13 @@
     "if exceptions are enabled or exit the program with a non-zero code "
     "otherwise.");
 
+#if GTEST_USE_OWN_FLAGFILE_FLAG_
+GTEST_DEFINE_string_(
+    flagfile,
+    internal::StringFromGTestEnv("flagfile", ""),
+    "This flag specifies the flagfile to read command-line flags from.");
+#endif  // GTEST_USE_OWN_FLAGFILE_FLAG_
+
 namespace internal {
 
 // Generates a random number from [0, range), using a Linear
@@ -1791,13 +1775,7 @@
 // GTestIsInitialized() returns true iff the user has initialized
 // Google Test.  Useful for catching the user mistake of not initializing
 // Google Test before calling RUN_ALL_TESTS().
-//
-// A user must call testing::InitGoogleTest() to initialize Google
-// Test.  g_init_gtest_count is set to the number of times
-// InitGoogleTest() has been called.  We don't protect this variable
-// under a mutex as it is only accessed in the main thread.
-GTEST_API_ int g_init_gtest_count = 0;
-static bool GTestIsInitialized() { return g_init_gtest_count != 0; }
+static bool GTestIsInitialized() { return GetArgvs().size() > 0; }
 
 // Iterates over a vector of TestCases, keeping a running sum of the
 // results of calling a given int-returning method on each.
@@ -1853,8 +1831,16 @@
 // Mutex for linked pointers.
 GTEST_API_ GTEST_DEFINE_STATIC_MUTEX_(g_linked_ptr_mutex);
 
-// Application pathname gotten in InitGoogleTest.
-std::string g_executable_path;
+// A copy of all command line arguments.  Set by InitGoogleTest().
+::std::vector<testing::internal::string> g_argvs;
+
+const ::std::vector<testing::internal::string>& GetArgvs() {
+#if defined(GTEST_CUSTOM_GET_ARGVS_)
+  return GTEST_CUSTOM_GET_ARGVS_();
+#else  // defined(GTEST_CUSTOM_GET_ARGVS_)
+  return g_argvs;
+#endif  // defined(GTEST_CUSTOM_GET_ARGVS_)
+}
 
 // Returns the current application's name, removing directory path if that
 // is present.
@@ -1862,9 +1848,9 @@
   FilePath result;
 
 #if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
-  result.Set(FilePath(g_executable_path).RemoveExtension("exe"));
+  result.Set(FilePath(GetArgvs()[0]).RemoveExtension("exe"));
 #else
-  result.Set(FilePath(g_executable_path));
+  result.Set(FilePath(GetArgvs()[0]));
 #endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
 
   return result.RemoveDirectoryName();
@@ -2256,8 +2242,12 @@
 // CurrentOsStackTraceExceptTop(1), Foo() will be included in the
 // trace but Bar() and CurrentOsStackTraceExceptTop() won't.
 std::string UnitTestImpl::CurrentOsStackTraceExceptTop(int skip_count) {
-  (void)skip_count;
-  return "";
+  return os_stack_trace_getter()->CurrentStackTrace(
+      static_cast<int>(GTEST_FLAG(stack_trace_depth)),
+      skip_count + 1
+      // Skips the user-specified number of frames plus this function
+      // itself.
+      );  // NOLINT
 }
 
 // Returns the current time in milliseconds.
@@ -2286,21 +2276,13 @@
 #elif GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && !GTEST_HAS_GETTIMEOFDAY_
   __timeb64 now;
 
-# ifdef _MSC_VER
-
   // MSVC 8 deprecates _ftime64(), so we want to suppress warning 4996
   // (deprecated function) there.
   // TODO(kenton@google.com): Use GetTickCount()?  Or use
   //   SystemTimeToFileTime()
-#  pragma warning(push)          // Saves the current warning state.
-#  pragma warning(disable:4996)  // Temporarily disables warning 4996.
+  GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4996)
   _ftime64(&now);
-#  pragma warning(pop)           // Restores the warning state.
-# else
-
-  _ftime64(&now);
-
-# endif  // _MSC_VER
+  GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()
 
   return static_cast<TimeInMillis>(now.time) * 1000 + now.millitm;
 #elif GTEST_HAS_GETTIMEOFDAY_
@@ -2385,6 +2367,23 @@
 
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING || GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_WSTRING
 
+void SplitString(const ::std::string& str, char delimiter,
+                 ::std::vector< ::std::string>* dest) {
+  ::std::vector< ::std::string> parsed;
+  ::std::string::size_type pos = 0;
+  while (::testing::internal::AlwaysTrue()) {
+    const ::std::string::size_type colon = str.find(delimiter, pos);
+    if (colon == ::std::string::npos) {
+      parsed.push_back(str.substr(pos));
+      break;
+    } else {
+      parsed.push_back(str.substr(pos, colon - pos));
+      pos = colon + 1;
+    }
+  }
+  dest->swap(parsed);
+}
+
 }  // namespace internal
 
 // Constructs an empty Message.
@@ -2440,6 +2439,13 @@
                static_cast< ::std::string*>(NULL)) {
 }
 
+// Swaps two AssertionResults.
+void AssertionResult::swap(AssertionResult& other) {
+  using std::swap;
+  swap(success_, other.success_);
+  swap(message_, other.message_);
+}
+
 // Returns the assertion's negation. Used with EXPECT/ASSERT_FALSE.
 AssertionResult AssertionResult::operator!() const {
   AssertionResult negation(!success_);
@@ -2466,6 +2472,276 @@
 
 namespace internal {
 
+namespace edit_distance {
+std::vector<EditType> CalculateOptimalEdits(const std::vector<size_t>& left,
+                                            const std::vector<size_t>& right) {
+  std::vector<std::vector<double> > costs(
+      left.size() + 1, std::vector<double>(right.size() + 1));
+  std::vector<std::vector<EditType> > best_move(
+      left.size() + 1, std::vector<EditType>(right.size() + 1));
+
+  // Populate for empty right.
+  for (size_t l_i = 0; l_i < costs.size(); ++l_i) {
+    costs[l_i][0] = static_cast<double>(l_i);
+    best_move[l_i][0] = kRemove;
+  }
+  // Populate for empty left.
+  for (size_t r_i = 1; r_i < costs[0].size(); ++r_i) {
+    costs[0][r_i] = static_cast<double>(r_i);
+    best_move[0][r_i] = kAdd;
+  }
+
+  for (size_t l_i = 0; l_i < left.size(); ++l_i) {
+    for (size_t r_i = 0; r_i < right.size(); ++r_i) {
+      if (left[l_i] == right[r_i]) {
+        // Found a match. Consume it.
+        costs[l_i + 1][r_i + 1] = costs[l_i][r_i];
+        best_move[l_i + 1][r_i + 1] = kMatch;
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      const double add = costs[l_i + 1][r_i];
+      const double remove = costs[l_i][r_i + 1];
+      const double replace = costs[l_i][r_i];
+      if (add < remove && add < replace) {
+        costs[l_i + 1][r_i + 1] = add + 1;
+        best_move[l_i + 1][r_i + 1] = kAdd;
+      } else if (remove < add && remove < replace) {
+        costs[l_i + 1][r_i + 1] = remove + 1;
+        best_move[l_i + 1][r_i + 1] = kRemove;
+      } else {
+        // We make replace a little more expensive than add/remove to lower
+        // their priority.
+        costs[l_i + 1][r_i + 1] = replace + 1.00001;
+        best_move[l_i + 1][r_i + 1] = kReplace;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  // Reconstruct the best path. We do it in reverse order.
+  std::vector<EditType> best_path;
+  for (size_t l_i = left.size(), r_i = right.size(); l_i > 0 || r_i > 0;) {
+    EditType move = best_move[l_i][r_i];
+    best_path.push_back(move);
+    l_i -= move != kAdd;
+    r_i -= move != kRemove;
+  }
+  std::reverse(best_path.begin(), best_path.end());
+  return best_path;
+}
+
+namespace {
+
+// Helper class to convert string into ids with deduplication.
+class InternalStrings {
+ public:
+  size_t GetId(const std::string& str) {
+    IdMap::iterator it = ids_.find(str);
+    if (it != ids_.end()) return it->second;
+    size_t id = ids_.size();
+    return ids_[str] = id;
+  }
+
+ private:
+  typedef std::map<std::string, size_t> IdMap;
+  IdMap ids_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace
+
+std::vector<EditType> CalculateOptimalEdits(
+    const std::vector<std::string>& left,
+    const std::vector<std::string>& right) {
+  std::vector<size_t> left_ids, right_ids;
+  {
+    InternalStrings intern_table;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < left.size(); ++i) {
+      left_ids.push_back(intern_table.GetId(left[i]));
+    }
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < right.size(); ++i) {
+      right_ids.push_back(intern_table.GetId(right[i]));
+    }
+  }
+  return CalculateOptimalEdits(left_ids, right_ids);
+}
+
+namespace {
+
+// Helper class that holds the state for one hunk and prints it out to the
+// stream.
+// It reorders adds/removes when possible to group all removes before all
+// adds. It also adds the hunk header before printint into the stream.
+class Hunk {
+ public:
+  Hunk(size_t left_start, size_t right_start)
+      : left_start_(left_start),
+        right_start_(right_start),
+        adds_(),
+        removes_(),
+        common_() {}
+
+  void PushLine(char edit, const char* line) {
+    switch (edit) {
+      case ' ':
+        ++common_;
+        FlushEdits();
+        hunk_.push_back(std::make_pair(' ', line));
+        break;
+      case '-':
+        ++removes_;
+        hunk_removes_.push_back(std::make_pair('-', line));
+        break;
+      case '+':
+        ++adds_;
+        hunk_adds_.push_back(std::make_pair('+', line));
+        break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  void PrintTo(std::ostream* os) {
+    PrintHeader(os);
+    FlushEdits();
+    for (std::list<std::pair<char, const char*> >::const_iterator it =
+             hunk_.begin();
+         it != hunk_.end(); ++it) {
+      *os << it->first << it->second << "\n";
+    }
+  }
+
+  bool has_edits() const { return adds_ || removes_; }
+
+ private:
+  void FlushEdits() {
+    hunk_.splice(hunk_.end(), hunk_removes_);
+    hunk_.splice(hunk_.end(), hunk_adds_);
+  }
+
+  // Print a unified diff header for one hunk.
+  // The format is
+  //   "@@ -<left_start>,<left_length> +<right_start>,<right_length> @@"
+  // where the left/right parts are ommitted if unnecessary.
+  void PrintHeader(std::ostream* ss) const {
+    *ss << "@@ ";
+    if (removes_) {
+      *ss << "-" << left_start_ << "," << (removes_ + common_);
+    }
+    if (removes_ && adds_) {
+      *ss << " ";
+    }
+    if (adds_) {
+      *ss << "+" << right_start_ << "," << (adds_ + common_);
+    }
+    *ss << " @@\n";
+  }
+
+  size_t left_start_, right_start_;
+  size_t adds_, removes_, common_;
+  std::list<std::pair<char, const char*> > hunk_, hunk_adds_, hunk_removes_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace
+
+// Create a list of diff hunks in Unified diff format.
+// Each hunk has a header generated by PrintHeader above plus a body with
+// lines prefixed with ' ' for no change, '-' for deletion and '+' for
+// addition.
+// 'context' represents the desired unchanged prefix/suffix around the diff.
+// If two hunks are close enough that their contexts overlap, then they are
+// joined into one hunk.
+std::string CreateUnifiedDiff(const std::vector<std::string>& left,
+                              const std::vector<std::string>& right,
+                              size_t context) {
+  const std::vector<EditType> edits = CalculateOptimalEdits(left, right);
+
+  size_t l_i = 0, r_i = 0, edit_i = 0;
+  std::stringstream ss;
+  while (edit_i < edits.size()) {
+    // Find first edit.
+    while (edit_i < edits.size() && edits[edit_i] == kMatch) {
+      ++l_i;
+      ++r_i;
+      ++edit_i;
+    }
+
+    // Find the first line to include in the hunk.
+    const size_t prefix_context = std::min(l_i, context);
+    Hunk hunk(l_i - prefix_context + 1, r_i - prefix_context + 1);
+    for (size_t i = prefix_context; i > 0; --i) {
+      hunk.PushLine(' ', left[l_i - i].c_str());
+    }
+
+    // Iterate the edits until we found enough suffix for the hunk or the input
+    // is over.
+    size_t n_suffix = 0;
+    for (; edit_i < edits.size(); ++edit_i) {
+      if (n_suffix >= context) {
+        // Continue only if the next hunk is very close.
+        std::vector<EditType>::const_iterator it = edits.begin() + edit_i;
+        while (it != edits.end() && *it == kMatch) ++it;
+        if (it == edits.end() || (it - edits.begin()) - edit_i >= context) {
+          // There is no next edit or it is too far away.
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+
+      EditType edit = edits[edit_i];
+      // Reset count when a non match is found.
+      n_suffix = edit == kMatch ? n_suffix + 1 : 0;
+
+      if (edit == kMatch || edit == kRemove || edit == kReplace) {
+        hunk.PushLine(edit == kMatch ? ' ' : '-', left[l_i].c_str());
+      }
+      if (edit == kAdd || edit == kReplace) {
+        hunk.PushLine('+', right[r_i].c_str());
+      }
+
+      // Advance indices, depending on edit type.
+      l_i += edit != kAdd;
+      r_i += edit != kRemove;
+    }
+
+    if (!hunk.has_edits()) {
+      // We are done. We don't want this hunk.
+      break;
+    }
+
+    hunk.PrintTo(&ss);
+  }
+  return ss.str();
+}
+
+}  // namespace edit_distance
+
+namespace {
+
+// The string representation of the values received in EqFailure() are already
+// escaped. Split them on escaped '\n' boundaries. Leave all other escaped
+// characters the same.
+std::vector<std::string> SplitEscapedString(const std::string& str) {
+  std::vector<std::string> lines;
+  size_t start = 0, end = str.size();
+  if (end > 2 && str[0] == '"' && str[end - 1] == '"') {
+    ++start;
+    --end;
+  }
+  bool escaped = false;
+  for (size_t i = start; i + 1 < end; ++i) {
+    if (escaped) {
+      escaped = false;
+      if (str[i] == 'n') {
+        lines.push_back(str.substr(start, i - start - 1));
+        start = i + 1;
+      }
+    } else {
+      escaped = str[i] == '\\';
+    }
+  }
+  lines.push_back(str.substr(start, end - start));
+  return lines;
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
 // Constructs and returns the message for an equality assertion
 // (e.g. ASSERT_EQ, EXPECT_STREQ, etc) failure.
 //
@@ -2500,6 +2776,17 @@
     msg << "\nWhich is: " << expected_value;
   }
 
+  if (!expected_value.empty() && !actual_value.empty()) {
+    const std::vector<std::string> expected_lines =
+        SplitEscapedString(expected_value);
+    const std::vector<std::string> actual_lines =
+        SplitEscapedString(actual_value);
+    if (expected_lines.size() > 1 || actual_lines.size() > 1) {
+      msg << "\nWith diff:\n"
+          << edit_distance::CreateUnifiedDiff(expected_lines, actual_lines);
+    }
+  }
+
   return AssertionFailure() << msg;
 }
 
@@ -3371,14 +3658,15 @@
 
 // Creates a Test object.
 
-// The c'tor saves the values of all Google Test flags.
+// The c'tor saves the states of all flags.
 Test::Test()
-    : gtest_flag_saver_(new internal::GTestFlagSaver) {
+    : gtest_flag_saver_(new GTEST_FLAG_SAVER_) {
 }
 
-// The d'tor restores the values of all Google Test flags.
+// The d'tor restores the states of all flags.  The actual work is
+// done by the d'tor of the gtest_flag_saver_ field, and thus not
+// visible here.
 Test::~Test() {
-  delete gtest_flag_saver_;
 }
 
 // Sets up the test fixture.
@@ -3447,8 +3735,8 @@
     const bool this_is_TEST = this_fixture_id == internal::GetTestTypeId();
 
     if (first_is_TEST || this_is_TEST) {
-      // The user mixed TEST and TEST_F in this test case - we'll tell
-      // him/her how to fix it.
+      // Both TEST and TEST_F appear in same test case, which is incorrect.
+      // Tell the user how to fix this.
 
       // Gets the name of the TEST and the name of the TEST_F.  Note
       // that first_is_TEST and this_is_TEST cannot both be true, as
@@ -3468,8 +3756,8 @@
           << "want to change the TEST to TEST_F or move it to another test\n"
           << "case.";
     } else {
-      // The user defined two fixture classes with the same name in
-      // two namespaces - we'll tell him/her how to fix it.
+      // Two fixture classes with the same name appear in two different
+      // namespaces, which is not allowed. Tell the user how to fix this.
       ADD_FAILURE()
           << "All tests in the same test case must use the same test fixture\n"
           << "class.  However, in test case "
@@ -3662,12 +3950,14 @@
                    const std::string& a_name,
                    const char* a_type_param,
                    const char* a_value_param,
+                   internal::CodeLocation a_code_location,
                    internal::TypeId fixture_class_id,
                    internal::TestFactoryBase* factory)
     : test_case_name_(a_test_case_name),
       name_(a_name),
       type_param_(a_type_param ? new std::string(a_type_param) : NULL),
       value_param_(a_value_param ? new std::string(a_value_param) : NULL),
+      location_(a_code_location),
       fixture_class_id_(fixture_class_id),
       should_run_(false),
       is_disabled_(false),
@@ -3691,6 +3981,7 @@
 //                     this is not a typed or a type-parameterized test.
 //   value_param:      text representation of the test's value parameter,
 //                     or NULL if this is not a value-parameterized test.
+//   code_location:    code location where the test is defined
 //   fixture_class_id: ID of the test fixture class
 //   set_up_tc:        pointer to the function that sets up the test case
 //   tear_down_tc:     pointer to the function that tears down the test case
@@ -3702,20 +3993,21 @@
     const char* name,
     const char* type_param,
     const char* value_param,
+    CodeLocation code_location,
     TypeId fixture_class_id,
     SetUpTestCaseFunc set_up_tc,
     TearDownTestCaseFunc tear_down_tc,
     TestFactoryBase* factory) {
   TestInfo* const test_info =
       new TestInfo(test_case_name, name, type_param, value_param,
-                   fixture_class_id, factory);
+                   code_location, fixture_class_id, factory);
   GetUnitTestImpl()->AddTestInfo(set_up_tc, tear_down_tc, test_info);
   return test_info;
 }
 
 #if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
 void ReportInvalidTestCaseType(const char* test_case_name,
-                               const char* file, int line) {
+                               CodeLocation code_location) {
   Message errors;
   errors
       << "Attempted redefinition of test case " << test_case_name << ".\n"
@@ -3727,7 +4019,9 @@
       << "probably rename one of the classes to put the tests into different\n"
       << "test cases.";
 
-  fprintf(stderr, "%s %s", FormatFileLocation(file, line).c_str(),
+  fprintf(stderr, "%s %s",
+          FormatFileLocation(code_location.file.c_str(),
+                             code_location.line).c_str(),
           errors.GetString().c_str());
 }
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
@@ -4038,7 +4332,8 @@
   COLOR_YELLOW
 };
 
-#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
+#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE && \
+    !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT
 
 // Returns the character attribute for the given color.
 WORD GetColorAttribute(GTestColor color) {
@@ -4083,6 +4378,8 @@
         String::CStringEquals(term, "xterm-256color") ||
         String::CStringEquals(term, "screen") ||
         String::CStringEquals(term, "screen-256color") ||
+        String::CStringEquals(term, "rxvt-unicode") ||
+        String::CStringEquals(term, "rxvt-unicode-256color") ||
         String::CStringEquals(term, "linux") ||
         String::CStringEquals(term, "cygwin");
     return stdout_is_tty && term_supports_color;
@@ -4106,8 +4403,9 @@
   va_list args;
   va_start(args, fmt);
 
-#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE || GTEST_OS_SYMBIAN || GTEST_OS_ZOS || GTEST_OS_IOS
-  const bool use_color = false;
+#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE || GTEST_OS_SYMBIAN || GTEST_OS_ZOS || \
+    GTEST_OS_IOS || GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE || GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT
+  const bool use_color = AlwaysFalse();
 #else
   static const bool in_color_mode =
       ShouldUseColor(posix::IsATTY(posix::FileNo(stdout)) != 0);
@@ -4121,7 +4419,8 @@
     return;
   }
 
-#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
+#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE && \
+    !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT
   const HANDLE stdout_handle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
 
   // Gets the current text color.
@@ -4696,34 +4995,39 @@
 // Formats the given time in milliseconds as seconds.
 std::string FormatTimeInMillisAsSeconds(TimeInMillis ms) {
   ::std::stringstream ss;
-  ss << ms/1000.0;
+  ss << (static_cast<double>(ms) * 1e-3);
   return ss.str();
 }
 
+static bool PortableLocaltime(time_t seconds, struct tm* out) {
+#if defined(_MSC_VER)
+  return localtime_s(out, &seconds) == 0;
+#elif defined(__MINGW32__) || defined(__MINGW64__)
+  // MINGW <time.h> provides neither localtime_r nor localtime_s, but uses
+  // Windows' localtime(), which has a thread-local tm buffer.
+  struct tm* tm_ptr = localtime(&seconds);  // NOLINT
+  if (tm_ptr == NULL)
+    return false;
+  *out = *tm_ptr;
+  return true;
+#else
+  return localtime_r(&seconds, out) != NULL;
+#endif
+}
+
 // Converts the given epoch time in milliseconds to a date string in the ISO
 // 8601 format, without the timezone information.
 std::string FormatEpochTimeInMillisAsIso8601(TimeInMillis ms) {
-  // Using non-reentrant version as localtime_r is not portable.
-  time_t seconds = static_cast<time_t>(ms / 1000);
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-# pragma warning(push)          // Saves the current warning state.
-# pragma warning(disable:4996)  // Temporarily disables warning 4996
-                                // (function or variable may be unsafe).
-  const struct tm* const time_struct = localtime(&seconds);  // NOLINT
-# pragma warning(pop)           // Restores the warning state again.
-#else
-  const struct tm* const time_struct = localtime(&seconds);  // NOLINT
-#endif
-  if (time_struct == NULL)
-    return "";  // Invalid ms value
-
+  struct tm time_struct;
+  if (!PortableLocaltime(static_cast<time_t>(ms / 1000), &time_struct))
+    return "";
   // YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss
-  return StreamableToString(time_struct->tm_year + 1900) + "-" +
-      String::FormatIntWidth2(time_struct->tm_mon + 1) + "-" +
-      String::FormatIntWidth2(time_struct->tm_mday) + "T" +
-      String::FormatIntWidth2(time_struct->tm_hour) + ":" +
-      String::FormatIntWidth2(time_struct->tm_min) + ":" +
-      String::FormatIntWidth2(time_struct->tm_sec);
+  return StreamableToString(time_struct.tm_year + 1900) + "-" +
+      String::FormatIntWidth2(time_struct.tm_mon + 1) + "-" +
+      String::FormatIntWidth2(time_struct.tm_mday) + "T" +
+      String::FormatIntWidth2(time_struct.tm_hour) + ":" +
+      String::FormatIntWidth2(time_struct.tm_min) + ":" +
+      String::FormatIntWidth2(time_struct.tm_sec);
 }
 
