// Ceres Solver - A fast non-linear least squares minimizer
// Copyright 2015 Google Inc. All rights reserved.
// http://ceres-solver.org/
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// Author: sameeragarwal@google.com (Sameer Agarwal)

#ifndef CERES_INTERNAL_PRECONDITIONER_H_
#define CERES_INTERNAL_PRECONDITIONER_H_

#include <vector>
#include "ceres/casts.h"
#include "ceres/compressed_row_sparse_matrix.h"
#include "ceres/context_impl.h"
#include "ceres/linear_operator.h"
#include "ceres/sparse_matrix.h"
#include "ceres/types.h"

namespace ceres {
namespace internal {

class BlockSparseMatrix;
class SparseMatrix;

class Preconditioner : public LinearOperator {
 public:
  struct Options {
    Options()
        : type(JACOBI),
          visibility_clustering_type(CANONICAL_VIEWS),
          sparse_linear_algebra_library_type(SUITE_SPARSE),
          subset_preconditioner_start_row_block(-1),
          use_postordering(false),
          num_threads(1),
          row_block_size(Eigen::Dynamic),
          e_block_size(Eigen::Dynamic),
          f_block_size(Eigen::Dynamic),
          context(NULL) {
    }

    PreconditionerType type;
    VisibilityClusteringType visibility_clustering_type;
    SparseLinearAlgebraLibraryType sparse_linear_algebra_library_type;

    // When using the subset preconditioner, all row blocks starting
    // from this row block are used to construct the preconditioner.
    //
    // i.e., the Jacobian matrix A is horizonatally partitioned as
    //
    // A = [P]
    //     [Q]
    //
    // where P has subset_preconditioner_start_row_block row blocks,
    // and the preconditioner is the inverse of the matrix Q'Q.
    int subset_preconditioner_start_row_block;

    // See solver.h for information about these flags.
    bool use_postordering;

    // If possible, how many threads the preconditioner can use.
    int num_threads;

    // Hints about the order in which the parameter blocks should be
    // eliminated by the linear solver.
    //
    // For example if elimination_groups is a vector of size k, then
    // the linear solver is informed that it should eliminate the
    // parameter blocks 0 ... elimination_groups[0] - 1 first, and
    // then elimination_groups[0] ... elimination_groups[1] - 1 and so
    // on. Within each elimination group, the linear solver is free to
    // choose how the parameter blocks are ordered. Different linear
    // solvers have differing requirements on elimination_groups.
    //
    // The most common use is for Schur type solvers, where there
    // should be at least two elimination groups and the first
    // elimination group must form an independent set in the normal
    // equations. The first elimination group corresponds to the
    // num_eliminate_blocks in the Schur type solvers.
    std::vector<int> elimination_groups;

    // If the block sizes in a BlockSparseMatrix are fixed, then in
    // some cases the Schur complement based solvers can detect and
    // specialize on them.
    //
    // It is expected that these parameters are set programmatically
    // rather than manually.
    //
    // Please see schur_complement_solver.h and schur_eliminator.h for
    // more details.
    int row_block_size;
    int e_block_size;
    int f_block_size;

    ContextImpl* context;
  };

  // If the optimization problem is such that there are no remaining
  // e-blocks, ITERATIVE_SCHUR with a Schur type preconditioner cannot
  // be used. This function returns JACOBI if a preconditioner for
  // ITERATIVE_SCHUR is used. The input preconditioner_type is
  // returned otherwise.
  static PreconditionerType PreconditionerForZeroEBlocks(
      PreconditionerType preconditioner_type);

  virtual ~Preconditioner();

  // Update the numerical value of the preconditioner for the linear
  // system:
  //
  //  |   A   | x = |b|
  //  |diag(D)|     |0|
  //
  // for some vector b. It is important that the matrix A have the
  // same block structure as the one used to construct this object.
  //
  // D can be NULL, in which case its interpreted as a diagonal matrix
  // of size zero.
  virtual bool Update(const LinearOperator& A, const double* D) = 0;

  // LinearOperator interface. Since the operator is symmetric,
  // LeftMultiply and num_cols are just calls to RightMultiply and
  // num_rows respectively. Update() must be called before
  // RightMultiply can be called.
  virtual void RightMultiply(const double* x, double* y) const = 0;
  virtual void LeftMultiply(const double* x, double* y) const {
    return RightMultiply(x, y);
  }

  virtual int num_rows() const = 0;
  virtual int num_cols() const {
    return num_rows();
  }
};

// This templated subclass of Preconditioner serves as a base class for
// other preconditioners that depend on the particular matrix layout of
// the underlying linear operator.
template <typename MatrixType>
class TypedPreconditioner : public Preconditioner {
 public:
  virtual ~TypedPreconditioner() {}
  virtual bool Update(const LinearOperator& A, const double* D) {
    return UpdateImpl(*down_cast<const MatrixType*>(&A), D);
  }

 private:
  virtual bool UpdateImpl(const MatrixType& A, const double* D) = 0;
};

// Preconditioners that depend on acccess to the low level structure
// of a SparseMatrix.
typedef TypedPreconditioner<SparseMatrix>              SparseMatrixPreconditioner;               // NOLINT
typedef TypedPreconditioner<BlockSparseMatrix>         BlockSparseMatrixPreconditioner;          // NOLINT
typedef TypedPreconditioner<CompressedRowSparseMatrix> CompressedRowSparseMatrixPreconditioner;  // NOLINT

// Wrap a SparseMatrix object as a preconditioner.
class SparseMatrixPreconditionerWrapper : public SparseMatrixPreconditioner {
 public:
  // Wrapper does NOT take ownership of the matrix pointer.
  explicit SparseMatrixPreconditionerWrapper(const SparseMatrix* matrix);
  virtual ~SparseMatrixPreconditionerWrapper();

  // Preconditioner interface
  virtual void RightMultiply(const double* x, double* y) const;
  virtual int num_rows() const;

 private:
  virtual bool UpdateImpl(const SparseMatrix& A, const double* D);
  const SparseMatrix* matrix_;
};

}  // namespace internal
}  // namespace ceres

#endif  // CERES_INTERNAL_PRECONDITIONER_H_