 // Streams an XML CDATA section, escaping invalid CDATA sequences as needed.
@@ -4986,26 +5290,15 @@
 
 // class OsStackTraceGetter
 
-// Returns the current OS stack trace as an std::string.  Parameters:
-//
-//   max_depth  - the maximum number of stack frames to be included
-//                in the trace.
-//   skip_count - the number of top frames to be skipped; doesn't count
-//                against max_depth.
-//
-string OsStackTraceGetter::CurrentStackTrace(int /* max_depth */,
-                                             int /* skip_count */)
-    GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(mutex_) {
+const char* const OsStackTraceGetterInterface::kElidedFramesMarker =
+    "... " GTEST_NAME_ " internal frames ...";
+
+string OsStackTraceGetter::CurrentStackTrace(int /*max_depth*/,
+                                             int /*skip_count*/) {
   return "";
 }
 
-void OsStackTraceGetter::UponLeavingGTest()
-    GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(mutex_) {
-}
-
-const char* const
-OsStackTraceGetter::kElidedFramesMarker =
-    "... " GTEST_NAME_ " internal frames ...";
+void OsStackTraceGetter::UponLeavingGTest() {}
 
 // A helper class that creates the premature-exit file in its
 // constructor and deletes the file in its destructor.
@@ -5296,7 +5589,7 @@
     // with another testing framework) and specify the former on the
     // command line for debugging.
     if (GTEST_FLAG(break_on_failure)) {
-#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
+#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT
       // Using DebugBreak on Windows allows gtest to still break into a debugger
       // when a failure happens and both the --gtest_break_on_failure and
       // the --gtest_catch_exceptions flags are specified.
@@ -5374,7 +5667,7 @@
   // process. In either case the user does not want to see pop-up dialogs
   // about crashes - they are expected.
   if (impl()->catch_exceptions() || in_death_test_child_process) {
-# if !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
+# if !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT
     // SetErrorMode doesn't exist on CE.
     SetErrorMode(SEM_FAILCRITICALERRORS | SEM_NOALIGNMENTFAULTEXCEPT |
                  SEM_NOGPFAULTERRORBOX | SEM_NOOPENFILEERRORBOX);
@@ -5477,17 +5770,10 @@
 
 UnitTestImpl::UnitTestImpl(UnitTest* parent)
     : parent_(parent),
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-# pragma warning(push)                    // Saves the current warning state.
-# pragma warning(disable:4355)            // Temporarily disables warning 4355
-                                         // (using this in initializer).
+      GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4355 /* using this in initializer */)
       default_global_test_part_result_reporter_(this),
       default_per_thread_test_part_result_reporter_(this),
-# pragma warning(pop)                     // Restores the warning state again.
-#else
-      default_global_test_part_result_reporter_(this),
-      default_per_thread_test_part_result_reporter_(this),
-#endif  // _MSC_VER
+      GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()
       global_test_part_result_repoter_(
           &default_global_test_part_result_reporter_),
       per_thread_test_part_result_reporter_(
@@ -5598,6 +5884,11 @@
   if (!post_flag_parse_init_performed_) {
     post_flag_parse_init_performed_ = true;
 
+#if defined(GTEST_CUSTOM_TEST_EVENT_LISTENER_)
+    // Register to send notifications about key process state changes.
+    listeners()->Append(new GTEST_CUSTOM_TEST_EVENT_LISTENER_());
+#endif  // defined(GTEST_CUSTOM_TEST_EVENT_LISTENER_)
+
 #if GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
     InitDeathTestSubprocessControlInfo();
     SuppressTestEventsIfInSubprocess();
@@ -5731,6 +6022,11 @@
 
 #if GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
   in_subprocess_for_death_test = (internal_run_death_test_flag_.get() != NULL);
+# if defined(GTEST_EXTRA_DEATH_TEST_CHILD_SETUP_)
+  if (in_subprocess_for_death_test) {
+    GTEST_EXTRA_DEATH_TEST_CHILD_SETUP_();
+  }
+# endif  // defined(GTEST_EXTRA_DEATH_TEST_CHILD_SETUP_)
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
 
   const bool should_shard = ShouldShard(kTestTotalShards, kTestShardIndex,
@@ -6067,7 +6363,11 @@
 // getter, and returns it.
 OsStackTraceGetterInterface* UnitTestImpl::os_stack_trace_getter() {
   if (os_stack_trace_getter_ == NULL) {
+#ifdef GTEST_OS_STACK_TRACE_GETTER_
+    os_stack_trace_getter_ = new GTEST_OS_STACK_TRACE_GETTER_;
+#else
     os_stack_trace_getter_ = new OsStackTraceGetter;
+#endif  // GTEST_OS_STACK_TRACE_GETTER_
   }
 
   return os_stack_trace_getter_;
@@ -6366,6 +6666,58 @@
 "(not one in your own code or tests), please report it to\n"
 "@G<" GTEST_DEV_EMAIL_ ">@D.\n";
 
+bool ParseGoogleTestFlag(const char* const arg) {
+  return ParseBoolFlag(arg, kAlsoRunDisabledTestsFlag,
+                       &GTEST_FLAG(also_run_disabled_tests)) ||
+      ParseBoolFlag(arg, kBreakOnFailureFlag,
+                    &GTEST_FLAG(break_on_failure)) ||
+      ParseBoolFlag(arg, kCatchExceptionsFlag,
+                    &GTEST_FLAG(catch_exceptions)) ||
+      ParseStringFlag(arg, kColorFlag, &GTEST_FLAG(color)) ||
+      ParseStringFlag(arg, kDeathTestStyleFlag,
+                      &GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style)) ||
+      ParseBoolFlag(arg, kDeathTestUseFork,
+                    &GTEST_FLAG(death_test_use_fork)) ||
+      ParseStringFlag(arg, kFilterFlag, &GTEST_FLAG(filter)) ||
+      ParseStringFlag(arg, kInternalRunDeathTestFlag,
+                      &GTEST_FLAG(internal_run_death_test)) ||
+      ParseBoolFlag(arg, kListTestsFlag, &GTEST_FLAG(list_tests)) ||
+      ParseStringFlag(arg, kOutputFlag, &GTEST_FLAG(output)) ||
+      ParseBoolFlag(arg, kPrintTimeFlag, &GTEST_FLAG(print_time)) ||
+      ParseInt32Flag(arg, kRandomSeedFlag, &GTEST_FLAG(random_seed)) ||
+      ParseInt32Flag(arg, kRepeatFlag, &GTEST_FLAG(repeat)) ||
+      ParseBoolFlag(arg, kShuffleFlag, &GTEST_FLAG(shuffle)) ||
+      ParseInt32Flag(arg, kStackTraceDepthFlag,
+                     &GTEST_FLAG(stack_trace_depth)) ||
+      ParseStringFlag(arg, kStreamResultToFlag,
+                      &GTEST_FLAG(stream_result_to)) ||
+      ParseBoolFlag(arg, kThrowOnFailureFlag,
+                    &GTEST_FLAG(throw_on_failure));
+}
+
+#if GTEST_USE_OWN_FLAGFILE_FLAG_
+void LoadFlagsFromFile(const std::string& path) {
+  FILE* flagfile = posix::FOpen(path.c_str(), "r");
+  if (!flagfile) {
+    fprintf(stderr,
+            "Unable to open file \"%s\"\n",
+            GTEST_FLAG(flagfile).c_str());
+    fflush(stderr);
+    exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+  }
+  std::string contents(ReadEntireFile(flagfile));
+  posix::FClose(flagfile);
+  std::vector<std::string> lines;
+  SplitString(contents, '\n', &lines);
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < lines.size(); ++i) {
+    if (lines[i].empty())
+      continue;
+    if (!ParseGoogleTestFlag(lines[i].c_str()))
+      g_help_flag = true;
+  }
+}
+#endif  // GTEST_USE_OWN_FLAGFILE_FLAG_
+
 // Parses the command line for Google Test flags, without initializing
 // other parts of Google Test.  The type parameter CharType can be
 // instantiated to either char or wchar_t.
@@ -6379,35 +6731,24 @@
     using internal::ParseInt32Flag;
     using internal::ParseStringFlag;
 
-    // Do we see a Google Test flag?
-    if (ParseBoolFlag(arg, kAlsoRunDisabledTestsFlag,
-                      &GTEST_FLAG(also_run_disabled_tests)) ||
-        ParseBoolFlag(arg, kBreakOnFailureFlag,
-                      &GTEST_FLAG(break_on_failure)) ||
-        ParseBoolFlag(arg, kCatchExceptionsFlag,
-                      &GTEST_FLAG(catch_exceptions)) ||
-        ParseStringFlag(arg, kColorFlag, &GTEST_FLAG(color)) ||
-        ParseStringFlag(arg, kDeathTestStyleFlag,
-                        &GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style)) ||
-        ParseBoolFlag(arg, kDeathTestUseFork,
-                      &GTEST_FLAG(death_test_use_fork)) ||
-        ParseStringFlag(arg, kFilterFlag, &GTEST_FLAG(filter)) ||
-        ParseStringFlag(arg, kInternalRunDeathTestFlag,
-                        &GTEST_FLAG(internal_run_death_test)) ||
-        ParseBoolFlag(arg, kListTestsFlag, &GTEST_FLAG(list_tests)) ||
-        ParseStringFlag(arg, kOutputFlag, &GTEST_FLAG(output)) ||
-        ParseBoolFlag(arg, kPrintTimeFlag, &GTEST_FLAG(print_time)) ||
-        ParseInt32Flag(arg, kRandomSeedFlag, &GTEST_FLAG(random_seed)) ||
-        ParseInt32Flag(arg, kRepeatFlag, &GTEST_FLAG(repeat)) ||
-        ParseBoolFlag(arg, kShuffleFlag, &GTEST_FLAG(shuffle)) ||
-        ParseInt32Flag(arg, kStackTraceDepthFlag,
-                       &GTEST_FLAG(stack_trace_depth)) ||
-        ParseStringFlag(arg, kStreamResultToFlag,
-                        &GTEST_FLAG(stream_result_to)) ||
-        ParseBoolFlag(arg, kThrowOnFailureFlag,
-                      &GTEST_FLAG(throw_on_failure))
-        ) {
-      // Yes.  Shift the remainder of the argv list left by one.  Note
+    bool remove_flag = false;
+    if (ParseGoogleTestFlag(arg)) {
+      remove_flag = true;
+#if GTEST_USE_OWN_FLAGFILE_FLAG_
+    } else if (ParseStringFlag(arg, kFlagfileFlag, &GTEST_FLAG(flagfile))) {
+      LoadFlagsFromFile(GTEST_FLAG(flagfile));
+      remove_flag = true;
+#endif  // GTEST_USE_OWN_FLAGFILE_FLAG_
+    } else if (arg_string == "--help" || arg_string == "-h" ||
+               arg_string == "-?" || arg_string == "/?" ||
+               HasGoogleTestFlagPrefix(arg)) {
+      // Both help flag and unrecognized Google Test flags (excluding
+      // internal ones) trigger help display.
+      g_help_flag = true;
+    }
+
+    if (remove_flag) {
+      // Shift the remainder of the argv list left by one.  Note
       // that argv has (*argc + 1) elements, the last one always being
       // NULL.  The following loop moves the trailing NULL element as
       // well.
@@ -6421,12 +6762,6 @@
       // We also need to decrement the iterator as we just removed
       // an element.
       i--;
-    } else if (arg_string == "--help" || arg_string == "-h" ||
-               arg_string == "-?" || arg_string == "/?" ||
-               HasGoogleTestFlagPrefix(arg)) {
-      // Both help flag and unrecognized Google Test flags (excluding
-      // internal ones) trigger help display.
-      g_help_flag = true;
     }
   }
 
@@ -6453,24 +6788,16 @@
 // wchar_t.
 template <typename CharType>
 void InitGoogleTestImpl(int* argc, CharType** argv) {
-  g_init_gtest_count++;
-
   // We don't want to run the initialization code twice.
-  if (g_init_gtest_count != 1) return;
+  if (GTestIsInitialized()) return;
 
   if (*argc <= 0) return;
 
-  internal::g_executable_path = internal::StreamableToString(argv[0]);
-
-#if GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
-
   g_argvs.clear();
   for (int i = 0; i != *argc; i++) {
     g_argvs.push_back(StreamableToString(argv[i]));
   }
 
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
-
   ParseGoogleTestFlagsOnly(argc, argv);
   GetUnitTestImpl()->PostFlagParsingInit();
 }
@@ -6487,13 +6814,21 @@
 //
 // Calling the function for the second time has no user-visible effect.
 void InitGoogleTest(int* argc, char** argv) {
+#if defined(GTEST_CUSTOM_INIT_GOOGLE_TEST_FUNCTION_)
+  GTEST_CUSTOM_INIT_GOOGLE_TEST_FUNCTION_(argc, argv);
+#else  // defined(GTEST_CUSTOM_INIT_GOOGLE_TEST_FUNCTION_)
   internal::InitGoogleTestImpl(argc, argv);
+#endif  // defined(GTEST_CUSTOM_INIT_GOOGLE_TEST_FUNCTION_)
 }
 
 // This overloaded version can be used in Windows programs compiled in
 // UNICODE mode.
 void InitGoogleTest(int* argc, wchar_t** argv) {
+#if defined(GTEST_CUSTOM_INIT_GOOGLE_TEST_FUNCTION_)
+  GTEST_CUSTOM_INIT_GOOGLE_TEST_FUNCTION_(argc, argv);
+#else  // defined(GTEST_CUSTOM_INIT_GOOGLE_TEST_FUNCTION_)
   internal::InitGoogleTestImpl(argc, argv);
+#endif  // defined(GTEST_CUSTOM_INIT_GOOGLE_TEST_FUNCTION_)
 }
 
 }  // namespace testing
@@ -6563,9 +6898,9 @@
 
 // Indicates that this translation unit is part of Google Test's
 // implementation.  It must come before gtest-internal-inl.h is
-// included, or there will be a compiler error.  This trick is to
-// prevent a user from accidentally including gtest-internal-inl.h in
-// his code.
+// included, or there will be a compiler error.  This trick exists to
+// prevent the accidental inclusion of gtest-internal-inl.h in the
+// user's code.
 #define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 #undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
@@ -6614,7 +6949,9 @@
 
 // Valid only for fast death tests. Indicates the code is running in the
 // child process of a fast style death test.
+# if !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
 static bool g_in_fast_death_test_child = false;
+# endif
 
 // Returns a Boolean value indicating whether the caller is currently
 // executing in the context of the death test child process.  Tools such as
@@ -6663,6 +7000,14 @@
 
 // KilledBySignal function-call operator.
 bool KilledBySignal::operator()(int exit_status) const {
+#  if defined(GTEST_KILLED_BY_SIGNAL_OVERRIDE_)
+  {
+    bool result;
+    if (GTEST_KILLED_BY_SIGNAL_OVERRIDE_(signum_, exit_status, &result)) {
+      return result;
+    }
+  }
+#  endif  // defined(GTEST_KILLED_BY_SIGNAL_OVERRIDE_)
   return WIFSIGNALED(exit_status) && WTERMSIG(exit_status) == signum_;
 }
 # endif  // !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
@@ -7369,6 +7714,11 @@
   static ::std::vector<testing::internal::string>
   GetArgvsForDeathTestChildProcess() {
     ::std::vector<testing::internal::string> args = GetInjectableArgvs();
+#  if defined(GTEST_EXTRA_DEATH_TEST_COMMAND_LINE_ARGS_)
+    ::std::vector<testing::internal::string> extra_args =
+        GTEST_EXTRA_DEATH_TEST_COMMAND_LINE_ARGS_();
+    args.insert(args.end(), extra_args.begin(), extra_args.end());
+#  endif  // defined(GTEST_EXTRA_DEATH_TEST_COMMAND_LINE_ARGS_)
     return args;
   }
   // The name of the file in which the death test is located.
@@ -7479,6 +7829,8 @@
   *result = (&dummy < ptr);
 }
 
+// Make sure AddressSanitizer does not tamper with the stack here.
+GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_ADDRESS_
 bool StackGrowsDown() {
   int dummy;
   bool result;
@@ -7696,26 +8048,6 @@
   return true;
 }
 
-// Splits a given string on a given delimiter, populating a given
-// vector with the fields.  GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST implies that we have
-// ::std::string, so we can use it here.
-static void SplitString(const ::std::string& str, char delimiter,
-                        ::std::vector< ::std::string>* dest) {
-  ::std::vector< ::std::string> parsed;
-  ::std::string::size_type pos = 0;
-  while (::testing::internal::AlwaysTrue()) {
-    const ::std::string::size_type colon = str.find(delimiter, pos);
-    if (colon == ::std::string::npos) {
-      parsed.push_back(str.substr(pos));
-      break;
-    } else {
-      parsed.push_back(str.substr(pos, colon - pos));
-      pos = colon + 1;
-    }
-  }
-  dest->swap(parsed);
-}
-
 # if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
 // Recreates the pipe and event handles from the provided parameters,
 // signals the event, and returns a file descriptor wrapped around the pipe
@@ -7931,7 +8263,7 @@
 
 // Returns the current working directory, or "" if unsuccessful.
 FilePath FilePath::GetCurrentDir() {
-#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
+#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE || GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE || GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT
   // Windows CE doesn't have a current directory, so we just return
   // something reasonable.
   return FilePath(kCurrentDirectoryString);
@@ -7940,7 +8272,14 @@
   return FilePath(_getcwd(cwd, sizeof(cwd)) == NULL ? "" : cwd);
 #else
   char cwd[GTEST_PATH_MAX_ + 1] = { '\0' };
-  return FilePath(getcwd(cwd, sizeof(cwd)) == NULL ? "" : cwd);
+  char* result = getcwd(cwd, sizeof(cwd));
+# if GTEST_OS_NACL
+  // getcwd will likely fail in NaCl due to the sandbox, so return something
+  // reasonable. The user may have provided a shim implementation for getcwd,
+  // however, so fallback only when failure is detected.
+  return FilePath(result == NULL ? kCurrentDirectoryString : cwd);
+# endif  // GTEST_OS_NACL
+  return FilePath(result == NULL ? "" : cwd);
 #endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
 }
 
@@ -8248,15 +8587,16 @@
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
+#include <fstream>
 
-#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
-# include <windows.h>  // For TerminateProcess()
-#elif GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
+#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
+# include <windows.h>
 # include <io.h>
 # include <sys/stat.h>
+# include <map>  // Used in ThreadLocal.
 #else
 # include <unistd.h>
-#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
+#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
 
 #if GTEST_OS_MAC
 # include <mach/mach_init.h>
@@ -8266,15 +8606,16 @@
 
 #if GTEST_OS_QNX
 # include <devctl.h>
+# include <fcntl.h>
 # include <sys/procfs.h>
 #endif  // GTEST_OS_QNX
 
 
 // Indicates that this translation unit is part of Google Test's
 // implementation.  It must come before gtest-internal-inl.h is
-// included, or there will be a compiler error.  This trick is to
-// prevent a user from accidentally including gtest-internal-inl.h in
-// his code.
+// included, or there will be a compiler error.  This trick exists to
+// prevent the accidental inclusion of gtest-internal-inl.h in the
+// user's code.
 #define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 #undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
@@ -8290,10 +8631,31 @@
 const int kStdErrFileno = STDERR_FILENO;
 #endif  // _MSC_VER
 
-#if GTEST_OS_MAC
+#if GTEST_OS_LINUX
 
-// Returns the number of threads running in the process, or 0 to indicate that
-// we cannot detect it.
+namespace {
+template <typename T>
+T ReadProcFileField(const string& filename, int field) {
+  std::string dummy;
+  std::ifstream file(filename.c_str());
+  while (field-- > 0) {
+    file >> dummy;
+  }
+  T output = 0;
+  file >> output;
+  return output;
+}
+}  // namespace
+
+// Returns the number of active threads, or 0 when there is an error.
+size_t GetThreadCount() {
+  const string filename =
+      (Message() << "/proc/" << getpid() << "/stat").GetString();
+  return ReadProcFileField<int>(filename, 19);
+}
+
+#elif GTEST_OS_MAC
+
 size_t GetThreadCount() {
   const task_t task = mach_task_self();
   mach_msg_type_number_t thread_count;
@@ -8339,7 +8701,390 @@
   return 0;
 }
 
-#endif  // GTEST_OS_MAC
+#endif  // GTEST_OS_LINUX
+
+#if GTEST_IS_THREADSAFE && GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
+
+void SleepMilliseconds(int n) {
+  ::Sleep(n);
+}
+
+AutoHandle::AutoHandle()
+    : handle_(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {}
+
+AutoHandle::AutoHandle(Handle handle)
+    : handle_(handle) {}
+
+AutoHandle::~AutoHandle() {
+  Reset();
+}
+
+AutoHandle::Handle AutoHandle::Get() const {
+  return handle_;
+}
+
+void AutoHandle::Reset() {
+  Reset(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE);
+}
+
+void AutoHandle::Reset(HANDLE handle) {
+  // Resetting with the same handle we already own is invalid.
+  if (handle_ != handle) {
+    if (IsCloseable()) {
+      ::CloseHandle(handle_);
+    }
+    handle_ = handle;
+  } else {
+    GTEST_CHECK_(!IsCloseable())
+        << "Resetting a valid handle to itself is likely a programmer error "
+            "and thus not allowed.";
+  }
+}
+
+bool AutoHandle::IsCloseable() const {
+  // Different Windows APIs may use either of these values to represent an
+  // invalid handle.
+  return handle_ != NULL && handle_ != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
+}
+
+Notification::Notification()
+    : event_(::CreateEvent(NULL,   // Default security attributes.
+                           TRUE,   // Do not reset automatically.
+                           FALSE,  // Initially unset.
+                           NULL)) {  // Anonymous event.
+  GTEST_CHECK_(event_.Get() != NULL);
+}
+
+void Notification::Notify() {
+  GTEST_CHECK_(::SetEvent(event_.Get()) != FALSE);
+}
+
+void Notification::WaitForNotification() {
+  GTEST_CHECK_(
+      ::WaitForSingleObject(event_.Get(), INFINITE) == WAIT_OBJECT_0);
+}
+
+Mutex::Mutex()
+    : owner_thread_id_(0),
+      type_(kDynamic),
+      critical_section_init_phase_(0),
+      critical_section_(new CRITICAL_SECTION) {
+  ::InitializeCriticalSection(critical_section_);
+}
+
+Mutex::~Mutex() {
+  // Static mutexes are leaked intentionally. It is not thread-safe to try
+  // to clean them up.
+  // TODO(yukawa): Switch to Slim Reader/Writer (SRW) Locks, which requires
+  // nothing to clean it up but is available only on Vista and later.
+  // http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/aa904937.aspx
+  if (type_ == kDynamic) {
+    ::DeleteCriticalSection(critical_section_);
+    delete critical_section_;
+    critical_section_ = NULL;
+  }
+}
+
+void Mutex::Lock() {
+  ThreadSafeLazyInit();
+  ::EnterCriticalSection(critical_section_);
+  owner_thread_id_ = ::GetCurrentThreadId();
+}
+
+void Mutex::Unlock() {
+  ThreadSafeLazyInit();
+  // We don't protect writing to owner_thread_id_ here, as it's the
+  // caller's responsibility to ensure that the current thread holds the
+  // mutex when this is called.
+  owner_thread_id_ = 0;
+  ::LeaveCriticalSection(critical_section_);
+}
+
+// Does nothing if the current thread holds the mutex. Otherwise, crashes
+// with high probability.
+void Mutex::AssertHeld() {
+  ThreadSafeLazyInit();
+  GTEST_CHECK_(owner_thread_id_ == ::GetCurrentThreadId())
+      << "The current thread is not holding the mutex @" << this;
+}
+
+// Initializes owner_thread_id_ and critical_section_ in static mutexes.
+void Mutex::ThreadSafeLazyInit() {
+  // Dynamic mutexes are initialized in the constructor.
+  if (type_ == kStatic) {
+    switch (
+        ::InterlockedCompareExchange(&critical_section_init_phase_, 1L, 0L)) {
+      case 0:
+        // If critical_section_init_phase_ was 0 before the exchange, we
+        // are the first to test it and need to perform the initialization.
+        owner_thread_id_ = 0;
+        critical_section_ = new CRITICAL_SECTION;
+        ::InitializeCriticalSection(critical_section_);
+        // Updates the critical_section_init_phase_ to 2 to signal
+        // initialization complete.
+        GTEST_CHECK_(::InterlockedCompareExchange(
+                          &critical_section_init_phase_, 2L, 1L) ==
+                      1L);
+        break;
+      case 1:
+        // Somebody else is already initializing the mutex; spin until they
+        // are done.
+        while (::InterlockedCompareExchange(&critical_section_init_phase_,
+                                            2L,
+                                            2L) != 2L) {
+          // Possibly yields the rest of the thread's time slice to other
+          // threads.
+          ::Sleep(0);
+        }
+        break;
+
+      case 2:
+        break;  // The mutex is already initialized and ready for use.
+
+      default:
+        GTEST_CHECK_(false)
+            << "Unexpected value of critical_section_init_phase_ "
+            << "while initializing a static mutex.";
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+namespace {
+
+class ThreadWithParamSupport : public ThreadWithParamBase {
+ public:
+  static HANDLE CreateThread(Runnable* runnable,
+                             Notification* thread_can_start) {
+    ThreadMainParam* param = new ThreadMainParam(runnable, thread_can_start);
+    DWORD thread_id;
+    // TODO(yukawa): Consider to use _beginthreadex instead.
+    HANDLE thread_handle = ::CreateThread(
+        NULL,    // Default security.
+        0,       // Default stack size.
+        &ThreadWithParamSupport::ThreadMain,
+        param,   // Parameter to ThreadMainStatic
+        0x0,     // Default creation flags.
+        &thread_id);  // Need a valid pointer for the call to work under Win98.
+    GTEST_CHECK_(thread_handle != NULL) << "CreateThread failed with error "
+                                        << ::GetLastError() << ".";
+    if (thread_handle == NULL) {
+      delete param;
+    }
+    return thread_handle;
+  }
+
+ private:
+  struct ThreadMainParam {
+    ThreadMainParam(Runnable* runnable, Notification* thread_can_start)
+        : runnable_(runnable),
+          thread_can_start_(thread_can_start) {
+    }
+    scoped_ptr<Runnable> runnable_;
+    // Does not own.
+    Notification* thread_can_start_;
+  };
+
+  static DWORD WINAPI ThreadMain(void* ptr) {
+    // Transfers ownership.
+    scoped_ptr<ThreadMainParam> param(static_cast<ThreadMainParam*>(ptr));
+    if (param->thread_can_start_ != NULL)
+      param->thread_can_start_->WaitForNotification();
+    param->runnable_->Run();
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  // Prohibit instantiation.
+  ThreadWithParamSupport();
+
+  GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(ThreadWithParamSupport);
+};
+
+}  // namespace
+
+ThreadWithParamBase::ThreadWithParamBase(Runnable *runnable,
+                                         Notification* thread_can_start)
+      : thread_(ThreadWithParamSupport::CreateThread(runnable,
+                                                     thread_can_start)) {
+}
+
+ThreadWithParamBase::~ThreadWithParamBase() {
+  Join();
+}
+
+void ThreadWithParamBase::Join() {
+  GTEST_CHECK_(::WaitForSingleObject(thread_.Get(), INFINITE) == WAIT_OBJECT_0)
+      << "Failed to join the thread with error " << ::GetLastError() << ".";
+}
+
+// Maps a thread to a set of ThreadIdToThreadLocals that have values
+// instantiated on that thread and notifies them when the thread exits.  A
+// ThreadLocal instance is expected to persist until all threads it has
+// values on have terminated.
+class ThreadLocalRegistryImpl {
+ public:
+  // Registers thread_local_instance as having value on the current thread.
+  // Returns a value that can be used to identify the thread from other threads.
+  static ThreadLocalValueHolderBase* GetValueOnCurrentThread(
+      const ThreadLocalBase* thread_local_instance) {
+    DWORD current_thread = ::GetCurrentThreadId();
+    MutexLock lock(&mutex_);
+    ThreadIdToThreadLocals* const thread_to_thread_locals =
+        GetThreadLocalsMapLocked();
+    ThreadIdToThreadLocals::iterator thread_local_pos =
+        thread_to_thread_locals->find(current_thread);
+    if (thread_local_pos == thread_to_thread_locals->end()) {
+      thread_local_pos = thread_to_thread_locals->insert(
+          std::make_pair(current_thread, ThreadLocalValues())).first;
+      StartWatcherThreadFor(current_thread);
+    }
+    ThreadLocalValues& thread_local_values = thread_local_pos->second;
+    ThreadLocalValues::iterator value_pos =
+        thread_local_values.find(thread_local_instance);
+    if (value_pos == thread_local_values.end()) {
+      value_pos =
+          thread_local_values
+              .insert(std::make_pair(
+                  thread_local_instance,
+                  linked_ptr<ThreadLocalValueHolderBase>(
+                      thread_local_instance->NewValueForCurrentThread())))
+              .first;
+    }
+    return value_pos->second.get();
+  }
+
+  static void OnThreadLocalDestroyed(
+      const ThreadLocalBase* thread_local_instance) {
+    std::vector<linked_ptr<ThreadLocalValueHolderBase> > value_holders;
+    // Clean up the ThreadLocalValues data structure while holding the lock, but
+    // defer the destruction of the ThreadLocalValueHolderBases.
+    {
+      MutexLock lock(&mutex_);
+      ThreadIdToThreadLocals* const thread_to_thread_locals =
+          GetThreadLocalsMapLocked();
+      for (ThreadIdToThreadLocals::iterator it =
+          thread_to_thread_locals->begin();
+          it != thread_to_thread_locals->end();
+          ++it) {
+        ThreadLocalValues& thread_local_values = it->second;
+        ThreadLocalValues::iterator value_pos =
+            thread_local_values.find(thread_local_instance);
+        if (value_pos != thread_local_values.end()) {
+          value_holders.push_back(value_pos->second);
+          thread_local_values.erase(value_pos);
+          // This 'if' can only be successful at most once, so theoretically we
+          // could break out of the loop here, but we don't bother doing so.
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    // Outside the lock, let the destructor for 'value_holders' deallocate the
+    // ThreadLocalValueHolderBases.
+  }
+
+  static void OnThreadExit(DWORD thread_id) {
+    GTEST_CHECK_(thread_id != 0) << ::GetLastError();
+    std::vector<linked_ptr<ThreadLocalValueHolderBase> > value_holders;
+    // Clean up the ThreadIdToThreadLocals data structure while holding the
+    // lock, but defer the destruction of the ThreadLocalValueHolderBases.
+    {
+      MutexLock lock(&mutex_);
+      ThreadIdToThreadLocals* const thread_to_thread_locals =
+          GetThreadLocalsMapLocked();
+      ThreadIdToThreadLocals::iterator thread_local_pos =
+          thread_to_thread_locals->find(thread_id);
+      if (thread_local_pos != thread_to_thread_locals->end()) {
+        ThreadLocalValues& thread_local_values = thread_local_pos->second;
+        for (ThreadLocalValues::iterator value_pos =
+            thread_local_values.begin();
+            value_pos != thread_local_values.end();
+            ++value_pos) {
+          value_holders.push_back(value_pos->second);
+        }
+        thread_to_thread_locals->erase(thread_local_pos);
+      }
+    }
+    // Outside the lock, let the destructor for 'value_holders' deallocate the
+    // ThreadLocalValueHolderBases.
+  }
+
+ private:
+  // In a particular thread, maps a ThreadLocal object to its value.
+  typedef std::map<const ThreadLocalBase*,
+                   linked_ptr<ThreadLocalValueHolderBase> > ThreadLocalValues;
+  // Stores all ThreadIdToThreadLocals having values in a thread, indexed by
+  // thread's ID.
+  typedef std::map<DWORD, ThreadLocalValues> ThreadIdToThreadLocals;
+
+  // Holds the thread id and thread handle that we pass from
+  // StartWatcherThreadFor to WatcherThreadFunc.
+  typedef std::pair<DWORD, HANDLE> ThreadIdAndHandle;
+
+  static void StartWatcherThreadFor(DWORD thread_id) {
+    // The returned handle will be kept in thread_map and closed by
+    // watcher_thread in WatcherThreadFunc.
+    HANDLE thread = ::OpenThread(SYNCHRONIZE | THREAD_QUERY_INFORMATION,
+                                 FALSE,
+                                 thread_id);
+    GTEST_CHECK_(thread != NULL);
+    // We need to to pass a valid thread ID pointer into CreateThread for it
+    // to work correctly under Win98.
+    DWORD watcher_thread_id;
+    HANDLE watcher_thread = ::CreateThread(
+        NULL,   // Default security.
+        0,      // Default stack size
+        &ThreadLocalRegistryImpl::WatcherThreadFunc,
+        reinterpret_cast<LPVOID>(new ThreadIdAndHandle(thread_id, thread)),
+        CREATE_SUSPENDED,
+        &watcher_thread_id);
+    GTEST_CHECK_(watcher_thread != NULL);
+    // Give the watcher thread the same priority as ours to avoid being
+    // blocked by it.
+    ::SetThreadPriority(watcher_thread,
+                        ::GetThreadPriority(::GetCurrentThread()));
+    ::ResumeThread(watcher_thread);
+    ::CloseHandle(watcher_thread);
+  }
+
+  // Monitors exit from a given thread and notifies those
+  // ThreadIdToThreadLocals about thread termination.
+  static DWORD WINAPI WatcherThreadFunc(LPVOID param) {
+    const ThreadIdAndHandle* tah =
+        reinterpret_cast<const ThreadIdAndHandle*>(param);
+    GTEST_CHECK_(
+        ::WaitForSingleObject(tah->second, INFINITE) == WAIT_OBJECT_0);
+    OnThreadExit(tah->first);
+    ::CloseHandle(tah->second);
+    delete tah;
+    return 0;
+  }
+
+  // Returns map of thread local instances.
+  static ThreadIdToThreadLocals* GetThreadLocalsMapLocked() {
+    mutex_.AssertHeld();
+    static ThreadIdToThreadLocals* map = new ThreadIdToThreadLocals;
+    return map;
+  }
+
+  // Protects access to GetThreadLocalsMapLocked() and its return value.
+  static Mutex mutex_;
+  // Protects access to GetThreadMapLocked() and its return value.
+  static Mutex thread_map_mutex_;
+};
+
+Mutex ThreadLocalRegistryImpl::mutex_(Mutex::kStaticMutex);
+Mutex ThreadLocalRegistryImpl::thread_map_mutex_(Mutex::kStaticMutex);
+
+ThreadLocalValueHolderBase* ThreadLocalRegistry::GetValueOnCurrentThread(
+      const ThreadLocalBase* thread_local_instance) {
+  return ThreadLocalRegistryImpl::GetValueOnCurrentThread(
+      thread_local_instance);
+}
+
+void ThreadLocalRegistry::OnThreadLocalDestroyed(
+      const ThreadLocalBase* thread_local_instance) {
+  ThreadLocalRegistryImpl::OnThreadLocalDestroyed(thread_local_instance);
+}
+
+#endif  // GTEST_IS_THREADSAFE && GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
 
 #if GTEST_USES_POSIX_RE
 
@@ -8689,7 +9434,6 @@
     return file_name + ":" + StreamableToString(line);
 }
 
-
 GTestLog::GTestLog(GTestLogSeverity severity, const char* file, int line)
     : severity_(severity) {
   const char* const marker =
@@ -8710,10 +9454,7 @@
 }
 // Disable Microsoft deprecation warnings for POSIX functions called from
 // this class (creat, dup, dup2, and close)
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-# pragma warning(push)
-# pragma warning(disable: 4996)
-#endif  // _MSC_VER
+GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4996)
 
 #if GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION
 
@@ -8789,12 +9530,6 @@
   }
 
  private:
-  // Reads the entire content of a file as an std::string.
-  static std::string ReadEntireFile(FILE* file);
-
-  // Returns the size (in bytes) of a file.
-  static size_t GetFileSize(FILE* file);
-
   const int fd_;  // A stream to capture.
   int uncaptured_fd_;
   // Name of the temporary file holding the stderr output.
@@ -8803,38 +9538,7 @@
   GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(CapturedStream);
 };
 
-// Returns the size (in bytes) of a file.
-size_t CapturedStream::GetFileSize(FILE* file) {
-  fseek(file, 0, SEEK_END);
-  return static_cast<size_t>(ftell(file));
-}
-
-// Reads the entire content of a file as a string.
-std::string CapturedStream::ReadEntireFile(FILE* file) {
-  const size_t file_size = GetFileSize(file);
-  char* const buffer = new char[file_size];
-
-  size_t bytes_last_read = 0;  // # of bytes read in the last fread()
-  size_t bytes_read = 0;       // # of bytes read so far
-
-  fseek(file, 0, SEEK_SET);
-
-  // Keeps reading the file until we cannot read further or the
-  // pre-determined file size is reached.
-  do {
-    bytes_last_read = fread(buffer+bytes_read, 1, file_size-bytes_read, file);
-    bytes_read += bytes_last_read;
-  } while (bytes_last_read > 0 && bytes_read < file_size);
-
-  const std::string content(buffer, bytes_read);
-  delete[] buffer;
-
-  return content;
-}
-
-# ifdef _MSC_VER
-#  pragma warning(pop)
-# endif  // _MSC_VER
+GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()
 
 static CapturedStream* g_captured_stderr = NULL;
 static CapturedStream* g_captured_stdout = NULL;
@@ -8880,10 +9584,52 @@
 
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
+std::string TempDir() {
+#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
+  return "\\temp\\";
+#elif GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
+  const char* temp_dir = posix::GetEnv("TEMP");
+  if (temp_dir == NULL || temp_dir[0] == '\0')
+    return "\\temp\\";
+  else if (temp_dir[strlen(temp_dir) - 1] == '\\')
+    return temp_dir;
+  else
+    return std::string(temp_dir) + "\\";
+#elif GTEST_OS_LINUX_ANDROID
+  return "/sdcard/";
+#else
+  return "/tmp/";
+#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
+}
 
-// A copy of all command line arguments.  Set by InitGoogleTest().
-::std::vector<testing::internal::string> g_argvs;
+size_t GetFileSize(FILE* file) {
+  fseek(file, 0, SEEK_END);
+  return static_cast<size_t>(ftell(file));
+}
+
+std::string ReadEntireFile(FILE* file) {
+  const size_t file_size = GetFileSize(file);
+  char* const buffer = new char[file_size];
+
+  size_t bytes_last_read = 0;  // # of bytes read in the last fread()
+  size_t bytes_read = 0;       // # of bytes read so far
+
+  fseek(file, 0, SEEK_SET);
+
+  // Keeps reading the file until we cannot read further or the
+  // pre-determined file size is reached.
+  do {
+    bytes_last_read = fread(buffer+bytes_read, 1, file_size-bytes_read, file);
+    bytes_read += bytes_last_read;
+  } while (bytes_last_read > 0 && bytes_read < file_size);
+
+  const std::string content(buffer, bytes_read);
+  delete[] buffer;
+
+  return content;
+}
+
+#if GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
 
 static const ::std::vector<testing::internal::string>* g_injected_test_argvs =
                                         NULL;  // Owned.
@@ -8898,7 +9644,7 @@
   if (g_injected_test_argvs != NULL) {
     return *g_injected_test_argvs;
   }
-  return g_argvs;
+  return GetArgvs();
 }
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
 
@@ -8972,6 +9718,9 @@
 //
 // The value is considered true iff it's not "0".
 bool BoolFromGTestEnv(const char* flag, bool default_value) {
+#if defined(GTEST_GET_BOOL_FROM_ENV_)
+  return GTEST_GET_BOOL_FROM_ENV_(flag, default_value);
+#endif  // defined(GTEST_GET_BOOL_FROM_ENV_)
   const std::string env_var = FlagToEnvVar(flag);
   const char* const string_value = posix::GetEnv(env_var.c_str());
   return string_value == NULL ?
@@ -8982,6 +9731,9 @@
 // variable corresponding to the given flag; if it isn't set or
 // doesn't represent a valid 32-bit integer, returns default_value.
 Int32 Int32FromGTestEnv(const char* flag, Int32 default_value) {
+#if defined(GTEST_GET_INT32_FROM_ENV_)
+  return GTEST_GET_INT32_FROM_ENV_(flag, default_value);
+#endif  // defined(GTEST_GET_INT32_FROM_ENV_)
   const std::string env_var = FlagToEnvVar(flag);
   const char* const string_value = posix::GetEnv(env_var.c_str());
   if (string_value == NULL) {
@@ -9004,6 +9756,9 @@
 // Reads and returns the string environment variable corresponding to
 // the given flag; if it's not set, returns default_value.
 const char* StringFromGTestEnv(const char* flag, const char* default_value) {
+#if defined(GTEST_GET_STRING_FROM_ENV_)
+  return GTEST_GET_STRING_FROM_ENV_(flag, default_value);
+#endif  // defined(GTEST_GET_STRING_FROM_ENV_)
   const std::string env_var = FlagToEnvVar(flag);
   const char* const value = posix::GetEnv(env_var.c_str());
   return value == NULL ? default_value : value;
@@ -9057,6 +9812,7 @@
 
 #include <ctype.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
+#include <cwchar>
 #include <ostream>  // NOLINT
 #include <string>
 
@@ -9069,6 +9825,7 @@
 // Prints a segment of bytes in the given object.
 GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_MEMORY_
 GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_ADDRESS_
+GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_THREAD_
 void PrintByteSegmentInObjectTo(const unsigned char* obj_bytes, size_t start,
                                 size_t count, ostream* os) {
   char text[5] = "";
@@ -9267,6 +10024,7 @@
 template <typename CharType>
 GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_MEMORY_
 GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_ADDRESS_
+GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_THREAD_
 static void PrintCharsAsStringTo(
     const CharType* begin, size_t len, ostream* os) {
   const char* const kQuoteBegin = sizeof(CharType) == 1 ? "\"" : "L\"";
@@ -9290,6 +10048,7 @@
 template <typename CharType>
 GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_MEMORY_
 GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_ADDRESS_
+GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_THREAD_
 static void UniversalPrintCharArray(
     const CharType* begin, size_t len, ostream* os) {
   // The code
@@ -9346,7 +10105,7 @@
     *os << "NULL";
   } else {
     *os << ImplicitCast_<const void*>(s) << " pointing to ";
-    PrintCharsAsStringTo(s, wcslen(s), os);
+    PrintCharsAsStringTo(s, std::wcslen(s), os);
   }
 }
 #endif  // wchar_t is native
@@ -9414,9 +10173,9 @@
 
 // Indicates that this translation unit is part of Google Test's
 // implementation.  It must come before gtest-internal-inl.h is
-// included, or there will be a compiler error.  This trick is to
-// prevent a user from accidentally including gtest-internal-inl.h in
-// his code.
+// included, or there will be a compiler error.  This trick exists to
+// prevent the accidental inclusion of gtest-internal-inl.h in the
+// user's code.
 #define GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_ 1
 #undef GTEST_IMPLEMENTATION_
 
@@ -9531,33 +10290,41 @@
   return str;
 }
 
+static std::vector<std::string> SplitIntoTestNames(const char* src) {
+  std::vector<std::string> name_vec;
+  src = SkipSpaces(src);
+  for (; src != NULL; src = SkipComma(src)) {
+    name_vec.push_back(StripTrailingSpaces(GetPrefixUntilComma(src)));
+  }
+  return name_vec;
+}
+
 // Verifies that registered_tests match the test names in
-// defined_test_names_; returns registered_tests if successful, or
+// registered_tests_; returns registered_tests if successful, or
 // aborts the program otherwise.
 const char* TypedTestCasePState::VerifyRegisteredTestNames(
     const char* file, int line, const char* registered_tests) {
-  typedef ::std::set<const char*>::const_iterator DefinedTestIter;
+  typedef RegisteredTestsMap::const_iterator RegisteredTestIter;
   registered_ = true;
 
-  // Skip initial whitespace in registered_tests since some
-  // preprocessors prefix stringizied literals with whitespace.
-  registered_tests = SkipSpaces(registered_tests);
+  std::vector<std::string> name_vec = SplitIntoTestNames(registered_tests);
 
   Message errors;
-  ::std::set<std::string> tests;
-  for (const char* names = registered_tests; names != NULL;
-       names = SkipComma(names)) {
-    const std::string name = GetPrefixUntilComma(names);
+
+  std::set<std::string> tests;
+  for (std::vector<std::string>::const_iterator name_it = name_vec.begin();
+       name_it != name_vec.end(); ++name_it) {
+    const std::string& name = *name_it;
     if (tests.count(name) != 0) {
       errors << "Test " << name << " is listed more than once.\n";
       continue;
     }
 
     bool found = false;
-    for (DefinedTestIter it = defined_test_names_.begin();
-         it != defined_test_names_.end();
+    for (RegisteredTestIter it = registered_tests_.begin();
+         it != registered_tests_.end();
          ++it) {
-      if (name == *it) {
+      if (name == it->first) {
         found = true;
         break;
       }
@@ -9571,11 +10338,11 @@
     }
   }
 
-  for (DefinedTestIter it = defined_test_names_.begin();
-       it != defined_test_names_.end();
+  for (RegisteredTestIter it = registered_tests_.begin();
+       it != registered_tests_.end();
        ++it) {
-    if (tests.count(*it) == 0) {
-      errors << "You forgot to list test " << *it << ".\n";
+    if (tests.count(it->first) == 0) {
+      errors << "You forgot to list test " << it->first << ".\n";
     }
   }
 
@@ -10150,9 +10917,9 @@
 // .                                         [ sink ]  .
 //
 // See Also:
-//   [1] Cormen, et al (2001). "Section 26.2: The Ford–Fulkerson method".
-//       "Introduction to Algorithms (Second ed.)", pp. 651–664.
-//   [2] "Ford–Fulkerson algorithm", Wikipedia,
+//   [1] Cormen, et al (2001). "Section 26.2: The Ford-Fulkerson method".
+//       "Introduction to Algorithms (Second ed.)", pp. 651-664.
+//   [2] "Ford-Fulkerson algorithm", Wikipedia,
 //       'http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ford%E2%80%93Fulkerson_algorithm'
 class MaxBipartiteMatchState {
  public:
@@ -10699,9 +11466,12 @@
 // Reports an uninteresting call (whose description is in msg) in the
 // manner specified by 'reaction'.
 void ReportUninterestingCall(CallReaction reaction, const string& msg) {
+  // Include a stack trace only if --gmock_verbose=info is specified.
+  const int stack_frames_to_skip =
+      GMOCK_FLAG(verbose) == kInfoVerbosity ? 3 : -1;
   switch (reaction) {
     case kAllow:
-      Log(kInfo, msg, 3);
+      Log(kInfo, msg, stack_frames_to_skip);
       break;
     case kWarn:
       Log(kWarning,
@@ -10710,8 +11480,8 @@
           "call should not happen.  Do not suppress it by blindly adding "
           "an EXPECT_CALL() if you don't mean to enforce the call.  "
           "See http://code.google.com/p/googlemock/wiki/CookBook#"
-          "Knowing_When_to_Expect for details.",
-          3);
+          "Knowing_When_to_Expect for details.\n",
+          stack_frames_to_skip);
       break;
     default:  // FAIL
       Expect(false, NULL, -1, msg);
@@ -11378,8 +12148,9 @@
 //
 // On success, stores the value of the flag in *value, and returns
 // true.  On failure, returns false without changing *value.
+template <typename String>
 static bool ParseGoogleMockStringFlag(const char* str, const char* flag,
-                                      std::string* value) {
+                                      String* value) {
   // Gets the value of the flag as a string.
   const char* const value_str = ParseGoogleMockFlagValue(str, flag, false);
 
diff --git a/internal/ceres/gtest/gtest.h b/internal/ceres/gtest/gtest.h
index 56e10fa..13771e8 100644
--- a/internal/ceres/gtest/gtest.h
+++ b/internal/ceres/gtest/gtest.h
@@ -217,12 +217,12 @@
 //
 //   GTEST_OS_AIX      - IBM AIX
 //   GTEST_OS_CYGWIN   - Cygwin
+//   GTEST_OS_FREEBSD  - FreeBSD
 //   GTEST_OS_HPUX     - HP-UX
 //   GTEST_OS_LINUX    - Linux
 //     GTEST_OS_LINUX_ANDROID - Google Android
 //   GTEST_OS_MAC      - Mac OS X
 //     GTEST_OS_IOS    - iOS
-//       GTEST_OS_IOS_SIMULATOR - iOS simulator
 //   GTEST_OS_NACL     - Google Native Client (NaCl)
 //   GTEST_OS_OPENBSD  - OpenBSD
 //   GTEST_OS_QNX      - QNX
@@ -232,6 +232,8 @@
 //     GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_DESKTOP  - Windows Desktop
 //     GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MINGW    - MinGW
 //     GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE   - Windows Mobile
+//     GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE    - Windows Phone
+//     GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT       - Windows Store App/WinRT
 //   GTEST_OS_ZOS      - z/OS
 //
 // Among the platforms, Cygwin, Linux, Max OS X, and Windows have the
@@ -300,7 +302,7 @@
 //
 // C++11 feature wrappers:
 //
-//   GTEST_MOVE_          - portability wrapper for std::move.
+//   testing::internal::move  - portability wrapper for std::move.
 //
 // Synchronization:
 //   Mutex, MutexLock, ThreadLocal, GetThreadCount()
@@ -365,24 +367,49 @@
 # include <TargetConditionals.h>
 #endif
 
+#include <algorithm>  // NOLINT
 #include <iostream>  // NOLINT
 #include <sstream>  // NOLINT
 #include <string>  // NOLINT
 #include <utility>
+#include <vector>  // NOLINT
 
-#define GTEST_DEV_EMAIL_ "googletestframework@@googlegroups.com"
-#define GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_ "gtest_"
-#define GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_DASH_ "gtest-"
-#define GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_UPPER_ "GTEST_"
-#define GTEST_NAME_ "Google Test"
-#define GTEST_PROJECT_URL_ "http://code.google.com/p/googletest/"
+// Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+// met:
+//
+//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+// distribution.
+//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+// this software without specific prior written permission.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+//
+// The Google C++ Testing Framework (Google Test)
+//
+// This header file defines the GTEST_OS_* macro.
+// It is separate from gtest-port.h so that custom/gtest-port.h can include it.
 
-// Determines the version of gcc that is used to compile this.
-#ifdef __GNUC__
-// 40302 means version 4.3.2.
-# define GTEST_GCC_VER_ \
-    (__GNUC__*10000 + __GNUC_MINOR__*100 + __GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__)
-#endif  // __GNUC__
+#ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PORT_ARCH_H_
+#define GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PORT_ARCH_H_
 
 // Determines the platform on which Google Test is compiled.
 #ifdef __CYGWIN__
@@ -395,6 +422,19 @@
 #  define GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE 1
 # elif defined(__MINGW__) || defined(__MINGW32__)
 #  define GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MINGW 1
+# elif defined(WINAPI_FAMILY)
+#  include <winapifamily.h>
+#  if WINAPI_FAMILY_PARTITION(WINAPI_PARTITION_DESKTOP)
+#   define GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_DESKTOP 1
+#  elif WINAPI_FAMILY_PARTITION(WINAPI_PARTITION_PHONE_APP)
+#   define GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE 1
+#  elif WINAPI_FAMILY_PARTITION(WINAPI_PARTITION_APP)
+#   define GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT 1
+#  else
+    // WINAPI_FAMILY defined but no known partition matched.
+    // Default to desktop.
+#   define GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_DESKTOP 1
+#  endif
 # else
 #  define GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_DESKTOP 1
 # endif  // _WIN32_WCE
@@ -402,10 +442,9 @@
 # define GTEST_OS_MAC 1
 # if TARGET_OS_IPHONE
 #  define GTEST_OS_IOS 1
-#  if TARGET_IPHONE_SIMULATOR
-#   define GTEST_OS_IOS_SIMULATOR 1
-#  endif
 # endif
+#elif defined __FreeBSD__
+# define GTEST_OS_FREEBSD 1
 #elif defined __linux__
 # define GTEST_OS_LINUX 1
 # if defined __ANDROID__
@@ -427,6 +466,114 @@
 # define GTEST_OS_QNX 1
 #endif  // __CYGWIN__
 
+#endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PORT_ARCH_H_
+// Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+// met:
+//
+//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+// distribution.
+//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+// this software without specific prior written permission.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+//
+// Injection point for custom user configurations.
+// The following macros can be defined:
+//
+//   Flag related macros:
+//     GTEST_FLAG(flag_name)
+//     GTEST_USE_OWN_FLAGFILE_FLAG_  - Define to 0 when the system provides its
+//                                     own flagfile flag parsing.
+//     GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(name)
+//     GTEST_DECLARE_int32_(name)
+//     GTEST_DECLARE_string_(name)
+//     GTEST_DEFINE_bool_(name, default_val, doc)
+//     GTEST_DEFINE_int32_(name, default_val, doc)
+//     GTEST_DEFINE_string_(name, default_val, doc)
+//
+//   Test filtering:
+//     GTEST_TEST_FILTER_ENV_VAR_ - The name of an environment variable that
+//                                  will be used if --GTEST_FLAG(test_filter)
+//                                  is not provided.
+//
+//   Logging:
+//     GTEST_LOG_(severity)
+//     GTEST_CHECK_(condition)
+//     Functions LogToStderr() and FlushInfoLog() have to be provided too.
+//
+//   Threading:
+//     GTEST_HAS_NOTIFICATION_ - Enabled if Notification is already provided.
+//     GTEST_HAS_MUTEX_AND_THREAD_LOCAL_ - Enabled if Mutex and ThreadLocal are
+//                                         already provided.
+//     Must also provide GTEST_DECLARE_STATIC_MUTEX_(mutex) and
+//     GTEST_DEFINE_STATIC_MUTEX_(mutex)
+//
+//     GTEST_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK_REQUIRED_(locks)
+//     GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(locks)
+//
+// ** Custom implementation starts here **
+
+#ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_PORT_H_
+#define GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_PORT_H_
+
+#endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_PORT_H_
+
+#if !defined(GTEST_DEV_EMAIL_)
+# define GTEST_DEV_EMAIL_ "googletestframework@@googlegroups.com"
+# define GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_ "gtest_"
+# define GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_DASH_ "gtest-"
+# define GTEST_FLAG_PREFIX_UPPER_ "GTEST_"
+# define GTEST_NAME_ "Google Test"
+# define GTEST_PROJECT_URL_ "http://code.google.com/p/googletest/"
+#endif  // !defined(GTEST_DEV_EMAIL_)
+
+#if !defined(GTEST_INIT_GOOGLE_TEST_NAME_)
+# define GTEST_INIT_GOOGLE_TEST_NAME_ "testing::InitGoogleTest"
+#endif  // !defined(GTEST_INIT_GOOGLE_TEST_NAME_)
+
+// Determines the version of gcc that is used to compile this.
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+// 40302 means version 4.3.2.
+# define GTEST_GCC_VER_ \
+    (__GNUC__*10000 + __GNUC_MINOR__*100 + __GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__)
+#endif  // __GNUC__
+
+// Macros for disabling Microsoft Visual C++ warnings.
+//
+//   GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4800 4385)
+//   /* code that triggers warnings C4800 and C4385 */
+//   GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()
+#if _MSC_VER >= 1500
+# define GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(warnings) \
+    __pragma(warning(push))                        \
+    __pragma(warning(disable: warnings))
+# define GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()          \
+    __pragma(warning(pop))
+#else
+// Older versions of MSVC don't have __pragma.
+# define GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(warnings)
+# define GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()
+#endif
+
 #ifndef GTEST_LANG_CXX11
 // gcc and clang define __GXX_EXPERIMENTAL_CXX0X__ when
 // -std={c,gnu}++{0x,11} is passed.  The C++11 standard specifies a
@@ -440,12 +587,35 @@
 # endif
 #endif
 
-// C++11 specifies that <initializer_list> provides std::initializer_list. Use
-// that if gtest is used in C++11 mode and libstdc++ isn't very old (binaries
-// targeting OS X 10.6 can build with clang but need to use gcc4.2's
-// libstdc++).
-#if GTEST_LANG_CXX11 && (!defined(__GLIBCXX__) || __GLIBCXX__ > 20110325)
+// Distinct from C++11 language support, some environments don't provide
+// proper C++11 library support. Notably, it's possible to build in
+// C++11 mode when targeting Mac OS X 10.6, which has an old libstdc++
+// with no C++11 support.
+//
+// libstdc++ has sufficient C++11 support as of GCC 4.6.0, __GLIBCXX__
+// 20110325, but maintenance releases in the 4.4 and 4.5 series followed
+// this date, so check for those versions by their date stamps.
+// https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/libstdc++/manual/abi.html#abi.versioning
+#if GTEST_LANG_CXX11 && \
+    (!defined(__GLIBCXX__) || ( \
+        __GLIBCXX__ >= 20110325ul &&  /* GCC >= 4.6.0 */ \
+        /* Blacklist of patch releases of older branches: */ \
+        __GLIBCXX__ != 20110416ul &&  /* GCC 4.4.6 */ \
+        __GLIBCXX__ != 20120313ul &&  /* GCC 4.4.7 */ \
+        __GLIBCXX__ != 20110428ul &&  /* GCC 4.5.3 */ \
+        __GLIBCXX__ != 20120702ul))   /* GCC 4.5.4 */
+# define GTEST_STDLIB_CXX11 1
+#endif
+
+// Only use C++11 library features if the library provides them.
+#if GTEST_STDLIB_CXX11
+# define GTEST_HAS_STD_BEGIN_AND_END_ 1
+# define GTEST_HAS_STD_FORWARD_LIST_ 1
+# define GTEST_HAS_STD_FUNCTION_ 1
 # define GTEST_HAS_STD_INITIALIZER_LIST_ 1
+# define GTEST_HAS_STD_MOVE_ 1
+# define GTEST_HAS_STD_UNIQUE_PTR_ 1
+# define GTEST_HAS_STD_SHARED_PTR_ 1
 #endif
 
 // C++11 specifies that <tuple> provides std::tuple.
@@ -475,16 +645,23 @@
 // Brings in definitions for functions used in the testing::internal::posix
 // namespace (read, write, close, chdir, isatty, stat). We do not currently
 // use them on Windows Mobile.
-#if !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
+#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
+# if !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
+#  include <direct.h>
+#  include <io.h>
+# endif
+// In order to avoid having to include <windows.h>, use forward declaration
+// assuming CRITICAL_SECTION is a typedef of _RTL_CRITICAL_SECTION.
+// This assumption is verified by
+// WindowsTypesTest.CRITICAL_SECTIONIs_RTL_CRITICAL_SECTION.
+struct _RTL_CRITICAL_SECTION;
+#else
 // This assumes that non-Windows OSes provide unistd.h. For OSes where this
 // is not the case, we need to include headers that provide the functions
 // mentioned above.
 # include <unistd.h>
 # include <strings.h>
-#elif !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
-# include <direct.h>
-# include <io.h>
-#endif
+#endif  // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
 
 #if GTEST_OS_LINUX_ANDROID
 // Used to define __ANDROID_API__ matching the target NDK API level.
@@ -501,7 +678,10 @@
 # endif
 #endif
 
-#if GTEST_HAS_POSIX_RE
+#if GTEST_USES_PCRE
+// The appropriate headers have already been included.
+
+#elif GTEST_HAS_POSIX_RE
 
 // On some platforms, <regex.h> needs someone to define size_t, and
 // won't compile otherwise.  We can #include it here as we already
@@ -523,7 +703,7 @@
 // simple regex implementation instead.
 # define GTEST_USES_SIMPLE_RE 1
 
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_POSIX_RE
+#endif  // GTEST_USES_PCRE
 
 #ifndef GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS
 // The user didn't tell us whether exceptions are enabled, so we need
@@ -536,6 +716,15 @@
 #   define _HAS_EXCEPTIONS 1
 #  endif  // _HAS_EXCEPTIONS
 #  define GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS _HAS_EXCEPTIONS
+# elif defined(__clang__)
+// clang defines __EXCEPTIONS iff exceptions are enabled before clang 220714,
+// but iff cleanups are enabled after that. In Obj-C++ files, there can be
+// cleanups for ObjC exceptions which also need cleanups, even if C++ exceptions
+// are disabled. clang has __has_feature(cxx_exceptions) which checks for C++
+// exceptions starting at clang r206352, but which checked for cleanups prior to
+// that. To reliably check for C++ exception availability with clang, check for
+// __EXCEPTIONS && __has_feature(cxx_exceptions).
+#  define GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS (__EXCEPTIONS && __has_feature(cxx_exceptions))
 # elif defined(__GNUC__) && __EXCEPTIONS
 // gcc defines __EXCEPTIONS to 1 iff exceptions are enabled.
 #  define GTEST_HAS_EXCEPTIONS 1
@@ -661,13 +850,13 @@
 
 // Determines whether Google Test can use the pthreads library.
 #ifndef GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD
-// The user didn't tell us explicitly, so we assume pthreads support is
-// available on Linux and Mac.
+// The user didn't tell us explicitly, so we make reasonable assumptions about
+// which platforms have pthreads support.
 //
 // To disable threading support in Google Test, add -DGTEST_HAS_PTHREAD=0
 // to your compiler flags.
 # define GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD (GTEST_OS_LINUX || GTEST_OS_MAC || GTEST_OS_HPUX \
-    || GTEST_OS_QNX)
+    || GTEST_OS_QNX || GTEST_OS_FREEBSD || GTEST_OS_NACL)
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD
 
 #if GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD
@@ -679,6 +868,15 @@
 # include <time.h>  // NOLINT
 #endif
 
+// Determines if hash_map/hash_set are available.
+// Only used for testing against those containers.
+#if !defined(GTEST_HAS_HASH_MAP_)
+# if _MSC_VER
+#  define GTEST_HAS_HASH_MAP_ 1  // Indicates that hash_map is available.
+#  define GTEST_HAS_HASH_SET_ 1  // Indicates that hash_set is available.
+# endif  // _MSC_VER
+#endif  // !defined(GTEST_HAS_HASH_MAP_)
+
 // Determines whether Google Test can use tr1/tuple.  You can define
 // this macro to 0 to prevent Google Test from using tuple (any
 // feature depending on tuple with be disabled in this mode).
@@ -729,8 +927,18 @@
 
 // To avoid conditional compilation everywhere, we make it
 // gtest-port.h's responsibility to #include the header implementing
-// tr1/tuple.
+// tuple.
+#if GTEST_HAS_STD_TUPLE_
+# include <tuple>  // IWYU pragma: export
+# define GTEST_TUPLE_NAMESPACE_ ::std
+#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_TUPLE_
+
+// We include tr1::tuple even if std::tuple is available to define printers for
+// them.
 #if GTEST_HAS_TR1_TUPLE
+# ifndef GTEST_TUPLE_NAMESPACE_
+#  define GTEST_TUPLE_NAMESPACE_ ::std::tr1
+# endif  // GTEST_TUPLE_NAMESPACE_
 
 # if GTEST_USE_OWN_TR1_TUPLE
 // This file was GENERATED by command:
@@ -1783,7 +1991,7 @@
 // This prevents <boost/tr1/detail/config.hpp>, which defines
 // BOOST_HAS_TR1_TUPLE, from being #included by Boost's <tuple>.
 #  define BOOST_TR1_DETAIL_CONFIG_HPP_INCLUDED
-#  include <tuple>
+#  include <tuple>  // IWYU pragma: export  // NOLINT
 
 # elif defined(__GNUC__) && (GTEST_GCC_VER_ >= 40000)
 // GCC 4.0+ implements tr1/tuple in the <tr1/tuple> header.  This does
@@ -1806,7 +2014,7 @@
 # else
 // If the compiler is not GCC 4.0+, we assume the user is using a
 // spec-conforming TR1 implementation.
-#  include <tuple>  // NOLINT
+#  include <tuple>  // IWYU pragma: export  // NOLINT
 # endif  // GTEST_USE_OWN_TR1_TUPLE
 
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_TR1_TUPLE
@@ -1840,7 +2048,8 @@
 #ifndef GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION
 // By default, we assume that stream redirection is supported on all
 // platforms except known mobile ones.
-# if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE || GTEST_OS_SYMBIAN
+# if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE || GTEST_OS_SYMBIAN || \
+    GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE || GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT
 #  define GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION 0
 # else
 #  define GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION 1
@@ -1852,12 +2061,11 @@
 // abort() in a VC 7.1 application compiled as GUI in debug config
 // pops up a dialog window that cannot be suppressed programmatically.
 #if (GTEST_OS_LINUX || GTEST_OS_CYGWIN || GTEST_OS_SOLARIS || \
-     (GTEST_OS_MAC && !GTEST_OS_IOS) || GTEST_OS_IOS_SIMULATOR || \
+     (GTEST_OS_MAC && !GTEST_OS_IOS) || \
      (GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_DESKTOP && _MSC_VER >= 1400) || \
      GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MINGW || GTEST_OS_AIX || GTEST_OS_HPUX || \
-     GTEST_OS_OPENBSD || GTEST_OS_QNX)
+     GTEST_OS_OPENBSD || GTEST_OS_QNX || GTEST_OS_FREEBSD)
 # define GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST 1
-# include <vector>  // NOLINT
 #endif
 
 // We don't support MSVC 7.1 with exceptions disabled now.  Therefore
@@ -1921,7 +2129,12 @@
 // compiler the variable/parameter does not have to be used.
 #if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(COMPILER_ICC)
 # define GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_ __attribute__ ((unused))
-#else
+#elif defined(__clang__)
+# if __has_attribute(unused)
+#  define GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_ __attribute__ ((unused))
+# endif
+#endif
+#ifndef GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_
 # define GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_
 #endif
 
@@ -1947,30 +2160,18 @@
 # define GTEST_MUST_USE_RESULT_
 #endif  // __GNUC__ && (GTEST_GCC_VER_ >= 30400) && !COMPILER_ICC
 
-#if GTEST_LANG_CXX11
-# define GTEST_MOVE_(x) ::std::move(x)  // NOLINT
-#else
-# define GTEST_MOVE_(x) x
-#endif
-
 // MS C++ compiler emits warning when a conditional expression is compile time
 // constant. In some contexts this warning is false positive and needs to be
 // suppressed. Use the following two macros in such cases:
 //
-// GTEST_INTENTIONAL_CONST_COND_PUSH_
+// GTEST_INTENTIONAL_CONST_COND_PUSH_()
 // while (true) {
-// GTEST_INTENTIONAL_CONST_COND_POP_
+// GTEST_INTENTIONAL_CONST_COND_POP_()
 // }
-#if defined(_MSC_VER)
-# define GTEST_INTENTIONAL_CONST_COND_PUSH_ \
-    __pragma(warning(push)) \
-    __pragma(warning(disable: 4127))
-# define GTEST_INTENTIONAL_CONST_COND_POP_ \
-    __pragma(warning(pop))
-#else
-# define GTEST_INTENTIONAL_CONST_COND_PUSH_
-# define GTEST_INTENTIONAL_CONST_COND_POP_
-#endif
+# define GTEST_INTENTIONAL_CONST_COND_PUSH_() \
+    GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4127)
+# define GTEST_INTENTIONAL_CONST_COND_POP_() \
+    GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()
 
 // Determine whether the compiler supports Microsoft's Structured Exception
 // Handling.  This is supported by several Windows compilers but generally
@@ -1986,6 +2187,11 @@
 #  define GTEST_HAS_SEH 0
 # endif
 
+#define GTEST_IS_THREADSAFE \
+    (GTEST_HAS_MUTEX_AND_THREAD_LOCAL_ \
+     || (GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT) \
+     || GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD)
+
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_SEH
 
 #ifdef _MSC_VER
@@ -2041,10 +2247,33 @@
 # define GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_ADDRESS_
 #endif  // __clang__
 
+// A function level attribute to disable ThreadSanitizer instrumentation.
+#if defined(__clang__)
+# if __has_feature(thread_sanitizer)
+#  define GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_THREAD_ \
+       __attribute__((no_sanitize_thread))
+# else
+#  define GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_THREAD_
+# endif  // __has_feature(thread_sanitizer)
+#else
+# define GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_NO_SANITIZE_THREAD_
+#endif  // __clang__
+
 namespace testing {
 
 class Message;
 
+#if defined(GTEST_TUPLE_NAMESPACE_)
+// Import tuple and friends into the ::testing namespace.
+// It is part of our interface, having them in ::testing allows us to change
+// their types as needed.
+using GTEST_TUPLE_NAMESPACE_::get;
+using GTEST_TUPLE_NAMESPACE_::make_tuple;
+using GTEST_TUPLE_NAMESPACE_::tuple;
+using GTEST_TUPLE_NAMESPACE_::tuple_size;
+using GTEST_TUPLE_NAMESPACE_::tuple_element;
+#endif  // defined(GTEST_TUPLE_NAMESPACE_)
+
 namespace internal {
 
 // A secret type that Google Test users don't know about.  It has no
@@ -2067,16 +2296,22 @@
 // the expression is false, most compilers will issue a warning/error
 // containing the name of the variable.
 
+#if GTEST_LANG_CXX11
+# define GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_(expr, msg) static_assert(expr, #msg)
+#else  // !GTEST_LANG_CXX11
 template <bool>
-struct CompileAssert {
+  struct CompileAssert {
 };
 
-#define GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_(expr, msg) \
+# define GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_(expr, msg) \
   typedef ::testing::internal::CompileAssert<(static_cast<bool>(expr))> \
       msg[static_cast<bool>(expr) ? 1 : -1] GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_
+#endif  // !GTEST_LANG_CXX11
 
 // Implementation details of GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_:
 //
+// (In C++11, we simply use static_assert instead of the following)
+//
 // - GTEST_COMPILE_ASSERT_ works by defining an array type that has -1
 //   elements (and thus is invalid) when the expression is false.
 //
@@ -2123,7 +2358,9 @@
 struct StaticAssertTypeEqHelper;
 
 template <typename T>
-struct StaticAssertTypeEqHelper<T, T> {};
+struct StaticAssertTypeEqHelper<T, T> {
+  enum { value = true };
+};
 
 // Evaluates to the number of elements in 'array'.
 #define GTEST_ARRAY_SIZE_(array) (sizeof(array) / sizeof(array[0]))
@@ -2175,6 +2412,11 @@
     }
   }
 
+  friend void swap(scoped_ptr& a, scoped_ptr& b) {
+    using std::swap;
+    swap(a.ptr_, b.ptr_);
+  }
+
  private:
   T* ptr_;
 
@@ -2298,13 +2540,18 @@
   GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(GTestLog);
 };
 
-#define GTEST_LOG_(severity) \
+#if !defined(GTEST_LOG_)
+
+# define GTEST_LOG_(severity) \
     ::testing::internal::GTestLog(::testing::internal::GTEST_##severity, \
                                   __FILE__, __LINE__).GetStream()
 
 inline void LogToStderr() {}
 inline void FlushInfoLog() { fflush(NULL); }
 
+#endif  // !defined(GTEST_LOG_)
+
+#if !defined(GTEST_CHECK_)
 // INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE.
 //
 // GTEST_CHECK_ is an all-mode assert. It aborts the program if the condition
@@ -2319,12 +2566,13 @@
 //    condition itself, plus additional message streamed into it, if any,
 //    and then it aborts the program. It aborts the program irrespective of
 //    whether it is built in the debug mode or not.
-#define GTEST_CHECK_(condition) \
+# define GTEST_CHECK_(condition) \
     GTEST_AMBIGUOUS_ELSE_BLOCKER_ \
     if (::testing::internal::IsTrue(condition)) \
       ; \
     else \
       GTEST_LOG_(FATAL) << "Condition " #condition " failed. "
+#endif  // !defined(GTEST_CHECK_)
 
 // An all-mode assert to verify that the given POSIX-style function
 // call returns 0 (indicating success).  Known limitation: this
@@ -2336,6 +2584,15 @@
     GTEST_LOG_(FATAL) << #posix_call << "failed with error " \
                       << gtest_error
 
+#if GTEST_HAS_STD_MOVE_
+using std::move;
+#else  // GTEST_HAS_STD_MOVE_
+template <typename T>
+const T& move(const T& t) {
+  return t;
+}
+#endif  // GTEST_HAS_STD_MOVE_
+
 // INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN USER CODE.
 //
 // Use ImplicitCast_ as a safe version of static_cast for upcasting in
@@ -2386,9 +2643,9 @@
   // for compile-time type checking, and has no overhead in an
   // optimized build at run-time, as it will be optimized away
   // completely.
-  GTEST_INTENTIONAL_CONST_COND_PUSH_
+  GTEST_INTENTIONAL_CONST_COND_PUSH_()
   if (false) {
-  GTEST_INTENTIONAL_CONST_COND_POP_
+  GTEST_INTENTIONAL_CONST_COND_POP_()
     const To to = NULL;
     ::testing::internal::ImplicitCast_<From*>(to);
   }
@@ -2409,6 +2666,11 @@
 Derived* CheckedDowncastToActualType(Base* base) {
 #if GTEST_HAS_RTTI
   GTEST_CHECK_(typeid(*base) == typeid(Derived));
+#endif
+
+#if GTEST_HAS_DOWNCAST_
+  return ::down_cast<Derived*>(base);
+#elif GTEST_HAS_RTTI
   return dynamic_cast<Derived*>(base);  // NOLINT
 #else
   return static_cast<Derived*>(base);  // Poor man's downcast.
@@ -2430,6 +2692,17 @@
 
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_STREAM_REDIRECTION
 
+// Returns a path to temporary directory.
+GTEST_API_ std::string TempDir();
+
+// Returns the size (in bytes) of a file.
+GTEST_API_ size_t GetFileSize(FILE* file);
+
+// Reads the entire content of a file as a string.
+GTEST_API_ std::string ReadEntireFile(FILE* file);
+
+// All command line arguments.
+GTEST_API_ const ::std::vector<testing::internal::string>& GetArgvs();
 
 #if GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
 
@@ -2437,18 +2710,15 @@
 void SetInjectableArgvs(const ::std::vector<testing::internal::string>*
                              new_argvs);
 
-// A copy of all command line arguments.  Set by InitGoogleTest().
-extern ::std::vector<testing::internal::string> g_argvs;
 
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST
 
 // Defines synchronization primitives.
-
-#if GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD
-
-// Sleeps for (roughly) n milli-seconds.  This function is only for
-// testing Google Test's own constructs.  Don't use it in user tests,
-// either directly or indirectly.
+#if GTEST_IS_THREADSAFE
+# if GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD
+// Sleeps for (roughly) n milliseconds.  This function is only for testing
+// Google Test's own constructs.  Don't use it in user tests, either
+// directly or indirectly.
 inline void SleepMilliseconds(int n) {
   const timespec time = {
     0,                  // 0 seconds.
@@ -2456,7 +2726,13 @@
   };
   nanosleep(&time, NULL);
 }
+# endif  // GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD
 
+# if GTEST_HAS_NOTIFICATION_
+// Notification has already been imported into the namespace.
+// Nothing to do here.
+
+# elif GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD
 // Allows a controller thread to pause execution of newly created
 // threads until notified.  Instances of this class must be created
 // and destroyed in the controller thread.
@@ -2500,6 +2776,62 @@
   GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(Notification);
 };
 
+# elif GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT
+
+GTEST_API_ void SleepMilliseconds(int n);
+
+// Provides leak-safe Windows kernel handle ownership.
+// Used in death tests and in threading support.
+class GTEST_API_ AutoHandle {
+ public:
+  // Assume that Win32 HANDLE type is equivalent to void*. Doing so allows us to
+  // avoid including <windows.h> in this header file. Including <windows.h> is
+  // undesirable because it defines a lot of symbols and macros that tend to
+  // conflict with client code. This assumption is verified by
+  // WindowsTypesTest.HANDLEIsVoidStar.
+  typedef void* Handle;
+  AutoHandle();
+  explicit AutoHandle(Handle handle);
+
+  ~AutoHandle();
+
+  Handle Get() const;
+  void Reset();
+  void Reset(Handle handle);
+
+ private:
+  // Returns true iff the handle is a valid handle object that can be closed.
+  bool IsCloseable() const;
+
+  Handle handle_;
+
+  GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(AutoHandle);
+};
+
+// Allows a controller thread to pause execution of newly created
+// threads until notified.  Instances of this class must be created
+// and destroyed in the controller thread.
+//
+// This class is only for testing Google Test's own constructs. Do not
+// use it in user tests, either directly or indirectly.
+class GTEST_API_ Notification {
+ public:
+  Notification();
+  void Notify();
+  void WaitForNotification();
+
+ private:
+  AutoHandle event_;
+
+  GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(Notification);
+};
+# endif  // GTEST_HAS_NOTIFICATION_
+
+// On MinGW, we can have both GTEST_OS_WINDOWS and GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD
+// defined, but we don't want to use MinGW's pthreads implementation, which
+// has conformance problems with some versions of the POSIX standard.
+# if GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MINGW
+
 // As a C-function, ThreadFuncWithCLinkage cannot be templated itself.
 // Consequently, it cannot select a correct instantiation of ThreadWithParam
 // in order to call its Run(). Introducing ThreadWithParamBase as a
@@ -2537,10 +2869,9 @@
 template <typename T>
 class ThreadWithParam : public ThreadWithParamBase {
  public:
-  typedef void (*UserThreadFunc)(T);
+  typedef void UserThreadFunc(T);
 
-  ThreadWithParam(
-      UserThreadFunc func, T param, Notification* thread_can_start)
+  ThreadWithParam(UserThreadFunc* func, T param, Notification* thread_can_start)
       : func_(func),
         param_(param),
         thread_can_start_(thread_can_start),
@@ -2567,7 +2898,7 @@
   }
 
  private:
-  const UserThreadFunc func_;  // User-supplied thread function.
+  UserThreadFunc* const func_;  // User-supplied thread function.
   const T param_;  // User-supplied parameter to the thread function.
   // When non-NULL, used to block execution until the controller thread
   // notifies.
@@ -2577,26 +2908,293 @@
 
   GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(ThreadWithParam);
 };
+# endif  // !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD ||
+         // GTEST_HAS_MUTEX_AND_THREAD_LOCAL_
 
-// MutexBase and Mutex implement mutex on pthreads-based platforms. They
-// are used in conjunction with class MutexLock:
+# if GTEST_HAS_MUTEX_AND_THREAD_LOCAL_
+// Mutex and ThreadLocal have already been imported into the namespace.
+// Nothing to do here.
+
+# elif GTEST_OS_WINDOWS && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT
+
+// Mutex implements mutex on Windows platforms.  It is used in conjunction
+// with class MutexLock:
 //
 //   Mutex mutex;
 //   ...
-//   MutexLock lock(&mutex);  // Acquires the mutex and releases it at the end
-//                            // of the current scope.
+//   MutexLock lock(&mutex);  // Acquires the mutex and releases it at the
+//                            // end of the current scope.
 //
-// MutexBase implements behavior for both statically and dynamically
-// allocated mutexes.  Do not use MutexBase directly.  Instead, write
-// the following to define a static mutex:
-//
+// A static Mutex *must* be defined or declared using one of the following
+// macros:
 //   GTEST_DEFINE_STATIC_MUTEX_(g_some_mutex);
-//
-// You can forward declare a static mutex like this:
-//
 //   GTEST_DECLARE_STATIC_MUTEX_(g_some_mutex);
 //
-// To create a dynamic mutex, just define an object of type Mutex.
+// (A non-static Mutex is defined/declared in the usual way).
+class GTEST_API_ Mutex {
+ public:
+  enum MutexType { kStatic = 0, kDynamic = 1 };
+  // We rely on kStaticMutex being 0 as it is to what the linker initializes
+  // type_ in static mutexes.  critical_section_ will be initialized lazily
+  // in ThreadSafeLazyInit().
+  enum StaticConstructorSelector { kStaticMutex = 0 };
+
+  // This constructor intentionally does nothing.  It relies on type_ being
+  // statically initialized to 0 (effectively setting it to kStatic) and on
+  // ThreadSafeLazyInit() to lazily initialize the rest of the members.
+  explicit Mutex(StaticConstructorSelector /*dummy*/) {}
+
+  Mutex();
+  ~Mutex();
+
+  void Lock();
+
+  void Unlock();
+
+  // Does nothing if the current thread holds the mutex. Otherwise, crashes
+  // with high probability.
+  void AssertHeld();
+
+ private:
+  // Initializes owner_thread_id_ and critical_section_ in static mutexes.
+  void ThreadSafeLazyInit();
+
+  // Per http://blogs.msdn.com/b/oldnewthing/archive/2004/02/23/78395.aspx,
+  // we assume that 0 is an invalid value for thread IDs.
+  unsigned int owner_thread_id_;
+
+  // For static mutexes, we rely on these members being initialized to zeros
+  // by the linker.
+  MutexType type_;
+  long critical_section_init_phase_;  // NOLINT
+  _RTL_CRITICAL_SECTION* critical_section_;
+
+  GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(Mutex);
+};
+
+# define GTEST_DECLARE_STATIC_MUTEX_(mutex) \
+    extern ::testing::internal::Mutex mutex
+
+# define GTEST_DEFINE_STATIC_MUTEX_(mutex) \
+    ::testing::internal::Mutex mutex(::testing::internal::Mutex::kStaticMutex)
+
+// We cannot name this class MutexLock because the ctor declaration would
+// conflict with a macro named MutexLock, which is defined on some
+// platforms. That macro is used as a defensive measure to prevent against
+// inadvertent misuses of MutexLock like "MutexLock(&mu)" rather than
+// "MutexLock l(&mu)".  Hence the typedef trick below.
+class GTestMutexLock {
+ public:
+  explicit GTestMutexLock(Mutex* mutex)
+      : mutex_(mutex) { mutex_->Lock(); }
+
+  ~GTestMutexLock() { mutex_->Unlock(); }
+
+ private:
+  Mutex* const mutex_;
+
+  GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(GTestMutexLock);
+};
+
+typedef GTestMutexLock MutexLock;
+
+// Base class for ValueHolder<T>.  Allows a caller to hold and delete a value
+// without knowing its type.
+class ThreadLocalValueHolderBase {
+ public:
+  virtual ~ThreadLocalValueHolderBase() {}
+};
+
+// Provides a way for a thread to send notifications to a ThreadLocal
+// regardless of its parameter type.
+class ThreadLocalBase {
+ public:
+  // Creates a new ValueHolder<T> object holding a default value passed to
+  // this ThreadLocal<T>'s constructor and returns it.  It is the caller's
+  // responsibility not to call this when the ThreadLocal<T> instance already
+  // has a value on the current thread.
+  virtual ThreadLocalValueHolderBase* NewValueForCurrentThread() const = 0;
+
+ protected:
+  ThreadLocalBase() {}
+  virtual ~ThreadLocalBase() {}
+
+ private:
+  GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(ThreadLocalBase);
+};
+
+// Maps a thread to a set of ThreadLocals that have values instantiated on that
+// thread and notifies them when the thread exits.  A ThreadLocal instance is
+// expected to persist until all threads it has values on have terminated.
+class GTEST_API_ ThreadLocalRegistry {
+ public:
+  // Registers thread_local_instance as having value on the current thread.
+  // Returns a value that can be used to identify the thread from other threads.
+  static ThreadLocalValueHolderBase* GetValueOnCurrentThread(
+      const ThreadLocalBase* thread_local_instance);
+
+  // Invoked when a ThreadLocal instance is destroyed.
+  static void OnThreadLocalDestroyed(
+      const ThreadLocalBase* thread_local_instance);
+};
+
+class GTEST_API_ ThreadWithParamBase {
+ public:
+  void Join();
+
+ protected:
+  class Runnable {
+   public:
+    virtual ~Runnable() {}
+    virtual void Run() = 0;
+  };
+
+  ThreadWithParamBase(Runnable *runnable, Notification* thread_can_start);
+  virtual ~ThreadWithParamBase();
+
+ private:
+  AutoHandle thread_;
+};
+
+// Helper class for testing Google Test's multi-threading constructs.
+template <typename T>
+class ThreadWithParam : public ThreadWithParamBase {
+ public:
+  typedef void UserThreadFunc(T);
+
+  ThreadWithParam(UserThreadFunc* func, T param, Notification* thread_can_start)
+      : ThreadWithParamBase(new RunnableImpl(func, param), thread_can_start) {
+  }
+  virtual ~ThreadWithParam() {}
+
+ private:
+  class RunnableImpl : public Runnable {
+   public:
+    RunnableImpl(UserThreadFunc* func, T param)
+        : func_(func),
+          param_(param) {
+    }
+    virtual ~RunnableImpl() {}
+    virtual void Run() {
+      func_(param_);
+    }
+
+   private:
+    UserThreadFunc* const func_;
+    const T param_;
+
+    GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(RunnableImpl);
+  };
+
+  GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(ThreadWithParam);
+};
+
+// Implements thread-local storage on Windows systems.
+//
+//   // Thread 1
+//   ThreadLocal<int> tl(100);  // 100 is the default value for each thread.
+//
+//   // Thread 2
+//   tl.set(150);  // Changes the value for thread 2 only.
+//   EXPECT_EQ(150, tl.get());
+//
+//   // Thread 1
+//   EXPECT_EQ(100, tl.get());  // In thread 1, tl has the original value.
+//   tl.set(200);
+//   EXPECT_EQ(200, tl.get());
+//
+// The template type argument T must have a public copy constructor.
+// In addition, the default ThreadLocal constructor requires T to have
+// a public default constructor.
+//
+// The users of a TheadLocal instance have to make sure that all but one
+// threads (including the main one) using that instance have exited before
+// destroying it. Otherwise, the per-thread objects managed for them by the
+// ThreadLocal instance are not guaranteed to be destroyed on all platforms.
+//
+// Google Test only uses global ThreadLocal objects.  That means they
+// will die after main() has returned.  Therefore, no per-thread
+// object managed by Google Test will be leaked as long as all threads
+// using Google Test have exited when main() returns.
+template <typename T>
+class ThreadLocal : public ThreadLocalBase {
+ public:
+  ThreadLocal() : default_factory_(new DefaultValueHolderFactory()) {}
+  explicit ThreadLocal(const T& value)
+      : default_factory_(new InstanceValueHolderFactory(value)) {}
+
+  ~ThreadLocal() { ThreadLocalRegistry::OnThreadLocalDestroyed(this); }
+
+  T* pointer() { return GetOrCreateValue(); }
+  const T* pointer() const { return GetOrCreateValue(); }
+  const T& get() const { return *pointer(); }
+  void set(const T& value) { *pointer() = value; }
+
+ private:
+  // Holds a value of T.  Can be deleted via its base class without the caller
+  // knowing the type of T.
+  class ValueHolder : public ThreadLocalValueHolderBase {
+   public:
+    ValueHolder() : value_() {}
+    explicit ValueHolder(const T& value) : value_(value) {}
+
+    T* pointer() { return &value_; }
+
+   private:
+    T value_;
+    GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(ValueHolder);
+  };
+
+
+  T* GetOrCreateValue() const {
+    return static_cast<ValueHolder*>(
+        ThreadLocalRegistry::GetValueOnCurrentThread(this))->pointer();
+  }
+
+  virtual ThreadLocalValueHolderBase* NewValueForCurrentThread() const {
+    return default_factory_->MakeNewHolder();
+  }
+
+  class ValueHolderFactory {
+   public:
+    ValueHolderFactory() {}
+    virtual ~ValueHolderFactory() {}
+    virtual ValueHolder* MakeNewHolder() const = 0;
+
+   private:
+    GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(ValueHolderFactory);
+  };
+
+  class DefaultValueHolderFactory : public ValueHolderFactory {
+   public:
+    DefaultValueHolderFactory() {}
+    virtual ValueHolder* MakeNewHolder() const { return new ValueHolder(); }
+
+   private:
+    GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(DefaultValueHolderFactory);
+  };
+
+  class InstanceValueHolderFactory : public ValueHolderFactory {
+   public:
+    explicit InstanceValueHolderFactory(const T& value) : value_(value) {}
+    virtual ValueHolder* MakeNewHolder() const {
+      return new ValueHolder(value_);
+    }
+
+   private:
+    const T value_;  // The value for each thread.
+
+    GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(InstanceValueHolderFactory);
+  };
+
+  scoped_ptr<ValueHolderFactory> default_factory_;
+
+  GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(ThreadLocal);
+};
+
+# elif GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD
+
+// MutexBase and Mutex implement mutex on pthreads-based platforms.
 class MutexBase {
  public:
   // Acquires this mutex.
@@ -2641,8 +3239,8 @@
 };
 
 // Forward-declares a static mutex.
-# define GTEST_DECLARE_STATIC_MUTEX_(mutex) \
-    extern ::testing::internal::MutexBase mutex
+#  define GTEST_DECLARE_STATIC_MUTEX_(mutex) \
+     extern ::testing::internal::MutexBase mutex
 
 // Defines and statically (i.e. at link time) initializes a static mutex.
 // The initialization list here does not explicitly initialize each field,
@@ -2650,8 +3248,8 @@
 // particular, the owner_ field (a pthread_t) is not explicitly initialized.
 // This allows initialization to work whether pthread_t is a scalar or struct.
 // The flag -Wmissing-field-initializers must not be specified for this to work.
-# define GTEST_DEFINE_STATIC_MUTEX_(mutex) \
-    ::testing::internal::MutexBase mutex = { PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER, false }
+#  define GTEST_DEFINE_STATIC_MUTEX_(mutex) \
+     ::testing::internal::MutexBase mutex = { PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER, false }
 
 // The Mutex class can only be used for mutexes created at runtime. It
 // shares its API with MutexBase otherwise.
@@ -2669,9 +3267,11 @@
   GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(Mutex);
 };
 
-// We cannot name this class MutexLock as the ctor declaration would
+// We cannot name this class MutexLock because the ctor declaration would
 // conflict with a macro named MutexLock, which is defined on some
-// platforms.  Hence the typedef trick below.
+// platforms. That macro is used as a defensive measure to prevent against
+// inadvertent misuses of MutexLock like "MutexLock(&mu)" rather than
+// "MutexLock l(&mu)".  Hence the typedef trick below.
 class GTestMutexLock {
  public:
   explicit GTestMutexLock(MutexBase* mutex)
@@ -2705,41 +3305,14 @@
 }
 
 // Implements thread-local storage on pthreads-based systems.
-//
-//   // Thread 1
-//   ThreadLocal<int> tl(100);  // 100 is the default value for each thread.
-//
-//   // Thread 2
-//   tl.set(150);  // Changes the value for thread 2 only.
-//   EXPECT_EQ(150, tl.get());
-//
-//   // Thread 1
-//   EXPECT_EQ(100, tl.get());  // In thread 1, tl has the original value.
-//   tl.set(200);
-//   EXPECT_EQ(200, tl.get());
-//
-// The template type argument T must have a public copy constructor.
-// In addition, the default ThreadLocal constructor requires T to have
-// a public default constructor.
-//
-// An object managed for a thread by a ThreadLocal instance is deleted
-// when the thread exits.  Or, if the ThreadLocal instance dies in
-// that thread, when the ThreadLocal dies.  It's the user's
-// responsibility to ensure that all other threads using a ThreadLocal
-// have exited when it dies, or the per-thread objects for those
-// threads will not be deleted.
-//
-// Google Test only uses global ThreadLocal objects.  That means they
-// will die after main() has returned.  Therefore, no per-thread
-// object managed by Google Test will be leaked as long as all threads
-// using Google Test have exited when main() returns.
 template <typename T>
 class ThreadLocal {
  public:
-  ThreadLocal() : key_(CreateKey()),
-                  default_() {}
-  explicit ThreadLocal(const T& value) : key_(CreateKey()),
-                                         default_(value) {}
+  ThreadLocal()
+      : key_(CreateKey()), default_factory_(new DefaultValueHolderFactory()) {}
+  explicit ThreadLocal(const T& value)
+      : key_(CreateKey()),
+        default_factory_(new InstanceValueHolderFactory(value)) {}
 
   ~ThreadLocal() {
     // Destroys the managed object for the current thread, if any.
@@ -2759,6 +3332,7 @@
   // Holds a value of type T.
   class ValueHolder : public ThreadLocalValueHolderBase {
    public:
+    ValueHolder() : value_() {}
     explicit ValueHolder(const T& value) : value_(value) {}
 
     T* pointer() { return &value_; }
@@ -2784,22 +3358,54 @@
       return CheckedDowncastToActualType<ValueHolder>(holder)->pointer();
     }
 
-    ValueHolder* const new_holder = new ValueHolder(default_);
+    ValueHolder* const new_holder = default_factory_->MakeNewHolder();
     ThreadLocalValueHolderBase* const holder_base = new_holder;
     GTEST_CHECK_POSIX_SUCCESS_(pthread_setspecific(key_, holder_base));
     return new_holder->pointer();
   }
 
+  class ValueHolderFactory {
+   public:
+    ValueHolderFactory() {}
+    virtual ~ValueHolderFactory() {}
+    virtual ValueHolder* MakeNewHolder() const = 0;
+
+   private:
+    GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(ValueHolderFactory);
+  };
+
+  class DefaultValueHolderFactory : public ValueHolderFactory {
+   public:
+    DefaultValueHolderFactory() {}
+    virtual ValueHolder* MakeNewHolder() const { return new ValueHolder(); }
+
+   private:
+    GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(DefaultValueHolderFactory);
+  };
+
+  class InstanceValueHolderFactory : public ValueHolderFactory {
+   public:
+    explicit InstanceValueHolderFactory(const T& value) : value_(value) {}
+    virtual ValueHolder* MakeNewHolder() const {
+      return new ValueHolder(value_);
+    }
+
+   private:
+    const T value_;  // The value for each thread.
+
+    GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(InstanceValueHolderFactory);
+  };
+
   // A key pthreads uses for looking up per-thread values.
   const pthread_key_t key_;
-  const T default_;  // The default value for each thread.
+  scoped_ptr<ValueHolderFactory> default_factory_;
 
   GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(ThreadLocal);
 };
 
-# define GTEST_IS_THREADSAFE 1
+# endif  // GTEST_HAS_MUTEX_AND_THREAD_LOCAL_
 
-#else  // GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD
+#else  // GTEST_IS_THREADSAFE
 
 // A dummy implementation of synchronization primitives (mutex, lock,
 // and thread-local variable).  Necessary for compiling Google Test where
@@ -2819,6 +3425,11 @@
 
 # define GTEST_DEFINE_STATIC_MUTEX_(mutex) ::testing::internal::Mutex mutex
 
+// We cannot name this class MutexLock because the ctor declaration would
+// conflict with a macro named MutexLock, which is defined on some
+// platforms. That macro is used as a defensive measure to prevent against
+// inadvertent misuses of MutexLock like "MutexLock(&mu)" rather than
+// "MutexLock l(&mu)".  Hence the typedef trick below.
 class GTestMutexLock {
  public:
   explicit GTestMutexLock(Mutex*) {}  // NOLINT
@@ -2839,11 +3450,7 @@
   T value_;
 };
 
-// The above synchronization primitives have dummy implementations.
-// Therefore Google Test is not thread-safe.
-# define GTEST_IS_THREADSAFE 0
-
-#endif  // GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD
+#endif  // GTEST_IS_THREADSAFE
 
 // Returns the number of threads running in the process, or 0 to indicate that
 // we cannot detect it.
@@ -2953,6 +3560,13 @@
   return static_cast<char>(toupper(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch)));
 }
 
+inline std::string StripTrailingSpaces(std::string str) {
+  std::string::iterator it = str.end();
+  while (it != str.begin() && IsSpace(*--it))
+    it = str.erase(it);
+  return str;
+}
+
 // The testing::internal::posix namespace holds wrappers for common
 // POSIX functions.  These wrappers hide the differences between
 // Windows/MSVC and POSIX systems.  Since some compilers define these
@@ -3016,11 +3630,7 @@
 
 // Functions deprecated by MSVC 8.0.
 
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-// Temporarily disable warning 4996 (deprecated function).
-# pragma warning(push)
-# pragma warning(disable:4996)
-#endif
+GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4996 /* deprecated function */)
 
 inline const char* StrNCpy(char* dest, const char* src, size_t n) {
   return strncpy(dest, src, n);
@@ -3030,7 +3640,7 @@
 // StrError() aren't needed on Windows CE at this time and thus not
 // defined there.
 
-#if !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
+#if !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE && !GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT
 inline int ChDir(const char* dir) { return chdir(dir); }
 #endif
 inline FILE* FOpen(const char* path, const char* mode) {
@@ -3054,8 +3664,9 @@
 inline const char* StrError(int errnum) { return strerror(errnum); }
 #endif
 inline const char* GetEnv(const char* name) {
-#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
+#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE || GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_PHONE | GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_RT
   // We are on Windows CE, which has no environment variables.
+  static_cast<void>(name);  // To prevent 'unused argument' warning.
   return NULL;
 #elif defined(__BORLANDC__) || defined(__SunOS_5_8) || defined(__SunOS_5_9)
   // Environment variables which we programmatically clear will be set to the
@@ -3067,9 +3678,7 @@
 #endif
 }
 
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-# pragma warning(pop)  // Restores the warning state.
-#endif
+GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()
 
 #if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS_MOBILE
 // Windows CE has no C library. The abort() function is used in
@@ -3170,11 +3779,20 @@
 // Utilities for command line flags and environment variables.
 
 // Macro for referencing flags.
-#define GTEST_FLAG(name) FLAGS_gtest_##name
+#if !defined(GTEST_FLAG)
+# define GTEST_FLAG(name) FLAGS_gtest_##name
+#endif  // !defined(GTEST_FLAG)
+
+#if !defined(GTEST_USE_OWN_FLAGFILE_FLAG_)
+# define GTEST_USE_OWN_FLAGFILE_FLAG_ 1
+#endif  // !defined(GTEST_USE_OWN_FLAGFILE_FLAG_)
+
+#if !defined(GTEST_DECLARE_bool_)
+# define GTEST_FLAG_SAVER_ ::testing::internal::GTestFlagSaver
 
 // Macros for declaring flags.
-#define GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(name) GTEST_API_ extern bool GTEST_FLAG(name)
-#define GTEST_DECLARE_int32_(name) \
+# define GTEST_DECLARE_bool_(name) GTEST_API_ extern bool GTEST_FLAG(name)
+# define GTEST_DECLARE_int32_(name) \
     GTEST_API_ extern ::testing::internal::Int32 GTEST_FLAG(name)
 #define GTEST_DECLARE_string_(name) \
     GTEST_API_ extern ::std::string GTEST_FLAG(name)
@@ -3187,9 +3805,13 @@
 #define GTEST_DEFINE_string_(name, default_val, doc) \
     GTEST_API_ ::std::string GTEST_FLAG(name) = (default_val)
 
+#endif  // !defined(GTEST_DECLARE_bool_)
+
 // Thread annotations
-#define GTEST_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK_REQUIRED_(locks)
-#define GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(locks)
+#if !defined(GTEST_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK_REQUIRED_)
+# define GTEST_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK_REQUIRED_(locks)
+# define GTEST_LOCK_EXCLUDED_(locks)
+#endif  // !defined(GTEST_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK_REQUIRED_)
 
 // Parses 'str' for a 32-bit signed integer.  If successful, writes the result
 // to *value and returns true; otherwise leaves *value unchanged and returns
@@ -3210,6 +3832,7 @@
 
 #endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PORT_H_
 
+
 #if GTEST_OS_LINUX
 # include <stdlib.h>
 # include <sys/types.h>
@@ -3226,7 +3849,10 @@
 #include <string.h>
 #include <iomanip>
 #include <limits>
+#include <map>
 #include <set>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
 
 // Copyright 2005, Google Inc.
 // All rights reserved.
@@ -7214,9 +7840,6 @@
 class TestInfoImpl;                    // Opaque implementation of TestInfo
 class UnitTestImpl;                    // Opaque implementation of UnitTest
 
-// How many times InitGoogleTest() has been called.
-GTEST_API_ extern int g_init_gtest_count;
-
 // The text used in failure messages to indicate the start of the
 // stack trace.
 GTEST_API_ extern const char kStackTraceMarker[];
@@ -7288,6 +7911,36 @@
                             // c'tor and d'tor.  Therefore it doesn't
                             // need to be used otherwise.
 
+namespace edit_distance {
+// Returns the optimal edits to go from 'left' to 'right'.
+// All edits cost the same, with replace having lower priority than
+// add/remove.
+// Simple implementation of the Wagner–Fischer algorithm.
+// See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wagner-Fischer_algorithm
+enum EditType { kMatch, kAdd, kRemove, kReplace };
+GTEST_API_ std::vector<EditType> CalculateOptimalEdits(
+    const std::vector<size_t>& left, const std::vector<size_t>& right);
+
+// Same as above, but the input is represented as strings.
+GTEST_API_ std::vector<EditType> CalculateOptimalEdits(
+    const std::vector<std::string>& left,
+    const std::vector<std::string>& right);
+
+// Create a diff of the input strings in Unified diff format.
+GTEST_API_ std::string CreateUnifiedDiff(const std::vector<std::string>& left,
+                                         const std::vector<std::string>& right,
+                                         size_t context = 2);
+
+}  // namespace edit_distance
+
+// Calculate the diff between 'left' and 'right' and return it in unified diff
+// format.
+// If not null, stores in 'total_line_count' the total number of lines found
+// in left + right.
+GTEST_API_ std::string DiffStrings(const std::string& left,
+                                   const std::string& right,
+                                   size_t* total_line_count);
+
 // Constructs and returns the message for an equality assertion
 // (e.g. ASSERT_EQ, EXPECT_STREQ, etc) failure.
 //
@@ -7588,6 +8241,13 @@
 typedef void (*SetUpTestCaseFunc)();
 typedef void (*TearDownTestCaseFunc)();
 
+struct CodeLocation {
+  CodeLocation(const string& a_file, int a_line) : file(a_file), line(a_line) {}
+
+  string file;
+  int line;
+};
+
 // Creates a new TestInfo object and registers it with Google Test;
 // returns the created object.
 //
@@ -7599,6 +8259,7 @@
 //                     this is not a typed or a type-parameterized test.
 //   value_param       text representation of the test's value parameter,
 //                     or NULL if this is not a type-parameterized test.
+//   code_location:    code location where the test is defined
 //   fixture_class_id: ID of the test fixture class
 //   set_up_tc:        pointer to the function that sets up the test case
 //   tear_down_tc:     pointer to the function that tears down the test case
@@ -7610,6 +8271,7 @@
     const char* name,
     const char* type_param,
     const char* value_param,
+    CodeLocation code_location,
     TypeId fixture_class_id,
     SetUpTestCaseFunc set_up_tc,
     TearDownTestCaseFunc tear_down_tc,
@@ -7639,10 +8301,21 @@
       fflush(stderr);
       posix::Abort();
     }
-    defined_test_names_.insert(test_name);
+    registered_tests_.insert(
+        ::std::make_pair(test_name, CodeLocation(file, line)));
     return true;
   }
 
+  bool TestExists(const std::string& test_name) const {
+    return registered_tests_.count(test_name) > 0;
+  }
+
+  const CodeLocation& GetCodeLocation(const std::string& test_name) const {
+    RegisteredTestsMap::const_iterator it = registered_tests_.find(test_name);
+    GTEST_CHECK_(it != registered_tests_.end());
+    return it->second;
+  }
+
   // Verifies that registered_tests match the test names in
   // defined_test_names_; returns registered_tests if successful, or
   // aborts the program otherwise.
@@ -7650,8 +8323,10 @@
       const char* file, int line, const char* registered_tests);
 
  private:
+  typedef ::std::map<std::string, CodeLocation> RegisteredTestsMap;
+
   bool registered_;
-  ::std::set<const char*> defined_test_names_;
+  RegisteredTestsMap registered_tests_;
 };
 
 // Skips to the first non-space char after the first comma in 'str';
@@ -7672,6 +8347,11 @@
   return comma == NULL ? str : std::string(str, comma);
 }
 
+// Splits a given string on a given delimiter, populating a given
+// vector with the fields.
+void SplitString(const ::std::string& str, char delimiter,
+                 ::std::vector< ::std::string>* dest);
+
 // TypeParameterizedTest<Fixture, TestSel, Types>::Register()
 // registers a list of type-parameterized tests with Google Test.  The
 // return value is insignificant - we just need to return something
@@ -7686,8 +8366,10 @@
   // specified in INSTANTIATE_TYPED_TEST_CASE_P(Prefix, TestCase,
   // Types).  Valid values for 'index' are [0, N - 1] where N is the
   // length of Types.
-  static bool Register(const char* prefix, const char* case_name,
-                       const char* test_names, int index) {
+  static bool Register(const char* prefix,
+                       CodeLocation code_location,
+                       const char* case_name, const char* test_names,
+                       int index) {
     typedef typename Types::Head Type;
     typedef Fixture<Type> FixtureClass;
     typedef typename GTEST_BIND_(TestSel, Type) TestClass;
@@ -7697,9 +8379,10 @@
     MakeAndRegisterTestInfo(
         (std::string(prefix) + (prefix[0] == '\0' ? "" : "/") + case_name + "/"
          + StreamableToString(index)).c_str(),
-        GetPrefixUntilComma(test_names).c_str(),
+        StripTrailingSpaces(GetPrefixUntilComma(test_names)).c_str(),
         GetTypeName<Type>().c_str(),
         NULL,  // No value parameter.
+        code_location,
         GetTypeId<FixtureClass>(),
         TestClass::SetUpTestCase,
         TestClass::TearDownTestCase,
@@ -7707,7 +8390,7 @@
 
     // Next, recurses (at compile time) with the tail of the type list.
     return TypeParameterizedTest<Fixture, TestSel, typename Types::Tail>
-        ::Register(prefix, case_name, test_names, index + 1);
+        ::Register(prefix, code_location, case_name, test_names, index + 1);
   }
 };
 
@@ -7715,8 +8398,9 @@
 template <GTEST_TEMPLATE_ Fixture, class TestSel>
 class TypeParameterizedTest<Fixture, TestSel, Types0> {
  public:
-  static bool Register(const char* /*prefix*/, const char* /*case_name*/,
-                       const char* /*test_names*/, int /*index*/) {
+  static bool Register(const char* /*prefix*/, CodeLocation,
+                       const char* /*case_name*/, const char* /*test_names*/,
+                       int /*index*/) {
     return true;
   }
 };
@@ -7728,17 +8412,31 @@
 template <GTEST_TEMPLATE_ Fixture, typename Tests, typename Types>
 class TypeParameterizedTestCase {
  public:
-  static bool Register(const char* prefix, const char* case_name,
-                       const char* test_names) {
+  static bool Register(const char* prefix, CodeLocation code_location,
+                       const TypedTestCasePState* state,
+                       const char* case_name, const char* test_names) {
+    std::string test_name = StripTrailingSpaces(
+        GetPrefixUntilComma(test_names));
+    if (!state->TestExists(test_name)) {
+      fprintf(stderr, "Failed to get code location for test %s.%s at %s.",
+              case_name, test_name.c_str(),
+              FormatFileLocation(code_location.file.c_str(),
+                                 code_location.line).c_str());
+      fflush(stderr);
+      posix::Abort();
+    }
+    const CodeLocation& test_location = state->GetCodeLocation(test_name);
+
     typedef typename Tests::Head Head;
 
     // First, register the first test in 'Test' for each type in 'Types'.
     TypeParameterizedTest<Fixture, Head, Types>::Register(
-        prefix, case_name, test_names, 0);
+        prefix, test_location, case_name, test_names, 0);
 
     // Next, recurses (at compile time) with the tail of the test list.
     return TypeParameterizedTestCase<Fixture, typename Tests::Tail, Types>
-        ::Register(prefix, case_name, SkipComma(test_names));
+        ::Register(prefix, code_location, state,
+                   case_name, SkipComma(test_names));
   }
 };
 
@@ -7746,8 +8444,9 @@
 template <GTEST_TEMPLATE_ Fixture, typename Types>
 class TypeParameterizedTestCase<Fixture, Templates0, Types> {
  public:
-  static bool Register(const char* /*prefix*/, const char* /*case_name*/,
-                       const char* /*test_names*/) {
+  static bool Register(const char* /*prefix*/, CodeLocation,
+                       const TypedTestCasePState* /*state*/,
+                       const char* /*case_name*/, const char* /*test_names*/) {
     return true;
   }
 };
@@ -7919,25 +8618,20 @@
   // We have to put the 'public' section after the 'private' section,
   // or MSVC refuses to compile the code.
  public:
-  // MSVC warns about implicitly converting from double to int for
-  // possible loss of data, so we need to temporarily disable the
-  // warning.
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-# pragma warning(push)          // Saves the current warning state.
-# pragma warning(disable:4244)  // Temporarily disables warning 4244.
-
-  static const bool value =
-      sizeof(Helper(ImplicitlyConvertible::MakeFrom())) == 1;
-# pragma warning(pop)           // Restores the warning state.
-#elif defined(__BORLANDC__)
+#if defined(__BORLANDC__)
   // C++Builder cannot use member overload resolution during template
   // instantiation.  The simplest workaround is to use its C++0x type traits
   // functions (C++Builder 2009 and above only).
   static const bool value = __is_convertible(From, To);
 #else
+  // MSVC warns about implicitly converting from double to int for
+  // possible loss of data, so we need to temporarily disable the
+  // warning.
+  GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4244)
   static const bool value =
       sizeof(Helper(ImplicitlyConvertible::MakeFrom())) == 1;
-#endif  // _MSV_VER
+  GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()
+#endif  // __BORLANDC__
 };
 template <typename From, typename To>
 const bool ImplicitlyConvertible<From, To>::value;
@@ -8063,11 +8757,10 @@
 
 // The relation between an NativeArray object (see below) and the
 // native array it represents.
-enum RelationToSource {
-  kReference,  // The NativeArray references the native array.
-  kCopy        // The NativeArray makes a copy of the native array and
-               // owns the copy.
-};
+// We use 2 different structs to allow non-copyable types to be used, as long
+// as RelationToSourceReference() is passed.
+struct RelationToSourceReference {};
+struct RelationToSourceCopy {};
 
 // Adapts a native array to a read-only STL-style container.  Instead
 // of the complete STL container concept, this adaptor only implements
@@ -8085,22 +8778,23 @@
   typedef Element* iterator;
   typedef const Element* const_iterator;
 
-  // Constructs from a native array.
-  NativeArray(const Element* array, size_t count, RelationToSource relation) {
-    Init(array, count, relation);
+  // Constructs from a native array. References the source.
+  NativeArray(const Element* array, size_t count, RelationToSourceReference) {
+    InitRef(array, count);
+  }
+
+  // Constructs from a native array. Copies the source.
+  NativeArray(const Element* array, size_t count, RelationToSourceCopy) {
+    InitCopy(array, count);
   }
 
   // Copy constructor.
   NativeArray(const NativeArray& rhs) {
-    Init(rhs.array_, rhs.size_, rhs.relation_to_source_);
+    (this->*rhs.clone_)(rhs.array_, rhs.size_);
   }
 
   ~NativeArray() {
-    // Ensures that the user doesn't instantiate NativeArray with a
-    // const or reference type.
-    static_cast<void>(StaticAssertTypeEqHelper<Element,
-        GTEST_REMOVE_REFERENCE_AND_CONST_(Element)>());
-    if (relation_to_source_ == kCopy)
+    if (clone_ != &NativeArray::InitRef)
       delete[] array_;
   }
 
@@ -8114,23 +8808,30 @@
   }
 
  private:
-  // Initializes this object; makes a copy of the input array if
-  // 'relation' is kCopy.
-  void Init(const Element* array, size_t a_size, RelationToSource relation) {
-    if (relation == kReference) {
-      array_ = array;
-    } else {
-      Element* const copy = new Element[a_size];
-      CopyArray(array, a_size, copy);
-      array_ = copy;
-    }
+  enum {
+    kCheckTypeIsNotConstOrAReference = StaticAssertTypeEqHelper<
+        Element, GTEST_REMOVE_REFERENCE_AND_CONST_(Element)>::value,
+  };
+
+  // Initializes this object with a copy of the input.
+  void InitCopy(const Element* array, size_t a_size) {
+    Element* const copy = new Element[a_size];
+    CopyArray(array, a_size, copy);
+    array_ = copy;
     size_ = a_size;
-    relation_to_source_ = relation;
+    clone_ = &NativeArray::InitCopy;
+  }
+
+  // Initializes this object with a reference of the input.
+  void InitRef(const Element* array, size_t a_size) {
+    array_ = array;
+    size_ = a_size;
+    clone_ = &NativeArray::InitRef;
   }
 
   const Element* array_;
   size_t size_;
-  RelationToSource relation_to_source_;
+  void (NativeArray::*clone_)(const Element*, size_t);
 
   GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_(NativeArray);
 };
@@ -8265,6 +8966,7 @@
   ::test_info_ =\
     ::testing::internal::MakeAndRegisterTestInfo(\
         #test_case_name, #test_name, NULL, NULL, \
+        ::testing::internal::CodeLocation(__FILE__, __LINE__), \
         (parent_id), \
         parent_class::SetUpTestCase, \
         parent_class::TearDownTestCase, \
@@ -8273,6 +8975,7 @@
 void GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_case_name, test_name)::TestBody()
 
 #endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_INTERNAL_H_
+
 // Copyright 2005, Google Inc.
 // All rights reserved.
 //
@@ -9109,7 +9812,10 @@
 #ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PARAM_UTIL_H_
 #define GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PARAM_UTIL_H_
 
+#include <ctype.h>
+
 #include <iterator>
+#include <set>
 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 
@@ -9227,7 +9933,12 @@
     MutexLock lock(&g_linked_ptr_mutex);
 
     linked_ptr_internal const* p = ptr;
-    while (p->next_ != ptr) p = p->next_;
+    while (p->next_ != ptr) {
+      assert(p->next_ != this &&
+             "Trying to join() a linked ring we are already in. "
+             "Is GMock thread safety enabled?");
+      p = p->next_;
+    }
     p->next_ = this;
     next_ = ptr;
   }
@@ -9240,7 +9951,12 @@
 
     if (next_ == this) return true;
     linked_ptr_internal const* p = next_;
-    while (p->next_ != this) p = p->next_;
+    while (p->next_ != this) {
+      assert(p->next_ != next_ &&
+             "Trying to depart() a linked ring we are not in. "
+             "Is GMock thread safety enabled?");
+      p = p->next_;
+    }
     p->next_ = next_;
     return false;
   }
@@ -9602,6 +10318,103 @@
 namespace testing {
 namespace internal {
 
+// FormatForComparison<ToPrint, OtherOperand>::Format(value) formats a
+// value of type ToPrint that is an operand of a comparison assertion
+// (e.g. ASSERT_EQ).  OtherOperand is the type of the other operand in
+// the comparison, and is used to help determine the best way to
+// format the value.  In particular, when the value is a C string
+// (char pointer) and the other operand is an STL string object, we
+// want to format the C string as a string, since we know it is
+// compared by value with the string object.  If the value is a char
+// pointer but the other operand is not an STL string object, we don't
+// know whether the pointer is supposed to point to a NUL-terminated
+// string, and thus want to print it as a pointer to be safe.
+//
+// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
+
+// The default case.
+template <typename ToPrint, typename OtherOperand>
+class FormatForComparison {
+ public:
+  static ::std::string Format(const ToPrint& value) {
+    return ::testing::PrintToString(value);
+  }
+};
+
+// Array.
+template <typename ToPrint, size_t N, typename OtherOperand>
+class FormatForComparison<ToPrint[N], OtherOperand> {
+ public:
+  static ::std::string Format(const ToPrint* value) {
+    return FormatForComparison<const ToPrint*, OtherOperand>::Format(value);
+  }
+};
+
+// By default, print C string as pointers to be safe, as we don't know
+// whether they actually point to a NUL-terminated string.
+
+#define GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_POINTER_(CharType)                \
+  template <typename OtherOperand>                                      \
+  class FormatForComparison<CharType*, OtherOperand> {                  \
+   public:                                                              \
+    static ::std::string Format(CharType* value) {                      \
+      return ::testing::PrintToString(static_cast<const void*>(value)); \
+    }                                                                   \
+  }
+
+GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_POINTER_(char);
+GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_POINTER_(const char);
+GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_POINTER_(wchar_t);
+GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_POINTER_(const wchar_t);
+
+#undef GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_POINTER_
+
+// If a C string is compared with an STL string object, we know it's meant
+// to point to a NUL-terminated string, and thus can print it as a string.
+
+#define GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_STRING_(CharType, OtherStringType) \
+  template <>                                                           \
+  class FormatForComparison<CharType*, OtherStringType> {               \
+   public:                                                              \
+    static ::std::string Format(CharType* value) {                      \
+      return ::testing::PrintToString(value);                           \
+    }                                                                   \
+  }
+
+GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_STRING_(char, ::std::string);
+GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_STRING_(const char, ::std::string);
+
+#if GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
+GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_STRING_(char, ::string);
+GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_STRING_(const char, ::string);
+#endif
+
+#if GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_WSTRING
+GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_STRING_(wchar_t, ::wstring);
+GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_STRING_(const wchar_t, ::wstring);
+#endif
+
+#if GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING
+GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_STRING_(wchar_t, ::std::wstring);
+GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_STRING_(const wchar_t, ::std::wstring);
+#endif
+
+#undef GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_STRING_
+
+// Formats a comparison assertion (e.g. ASSERT_EQ, EXPECT_LT, and etc)
+// operand to be used in a failure message.  The type (but not value)
+// of the other operand may affect the format.  This allows us to
+// print a char* as a raw pointer when it is compared against another
+// char* or void*, and print it as a C string when it is compared
+// against an std::string object, for example.
+//
+// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
+template <typename T1, typename T2>
+std::string FormatForComparisonFailureMessage(
+    const T1& value, const T2& /* other_operand */) {
+  return FormatForComparison<T1, T2>::Format(value);
+}
+
 // UniversalPrinter<T>::Print(value, ostream_ptr) prints the given
 // value to the given ostream.  The caller must ensure that
 // 'ostream_ptr' is not NULL, or the behavior is undefined.
@@ -9941,10 +10754,7 @@
  public:
   // MSVC warns about adding const to a function type, so we want to
   // disable the warning.
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-# pragma warning(push)          // Saves the current warning state.
-# pragma warning(disable:4180)  // Temporarily disables warning 4180.
-#endif  // _MSC_VER
+  GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4180)
 
   // Note: we deliberately don't call this PrintTo(), as that name
   // conflicts with ::testing::internal::PrintTo in the body of the
@@ -9961,9 +10771,7 @@
     PrintTo(value, os);
   }
 
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-# pragma warning(pop)           // Restores the warning state.
-#endif  // _MSC_VER
+  GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()
 };
 
 // UniversalPrintArray(begin, len, os) prints an array of 'len'
@@ -10015,10 +10823,7 @@
  public:
   // MSVC warns about adding const to a function type, so we want to
   // disable the warning.
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-# pragma warning(push)          // Saves the current warning state.
-# pragma warning(disable:4180)  // Temporarily disables warning 4180.
-#endif  // _MSC_VER
+  GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4180)
 
   static void Print(const T& value, ::std::ostream* os) {
     // Prints the address of the value.  We use reinterpret_cast here
@@ -10029,9 +10834,7 @@
     UniversalPrint(value, os);
   }
 
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-# pragma warning(pop)           // Restores the warning state.
-#endif  // _MSC_VER
+  GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()
 };
 
 // Prints a value tersely: for a reference type, the referenced value
@@ -10183,9 +10986,9 @@
   template <typename Tuple>
   static void PrintPrefixTo(const Tuple& t, ::std::ostream* os) {
     TuplePrefixPrinter<N - 1>::PrintPrefixTo(t, os);
-    GTEST_INTENTIONAL_CONST_COND_PUSH_
+    GTEST_INTENTIONAL_CONST_COND_PUSH_()
     if (N > 1) {
-    GTEST_INTENTIONAL_CONST_COND_POP_
+    GTEST_INTENTIONAL_CONST_COND_POP_()
       *os << ", ";
     }
     UniversalPrinter<
@@ -10246,11 +11049,78 @@
 
 }  // namespace testing
 
+// Include any custom printer added by the local installation.
+// We must include this header at the end to make sure it can use the
+// declarations from this file.
+// Copyright 2015, Google Inc.
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+// met:
+//
+//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+// distribution.
+//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+// this software without specific prior written permission.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+//
+// This file provides an injection point for custom printers in a local
+// installation of gTest.
+// It will be included from gtest-printers.h and the overrides in this file
+// will be visible to everyone.
+// See documentation at gtest/gtest-printers.h for details on how to define a
+// custom printer.
+//
+// ** Custom implementation starts here **
+
+#ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_PRINTERS_H_
+#define GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_PRINTERS_H_
+
+#endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_CUSTOM_GTEST_PRINTERS_H_
+
 #endif  // GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_GTEST_PRINTERS_H_
 
 #if GTEST_HAS_PARAM_TEST
 
 namespace testing {
+
+// Input to a parameterized test name generator, describing a test parameter.
+// Consists of the parameter value and the integer parameter index.
+template <class ParamType>
+struct TestParamInfo {
+  TestParamInfo(const ParamType& a_param, size_t an_index) :
+    param(a_param),
+    index(an_index) {}
+  ParamType param;
+  size_t index;
+};
+
+// A builtin parameterized test name generator which returns the result of
+// testing::PrintToString.
+struct PrintToStringParamName {
+  template <class ParamType>
+  std::string operator()(const TestParamInfo<ParamType>& info) const {
+    return PrintToString(info.param);
+  }
+};
+
 namespace internal {
 
 // INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN USER CODE.
@@ -10260,7 +11130,7 @@
 // TEST_P macro is used to define two tests with the same name
 // but in different namespaces.
 GTEST_API_ void ReportInvalidTestCaseType(const char* test_case_name,
-                                          const char* file, int line);
+                                          CodeLocation code_location);
 
 template <typename> class ParamGeneratorInterface;
 template <typename> class ParamGenerator;
@@ -10408,7 +11278,7 @@
       return base_;
     }
     virtual void Advance() {
-      value_ = value_ + step_;
+      value_ = static_cast<T>(value_ + step_);
       index_++;
     }
     virtual ParamIteratorInterface<T>* Clone() const {
@@ -10445,7 +11315,7 @@
                                const T& end,
                                const IncrementT& step) {
     int end_index = 0;
-    for (T i = begin; i < end; i = i + step)
+    for (T i = begin; i < end; i = static_cast<T>(i + step))
       end_index++;
     return end_index;
   }
@@ -10549,6 +11419,37 @@
 
 // INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN USER CODE.
 //
+// Default parameterized test name generator, returns a string containing the
+// integer test parameter index.
+template <class ParamType>
+std::string DefaultParamName(const TestParamInfo<ParamType>& info) {
+  Message name_stream;
+  name_stream << info.index;
+  return name_stream.GetString();
+}
+
+// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN USER CODE.
+//
+// Parameterized test name overload helpers, which help the
+// INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P macro choose between the default parameterized
+// test name generator and user param name generator.
+template <class ParamType, class ParamNameGenFunctor>
+ParamNameGenFunctor GetParamNameGen(ParamNameGenFunctor func) {
+  return func;
+}
+
+template <class ParamType>
+struct ParamNameGenFunc {
+  typedef std::string Type(const TestParamInfo<ParamType>&);
+};
+
+template <class ParamType>
+typename ParamNameGenFunc<ParamType>::Type *GetParamNameGen() {
+  return DefaultParamName;
+}
+
+// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN USER CODE.
+//
 // Stores a parameter value and later creates tests parameterized with that
 // value.
 template <class TestClass>
@@ -10651,9 +11552,11 @@
   typedef typename TestCase::ParamType ParamType;
   // A function that returns an instance of appropriate generator type.
   typedef ParamGenerator<ParamType>(GeneratorCreationFunc)();
+  typedef typename ParamNameGenFunc<ParamType>::Type ParamNameGeneratorFunc;
 
-  explicit ParameterizedTestCaseInfo(const char* name)
-      : test_case_name_(name) {}
+  explicit ParameterizedTestCaseInfo(
+      const char* name, CodeLocation code_location)
+      : test_case_name_(name), code_location_(code_location) {}
 
   // Test case base name for display purposes.
   virtual const string& GetTestCaseName() const { return test_case_name_; }
@@ -10676,9 +11579,11 @@
   // about a generator.
   int AddTestCaseInstantiation(const string& instantiation_name,
                                GeneratorCreationFunc* func,
-                               const char* /* file */,
-                               int /* line */) {
-    instantiations_.push_back(::std::make_pair(instantiation_name, func));
+                               ParamNameGeneratorFunc* name_func,
+                               const char* file,
+                               int line) {
+    instantiations_.push_back(
+        InstantiationInfo(instantiation_name, func, name_func, file, line));
     return 0;  // Return value used only to run this method in namespace scope.
   }
   // UnitTest class invokes this method to register tests in this test case
@@ -10693,25 +11598,45 @@
       for (typename InstantiationContainer::iterator gen_it =
                instantiations_.begin(); gen_it != instantiations_.end();
                ++gen_it) {
-        const string& instantiation_name = gen_it->first;
-        ParamGenerator<ParamType> generator((*gen_it->second)());
+        const string& instantiation_name = gen_it->name;
+        ParamGenerator<ParamType> generator((*gen_it->generator)());
+        ParamNameGeneratorFunc* name_func = gen_it->name_func;
+        const char* file = gen_it->file;
+        int line = gen_it->line;
 
         string test_case_name;
         if ( !instantiation_name.empty() )
           test_case_name = instantiation_name + "/";
         test_case_name += test_info->test_case_base_name;
 
-        int i = 0;
+        size_t i = 0;
+        std::set<std::string> test_param_names;
         for (typename ParamGenerator<ParamType>::iterator param_it =
                  generator.begin();
              param_it != generator.end(); ++param_it, ++i) {
           Message test_name_stream;
-          test_name_stream << test_info->test_base_name << "/" << i;
+
+          std::string param_name = name_func(
+              TestParamInfo<ParamType>(*param_it, i));
+
+          GTEST_CHECK_(IsValidParamName(param_name))
+              << "Parameterized test name '" << param_name
+              << "' is invalid, in " << file
+              << " line " << line << std::endl;
+
+          GTEST_CHECK_(test_param_names.count(param_name) == 0)
+              << "Duplicate parameterized test name '" << param_name
+              << "', in " << file << " line " << line << std::endl;
+
+          test_param_names.insert(param_name);
+
+          test_name_stream << test_info->test_base_name << "/" << param_name;
           MakeAndRegisterTestInfo(
               test_case_name.c_str(),
               test_name_stream.GetString().c_str(),
               NULL,  // No type parameter.
               PrintToString(*param_it).c_str(),
+              code_location_,
               GetTestCaseTypeId(),
               TestCase::SetUpTestCase,
               TestCase::TearDownTestCase,
@@ -10737,12 +11662,45 @@
     const scoped_ptr<TestMetaFactoryBase<ParamType> > test_meta_factory;
   };
   typedef ::std::vector<linked_ptr<TestInfo> > TestInfoContainer;
-  // Keeps pairs of <Instantiation name, Sequence generator creation function>
-  // received from INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P macros.
-  typedef ::std::vector<std::pair<string, GeneratorCreationFunc*> >
-      InstantiationContainer;
+  // Records data received from INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P macros:
+  //  <Instantiation name, Sequence generator creation function,
+  //     Name generator function, Source file, Source line>
+  struct InstantiationInfo {
+      InstantiationInfo(const std::string &name_in,
+                        GeneratorCreationFunc* generator_in,
+                        ParamNameGeneratorFunc* name_func_in,
+                        const char* file_in,
+                        int line_in)
+          : name(name_in),
+            generator(generator_in),
+            name_func(name_func_in),
+            file(file_in),
+            line(line_in) {}
+
+      std::string name;
+      GeneratorCreationFunc* generator;
+      ParamNameGeneratorFunc* name_func;
+      const char* file;
+      int line;
+  };
+  typedef ::std::vector<InstantiationInfo> InstantiationContainer;
+
+  static bool IsValidParamName(const std::string& name) {
+    // Check for empty string
+    if (name.empty())
+      return false;
+
+    // Check for invalid characters
+    for (std::string::size_type index = 0; index < name.size(); ++index) {
+      if (!isalnum(name[index]) && name[index] != '_')
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    return true;
+  }
 
   const string test_case_name_;
+  CodeLocation code_location_;
   TestInfoContainer tests_;
   InstantiationContainer instantiations_;
 
@@ -10770,8 +11728,7 @@
   template <class TestCase>
   ParameterizedTestCaseInfo<TestCase>* GetTestCasePatternHolder(
       const char* test_case_name,
-      const char* file,
-      int line) {
+      CodeLocation code_location) {
     ParameterizedTestCaseInfo<TestCase>* typed_test_info = NULL;
     for (TestCaseInfoContainer::iterator it = test_case_infos_.begin();
          it != test_case_infos_.end(); ++it) {
@@ -10780,7 +11737,7 @@
           // Complain about incorrect usage of Google Test facilities
           // and terminate the program since we cannot guaranty correct
           // test case setup and tear-down in this case.
-          ReportInvalidTestCaseType(test_case_name,  file, line);
+          ReportInvalidTestCaseType(test_case_name, code_location);
           posix::Abort();
         } else {
           // At this point we are sure that the object we found is of the same
@@ -10793,7 +11750,8 @@
       }
     }
     if (typed_test_info == NULL) {
-      typed_test_info = new ParameterizedTestCaseInfo<TestCase>(test_case_name);
+      typed_test_info = new ParameterizedTestCaseInfo<TestCase>(
+          test_case_name, code_location);
       test_case_infos_.push_back(typed_test_info);
     }
     return typed_test_info;
@@ -10861,7 +11819,7 @@
 // and at most 10 arguments in Combine. Please contact
 // googletestframework@googlegroups.com if you need more.
 // Please note that the number of arguments to Combine is limited
-// by the maximum arity of the implementation of tr1::tuple which is
+// by the maximum arity of the implementation of tuple which is
 // currently set at 10.
 
 #ifndef GTEST_INCLUDE_GTEST_INTERNAL_GTEST_PARAM_UTIL_GENERATED_H_
@@ -10898,7 +11856,10 @@
   explicit ValueArray1(T1 v1) : v1_(v1) {}
 
   template <typename T>
-  operator ParamGenerator<T>() const { return ValuesIn(&v1_, &v1_ + 1); }
+  operator ParamGenerator<T>() const {
+    const T array[] = {static_cast<T>(v1_)};
+    return ValuesIn(array);
+  }
 
  private:
   // No implementation - assignment is unsupported.
@@ -13976,9 +14937,9 @@
 //
 template <typename T1, typename T2>
 class CartesianProductGenerator2
-    : public ParamGeneratorInterface< ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2> > {
+    : public ParamGeneratorInterface< ::testing::tuple<T1, T2> > {
  public:
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2> ParamType;
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<T1, T2> ParamType;
 
   CartesianProductGenerator2(const ParamGenerator<T1>& g1,
       const ParamGenerator<T2>& g2)
@@ -14091,9 +15052,9 @@
 
 template <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3>
 class CartesianProductGenerator3
-    : public ParamGeneratorInterface< ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2, T3> > {
+    : public ParamGeneratorInterface< ::testing::tuple<T1, T2, T3> > {
  public:
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2, T3> ParamType;
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<T1, T2, T3> ParamType;
 
   CartesianProductGenerator3(const ParamGenerator<T1>& g1,
       const ParamGenerator<T2>& g2, const ParamGenerator<T3>& g3)
@@ -14223,9 +15184,9 @@
 
 template <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4>
 class CartesianProductGenerator4
-    : public ParamGeneratorInterface< ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4> > {
+    : public ParamGeneratorInterface< ::testing::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4> > {
  public:
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4> ParamType;
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4> ParamType;
 
   CartesianProductGenerator4(const ParamGenerator<T1>& g1,
       const ParamGenerator<T2>& g2, const ParamGenerator<T3>& g3,
@@ -14374,9 +15335,9 @@
 
 template <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5>
 class CartesianProductGenerator5
-    : public ParamGeneratorInterface< ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5> > {
+    : public ParamGeneratorInterface< ::testing::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5> > {
  public:
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5> ParamType;
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5> ParamType;
 
   CartesianProductGenerator5(const ParamGenerator<T1>& g1,
       const ParamGenerator<T2>& g2, const ParamGenerator<T3>& g3,
@@ -14542,10 +15503,10 @@
 template <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5,
     typename T6>
 class CartesianProductGenerator6
-    : public ParamGeneratorInterface< ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5,
+    : public ParamGeneratorInterface< ::testing::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5,
         T6> > {
  public:
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6> ParamType;
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6> ParamType;
 
   CartesianProductGenerator6(const ParamGenerator<T1>& g1,
       const ParamGenerator<T2>& g2, const ParamGenerator<T3>& g3,
@@ -14728,10 +15689,10 @@
 template <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5,
     typename T6, typename T7>
 class CartesianProductGenerator7
-    : public ParamGeneratorInterface< ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6,
+    : public ParamGeneratorInterface< ::testing::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6,
         T7> > {
  public:
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7> ParamType;
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7> ParamType;
 
   CartesianProductGenerator7(const ParamGenerator<T1>& g1,
       const ParamGenerator<T2>& g2, const ParamGenerator<T3>& g3,
@@ -14931,10 +15892,10 @@
 template <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5,
     typename T6, typename T7, typename T8>
 class CartesianProductGenerator8
-    : public ParamGeneratorInterface< ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6,
+    : public ParamGeneratorInterface< ::testing::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6,
         T7, T8> > {
  public:
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8> ParamType;
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8> ParamType;
 
   CartesianProductGenerator8(const ParamGenerator<T1>& g1,
       const ParamGenerator<T2>& g2, const ParamGenerator<T3>& g3,
@@ -15153,10 +16114,10 @@
 template <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5,
     typename T6, typename T7, typename T8, typename T9>
 class CartesianProductGenerator9
-    : public ParamGeneratorInterface< ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6,
+    : public ParamGeneratorInterface< ::testing::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6,
         T7, T8, T9> > {
  public:
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9> ParamType;
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9> ParamType;
 
   CartesianProductGenerator9(const ParamGenerator<T1>& g1,
       const ParamGenerator<T2>& g2, const ParamGenerator<T3>& g3,
@@ -15392,10 +16353,10 @@
 template <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5,
     typename T6, typename T7, typename T8, typename T9, typename T10>
 class CartesianProductGenerator10
-    : public ParamGeneratorInterface< ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6,
+    : public ParamGeneratorInterface< ::testing::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6,
         T7, T8, T9, T10> > {
  public:
-  typedef ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10> ParamType;
+  typedef ::testing::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10> ParamType;
 
   CartesianProductGenerator10(const ParamGenerator<T1>& g1,
       const ParamGenerator<T2>& g2, const ParamGenerator<T3>& g3,
@@ -15657,8 +16618,8 @@
 CartesianProductHolder2(const Generator1& g1, const Generator2& g2)
       : g1_(g1), g2_(g2) {}
   template <typename T1, typename T2>
-  operator ParamGenerator< ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2> >() const {
-    return ParamGenerator< ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2> >(
+  operator ParamGenerator< ::testing::tuple<T1, T2> >() const {
+    return ParamGenerator< ::testing::tuple<T1, T2> >(
         new CartesianProductGenerator2<T1, T2>(
         static_cast<ParamGenerator<T1> >(g1_),
         static_cast<ParamGenerator<T2> >(g2_)));
@@ -15679,8 +16640,8 @@
     const Generator3& g3)
       : g1_(g1), g2_(g2), g3_(g3) {}
   template <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3>
-  operator ParamGenerator< ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2, T3> >() const {
-    return ParamGenerator< ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2, T3> >(
+  operator ParamGenerator< ::testing::tuple<T1, T2, T3> >() const {
+    return ParamGenerator< ::testing::tuple<T1, T2, T3> >(
         new CartesianProductGenerator3<T1, T2, T3>(
         static_cast<ParamGenerator<T1> >(g1_),
         static_cast<ParamGenerator<T2> >(g2_),
@@ -15704,8 +16665,8 @@
     const Generator3& g3, const Generator4& g4)
       : g1_(g1), g2_(g2), g3_(g3), g4_(g4) {}
   template <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4>
-  operator ParamGenerator< ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4> >() const {
-    return ParamGenerator< ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4> >(
+  operator ParamGenerator< ::testing::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4> >() const {
+    return ParamGenerator< ::testing::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4> >(
         new CartesianProductGenerator4<T1, T2, T3, T4>(
         static_cast<ParamGenerator<T1> >(g1_),
         static_cast<ParamGenerator<T2> >(g2_),
@@ -15731,8 +16692,8 @@
     const Generator3& g3, const Generator4& g4, const Generator5& g5)
       : g1_(g1), g2_(g2), g3_(g3), g4_(g4), g5_(g5) {}
   template <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5>
-  operator ParamGenerator< ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5> >() const {
-    return ParamGenerator< ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5> >(
+  operator ParamGenerator< ::testing::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5> >() const {
+    return ParamGenerator< ::testing::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5> >(
         new CartesianProductGenerator5<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5>(
         static_cast<ParamGenerator<T1> >(g1_),
         static_cast<ParamGenerator<T2> >(g2_),
@@ -15762,8 +16723,8 @@
       : g1_(g1), g2_(g2), g3_(g3), g4_(g4), g5_(g5), g6_(g6) {}
   template <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5,
       typename T6>
-  operator ParamGenerator< ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6> >() const {
-    return ParamGenerator< ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6> >(
+  operator ParamGenerator< ::testing::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6> >() const {
+    return ParamGenerator< ::testing::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6> >(
         new CartesianProductGenerator6<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6>(
         static_cast<ParamGenerator<T1> >(g1_),
         static_cast<ParamGenerator<T2> >(g2_),
@@ -15795,9 +16756,9 @@
       : g1_(g1), g2_(g2), g3_(g3), g4_(g4), g5_(g5), g6_(g6), g7_(g7) {}
   template <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5,
       typename T6, typename T7>
-  operator ParamGenerator< ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6,
+  operator ParamGenerator< ::testing::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6,
       T7> >() const {
-    return ParamGenerator< ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7> >(
+    return ParamGenerator< ::testing::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7> >(
         new CartesianProductGenerator7<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7>(
         static_cast<ParamGenerator<T1> >(g1_),
         static_cast<ParamGenerator<T2> >(g2_),
@@ -15833,9 +16794,9 @@
           g8_(g8) {}
   template <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5,
       typename T6, typename T7, typename T8>
-  operator ParamGenerator< ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7,
+  operator ParamGenerator< ::testing::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7,
       T8> >() const {
-    return ParamGenerator< ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8> >(
+    return ParamGenerator< ::testing::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8> >(
         new CartesianProductGenerator8<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8>(
         static_cast<ParamGenerator<T1> >(g1_),
         static_cast<ParamGenerator<T2> >(g2_),
@@ -15874,9 +16835,9 @@
           g9_(g9) {}
   template <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5,
       typename T6, typename T7, typename T8, typename T9>
-  operator ParamGenerator< ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8,
+  operator ParamGenerator< ::testing::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8,
       T9> >() const {
-    return ParamGenerator< ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8,
+    return ParamGenerator< ::testing::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8,
         T9> >(
         new CartesianProductGenerator9<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9>(
         static_cast<ParamGenerator<T1> >(g1_),
@@ -15918,10 +16879,10 @@
           g9_(g9), g10_(g10) {}
   template <typename T1, typename T2, typename T3, typename T4, typename T5,
       typename T6, typename T7, typename T8, typename T9, typename T10>
-  operator ParamGenerator< ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8,
-      T9, T10> >() const {
-    return ParamGenerator< ::std::tr1::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8,
-        T9, T10> >(
+  operator ParamGenerator< ::testing::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9,
+      T10> >() const {
+    return ParamGenerator< ::testing::tuple<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9,
+        T10> >(
         new CartesianProductGenerator10<T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9,
             T10>(
         static_cast<ParamGenerator<T1> >(g1_),
@@ -17156,14 +18117,17 @@
     static int AddToRegistry() { \
       ::testing::UnitTest::GetInstance()->parameterized_test_registry(). \
           GetTestCasePatternHolder<test_case_name>(\
-              #test_case_name, __FILE__, __LINE__)->AddTestPattern(\
-                  #test_case_name, \
-                  #test_name, \
-                  new ::testing::internal::TestMetaFactory< \
-                      GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_case_name, test_name)>()); \
+              #test_case_name, \
+              ::testing::internal::CodeLocation(\
+                  __FILE__, __LINE__))->AddTestPattern(\
+                      #test_case_name, \
+                      #test_name, \
+                      new ::testing::internal::TestMetaFactory< \
+                          GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(\
+                              test_case_name, test_name)>()); \
       return 0; \
     } \
-    static int gtest_registering_dummy_; \
+    static int gtest_registering_dummy_ GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_; \
     GTEST_DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN_(\
         GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_case_name, test_name)); \
   }; \
@@ -17172,16 +18136,36 @@
       GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_case_name, test_name)::AddToRegistry(); \
   void GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(test_case_name, test_name)::TestBody()
 
-# define INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(prefix, test_case_name, generator) \
+// The optional last argument to INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P allows the user
+// to specify a function or functor that generates custom test name suffixes
+// based on the test parameters. The function should accept one argument of
+// type testing::TestParamInfo<class ParamType>, and return std::string.
+//
+// testing::PrintToStringParamName is a builtin test suffix generator that
+// returns the value of testing::PrintToString(GetParam()). It does not work
+// for std::string or C strings.
+//
+// Note: test names must be non-empty, unique, and may only contain ASCII
+// alphanumeric characters or underscore.
+
+# define INSTANTIATE_TEST_CASE_P(prefix, test_case_name, generator, ...) \
   ::testing::internal::ParamGenerator<test_case_name::ParamType> \
       gtest_##prefix##test_case_name##_EvalGenerator_() { return generator; } \
-  int gtest_##prefix##test_case_name##_dummy_ = \
+  ::std::string gtest_##prefix##test_case_name##_EvalGenerateName_( \
+      const ::testing::TestParamInfo<test_case_name::ParamType>& info) { \
+    return ::testing::internal::GetParamNameGen<test_case_name::ParamType> \
+        (__VA_ARGS__)(info); \
+  } \
+  int gtest_##prefix##test_case_name##_dummy_ GTEST_ATTRIBUTE_UNUSED_ = \
       ::testing::UnitTest::GetInstance()->parameterized_test_registry(). \
           GetTestCasePatternHolder<test_case_name>(\
-              #test_case_name, __FILE__, __LINE__)->AddTestCaseInstantiation(\
-                  #prefix, \
-                  &gtest_##prefix##test_case_name##_EvalGenerator_, \
-                  __FILE__, __LINE__)
+              #test_case_name, \
+              ::testing::internal::CodeLocation(\
+                  __FILE__, __LINE__))->AddTestCaseInstantiation(\
+                      #prefix, \
+                      &gtest_##prefix##test_case_name##_EvalGenerator_, \
+                      &gtest_##prefix##test_case_name##_EvalGenerateName_, \
+                      __FILE__, __LINE__)
 
 }  // namespace testing
 
@@ -17604,7 +18588,8 @@
           ::testing::internal::TemplateSel< \
               GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(CaseName, TestName)>, \
           GTEST_TYPE_PARAMS_(CaseName)>::Register(\
-              "", #CaseName, #TestName, 0); \
+              "", ::testing::internal::CodeLocation(__FILE__, __LINE__), \
+              #CaseName, #TestName, 0); \
   template <typename gtest_TypeParam_> \
   void GTEST_TEST_CLASS_NAME_(CaseName, TestName)<gtest_TypeParam_>::TestBody()
 
@@ -17675,7 +18660,10 @@
       ::testing::internal::TypeParameterizedTestCase<CaseName, \
           GTEST_CASE_NAMESPACE_(CaseName)::gtest_AllTests_, \
           ::testing::internal::TypeList< Types >::type>::Register(\
-              #Prefix, #CaseName, GTEST_REGISTERED_TEST_NAMES_(CaseName))
+              #Prefix, \
+              ::testing::internal::CodeLocation(__FILE__, __LINE__), \
+              &GTEST_TYPED_TEST_CASE_P_STATE_(CaseName), \
+              #CaseName, GTEST_REGISTERED_TEST_NAMES_(CaseName))
 
 #endif  // GTEST_HAS_TYPED_TEST_P
 
@@ -17686,14 +18674,14 @@
 // class ::string, which has the same interface as ::std::string, but
 // has a different implementation.
 //
-// The user can define GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING to 1 to indicate that
+// You can define GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING to 1 to indicate that
 // ::string is available AND is a distinct type to ::std::string, or
 // define it to 0 to indicate otherwise.
 //
-// If the user's ::std::string and ::string are the same class due to
-// aliasing, he should define GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING to 0.
+// If ::std::string and ::string are the same class on your platform
+// due to aliasing, you should define GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING to 0.
 //
-// If the user doesn't define GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING, it is defined
+// If you do not define GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING, it is defined
 // heuristically.
 
 namespace testing {
@@ -17874,8 +18862,31 @@
   // Copy constructor.
   // Used in EXPECT_TRUE/FALSE(assertion_result).
   AssertionResult(const AssertionResult& other);
+
+  GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4800 /* forcing value to bool */)
+
   // Used in the EXPECT_TRUE/FALSE(bool_expression).
-  explicit AssertionResult(bool success) : success_(success) {}
+  //
+  // T must be contextually convertible to bool.
+  //
+  // The second parameter prevents this overload from being considered if
+  // the argument is implicitly convertible to AssertionResult. In that case
+  // we want AssertionResult's copy constructor to be used.
+  template <typename T>
+  explicit AssertionResult(
+      const T& success,
+      typename internal::EnableIf<
+          !internal::ImplicitlyConvertible<T, AssertionResult>::value>::type*
+          /*enabler*/ = NULL)
+      : success_(success) {}
+
+  GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()
+
+  // Assignment operator.
+  AssertionResult& operator=(AssertionResult other) {
+    swap(other);
+    return *this;
+  }
 
   // Returns true iff the assertion succeeded.
   operator bool() const { return success_; }  // NOLINT
@@ -17916,6 +18927,9 @@
     message_->append(a_message.GetString().c_str());
   }
 
+  // Swap the contents of this AssertionResult with other.
+  void swap(AssertionResult& other);
+
   // Stores result of the assertion predicate.
   bool success_;
   // Stores the message describing the condition in case the expectation
@@ -17923,8 +18937,6 @@
   // Referenced via a pointer to avoid taking too much stack frame space
   // with test assertions.
   internal::scoped_ptr< ::std::string> message_;
-
-  GTEST_DISALLOW_ASSIGN_(AssertionResult);
 };
 
 // Makes a successful assertion result.
@@ -17951,8 +18963,8 @@
 //
 //   class FooTest : public testing::Test {
 //    protected:
-//     virtual void SetUp() { ... }
-//     virtual void TearDown() { ... }
+//     void SetUp() override { ... }
+//     void TearDown() override { ... }
 //     ...
 //   };
 //
@@ -18044,20 +19056,19 @@
   // internal method to avoid clashing with names used in user TESTs.
   void DeleteSelf_() { delete this; }
 
-  // Uses a GTestFlagSaver to save and restore all Google Test flags.
-  const internal::GTestFlagSaver* const gtest_flag_saver_;
+  const internal::scoped_ptr< GTEST_FLAG_SAVER_ > gtest_flag_saver_;
 
-  // Often a user mis-spells SetUp() as Setup() and spends a long time
+  // Often a user misspells SetUp() as Setup() and spends a long time
   // wondering why it is never called by Google Test.  The declaration of
   // the following method is solely for catching such an error at
   // compile time:
   //
   //   - The return type is deliberately chosen to be not void, so it
-  //   will be a conflict if a user declares void Setup() in his test
-  //   fixture.
+  //   will be a conflict if void Setup() is declared in the user's
+  //   test fixture.
   //
   //   - This method is private, so it will be another compiler error
-  //   if a user calls it from his test fixture.
+  //   if the method is called from the user's test fixture.
   //
   // DO NOT OVERRIDE THIS FUNCTION.
   //
@@ -18262,6 +19273,12 @@
     return NULL;
   }
 
+  // Returns the file name where this test is defined.
+  const char* file() const { return location_.file.c_str(); }
+
+  // Returns the line where this test is defined.
+  int line() const { return location_.line; }
+
   // Returns true if this test should run, that is if the test is not
   // disabled (or it is disabled but the also_run_disabled_tests flag has
   // been specified) and its full name matches the user-specified filter.
@@ -18304,6 +19321,7 @@
       const char* name,
       const char* type_param,
       const char* value_param,
+      internal::CodeLocation code_location,
       internal::TypeId fixture_class_id,
       Test::SetUpTestCaseFunc set_up_tc,
       Test::TearDownTestCaseFunc tear_down_tc,
@@ -18315,6 +19333,7 @@
            const std::string& name,
            const char* a_type_param,   // NULL if not a type-parameterized test
            const char* a_value_param,  // NULL if not a value-parameterized test
+           internal::CodeLocation a_code_location,
            internal::TypeId fixture_class_id,
            internal::TestFactoryBase* factory);
 
@@ -18341,6 +19360,7 @@
   // Text representation of the value parameter, or NULL if this is not a
   // value-parameterized test.
   const internal::scoped_ptr<const ::std::string> value_param_;
+  internal::CodeLocation location_;
   const internal::TypeId fixture_class_id_;   // ID of the test fixture class
   bool should_run_;                 // True iff this test should run
   bool is_disabled_;                // True iff this test is disabled
@@ -18540,7 +19560,7 @@
 };
 
 // An Environment object is capable of setting up and tearing down an
-// environment.  The user should subclass this to define his own
+// environment.  You should subclass this to define your own
 // environment(s).
 //
 // An Environment object does the set-up and tear-down in virtual
@@ -18952,101 +19972,18 @@
 
 namespace internal {
 
-// FormatForComparison<ToPrint, OtherOperand>::Format(value) formats a
-// value of type ToPrint that is an operand of a comparison assertion
-// (e.g. ASSERT_EQ).  OtherOperand is the type of the other operand in
-// the comparison, and is used to help determine the best way to
-// format the value.  In particular, when the value is a C string
-// (char pointer) and the other operand is an STL string object, we
-// want to format the C string as a string, since we know it is
-// compared by value with the string object.  If the value is a char
-// pointer but the other operand is not an STL string object, we don't
-// know whether the pointer is supposed to point to a NUL-terminated
-// string, and thus want to print it as a pointer to be safe.
-//
-// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
-
-// The default case.
-template <typename ToPrint, typename OtherOperand>
-class FormatForComparison {
- public:
-  static ::std::string Format(const ToPrint& value) {
-    return ::testing::PrintToString(value);
-  }
-};
-
-// Array.
-template <typename ToPrint, size_t N, typename OtherOperand>
-class FormatForComparison<ToPrint[N], OtherOperand> {
- public:
-  static ::std::string Format(const ToPrint* value) {
-    return FormatForComparison<const ToPrint*, OtherOperand>::Format(value);
-  }
-};
-
-// By default, print C string as pointers to be safe, as we don't know
-// whether they actually point to a NUL-terminated string.
-
-#define GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_POINTER_(CharType)                \
-  template <typename OtherOperand>                                      \
-  class FormatForComparison<CharType*, OtherOperand> {                  \
-   public:                                                              \
-    static ::std::string Format(CharType* value) {                      \
-      return ::testing::PrintToString(static_cast<const void*>(value)); \
-    }                                                                   \
-  }
-
-GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_POINTER_(char);
-GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_POINTER_(const char);
-GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_POINTER_(wchar_t);
-GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_POINTER_(const wchar_t);
-
-#undef GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_POINTER_
-
-// If a C string is compared with an STL string object, we know it's meant
-// to point to a NUL-terminated string, and thus can print it as a string.
-
-#define GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_STRING_(CharType, OtherStringType) \
-  template <>                                                           \
-  class FormatForComparison<CharType*, OtherStringType> {               \
-   public:                                                              \
-    static ::std::string Format(CharType* value) {                      \
-      return ::testing::PrintToString(value);                           \
-    }                                                                   \
-  }
-
-GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_STRING_(char, ::std::string);
-GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_STRING_(const char, ::std::string);
-
-#if GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_STRING
-GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_STRING_(char, ::string);
-GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_STRING_(const char, ::string);
-#endif
-
-#if GTEST_HAS_GLOBAL_WSTRING
-GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_STRING_(wchar_t, ::wstring);
-GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_STRING_(const wchar_t, ::wstring);
-#endif
-
-#if GTEST_HAS_STD_WSTRING
-GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_STRING_(wchar_t, ::std::wstring);
-GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_STRING_(const wchar_t, ::std::wstring);
-#endif
-
-#undef GTEST_IMPL_FORMAT_C_STRING_AS_STRING_
-
-// Formats a comparison assertion (e.g. ASSERT_EQ, EXPECT_LT, and etc)
-// operand to be used in a failure message.  The type (but not value)
-// of the other operand may affect the format.  This allows us to
-// print a char* as a raw pointer when it is compared against another
-// char* or void*, and print it as a C string when it is compared
-// against an std::string object, for example.
-//
-// INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
+// Separate the error generating code from the code path to reduce the stack
+// frame size of CmpHelperEQ. This helps reduce the overhead of some sanitizers
+// when calling EXPECT_* in a tight loop.
 template <typename T1, typename T2>
-std::string FormatForComparisonFailureMessage(
-    const T1& value, const T2& /* other_operand */) {
-  return FormatForComparison<T1, T2>::Format(value);
+AssertionResult CmpHelperEQFailure(const char* expected_expression,
+                                   const char* actual_expression,
+                                   const T1& expected, const T2& actual) {
+  return EqFailure(expected_expression,
+                   actual_expression,
+                   FormatForComparisonFailureMessage(expected, actual),
+                   FormatForComparisonFailureMessage(actual, expected),
+                   false);
 }
 
 // The helper function for {ASSERT|EXPECT}_EQ.
@@ -19055,25 +19992,14 @@
                             const char* actual_expression,
                             const T1& expected,
                             const T2& actual) {
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-# pragma warning(push)          // Saves the current warning state.
-# pragma warning(disable:4389)  // Temporarily disables warning on
-                                // signed/unsigned mismatch.
-#endif
-
+GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4389 /* signed/unsigned mismatch */)
   if (expected == actual) {
     return AssertionSuccess();
   }
+GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()
 
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-# pragma warning(pop)          // Restores the warning state.
-#endif
-
-  return EqFailure(expected_expression,
-                   actual_expression,
-                   FormatForComparisonFailureMessage(expected, actual),
-                   FormatForComparisonFailureMessage(actual, expected),
-                   false);
+  return CmpHelperEQFailure(expected_expression, actual_expression, expected,
+                            actual);
 }
 
 // With this overloaded version, we allow anonymous enums to be used
@@ -19161,6 +20087,19 @@
   }
 };
 
+// Separate the error generating code from the code path to reduce the stack
+// frame size of CmpHelperOP. This helps reduce the overhead of some sanitizers
+// when calling EXPECT_OP in a tight loop.
+template <typename T1, typename T2>
+AssertionResult CmpHelperOpFailure(const char* expr1, const char* expr2,
+                                   const T1& val1, const T2& val2,
+                                   const char* op) {
+  return AssertionFailure()
+         << "Expected: (" << expr1 << ") " << op << " (" << expr2
+         << "), actual: " << FormatForComparisonFailureMessage(val1, val2)
+         << " vs " << FormatForComparisonFailureMessage(val2, val1);
+}
+
 // A macro for implementing the helper functions needed to implement
 // ASSERT_?? and EXPECT_??.  It is here just to avoid copy-and-paste
 // of similar code.
@@ -19171,6 +20110,7 @@
 // with gcc 4.
 //
 // INTERNAL IMPLEMENTATION - DO NOT USE IN A USER PROGRAM.
+
 #define GTEST_IMPL_CMP_HELPER_(op_name, op)\
 template <typename T1, typename T2>\
 AssertionResult CmpHelper##op_name(const char* expr1, const char* expr2, \
@@ -19178,10 +20118,7 @@
   if (val1 op val2) {\
     return AssertionSuccess();\
   } else {\
-    return AssertionFailure() \
-        << "Expected: (" << expr1 << ") " #op " (" << expr2\
-        << "), actual: " << FormatForComparisonFailureMessage(val1, val2)\
-        << " vs " << FormatForComparisonFailureMessage(val2, val1);\
+    return CmpHelperOpFailure(expr1, expr2, val1, val2, #op);\
   }\
 }\
 GTEST_API_ AssertionResult CmpHelper##op_name(\
@@ -20188,8 +21125,8 @@
 // The convention is to end the test case name with "Test".  For
 // example, a test case for the Foo class can be named FooTest.
 //
-// The user should put his test code between braces after using this
-// macro.  Example:
+// Test code should appear between braces after an invocation of
+// this macro.  Example:
 //
 //   TEST(FooTest, InitializesCorrectly) {
 //     Foo foo;