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// Ceres Solver - A fast non-linear least squares minimizer
// Copyright 2022 Google Inc. All rights reserved.
// http://ceres-solver.org/
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
//
// * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
// this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
// * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
// this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
// and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
// * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its contributors may be
// used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
// specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
// AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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// LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
// CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
// SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
// INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
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// ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
// POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
//
// Author: joydeepb@cs.utexas.edu (Joydeep Biswas)
#include "ceres/cuda_sparse_matrix.h"
#include <string>
#include "ceres/block_sparse_matrix.h"
#include "ceres/casts.h"
#include "ceres/cuda_vector.h"
#include "ceres/internal/config.h"
#include "ceres/internal/eigen.h"
#include "ceres/linear_least_squares_problems.h"
#include "ceres/triplet_sparse_matrix.h"
#include "glog/logging.h"
#include "gtest/gtest.h"
namespace ceres {
namespace internal {
#ifndef CERES_NO_CUDA
class CudaSparseMatrixTest : public ::testing::Test {
protected:
void SetUp() final {
std::string message;
CHECK(context_.InitCuda(&message))
<< "InitCuda() failed because: " << message;
std::unique_ptr<LinearLeastSquaresProblem> problem =
CreateLinearLeastSquaresProblemFromId(2);
CHECK(problem != nullptr);
A_.reset(down_cast<BlockSparseMatrix*>(problem->A.release()));
CHECK(A_ != nullptr);
CHECK(problem->b != nullptr);
CHECK(problem->x != nullptr);
b_.resize(A_->num_rows());
for (int i = 0; i < A_->num_rows(); ++i) {
b_[i] = problem->b[i];
}
x_.resize(A_->num_cols());
for (int i = 0; i < A_->num_cols(); ++i) {
x_[i] = problem->x[i];
}
CHECK_EQ(A_->num_rows(), b_.rows());
CHECK_EQ(A_->num_cols(), x_.rows());
}
std::unique_ptr<BlockSparseMatrix> A_;
Vector x_;
Vector b_;
ContextImpl context_;
};
TEST_F(CudaSparseMatrixTest, RightMultiplyAndAccumulate) {
std::string message;
CompressedRowSparseMatrix A_crs(
A_->num_rows(), A_->num_cols(), A_->num_nonzeros());
A_->ToCompressedRowSparseMatrix(&A_crs);
CudaSparseMatrix A_gpu(&context_, A_crs);
CudaVector x_gpu(&context_, A_gpu.num_cols());
CudaVector res_gpu(&context_, A_gpu.num_rows());
x_gpu.CopyFromCpu(x_);
const Vector minus_b = -b_;
// res = -b
res_gpu.CopyFromCpu(minus_b);
// res += A * x
A_gpu.RightMultiplyAndAccumulate(x_gpu, &res_gpu);
Vector res;
res_gpu.CopyTo(&res);
Vector res_expected = minus_b;
A_->RightMultiplyAndAccumulate(x_.data(), res_expected.data());
EXPECT_LE((res - res_expected).norm(),
std::numeric_limits<double>::epsilon() * 1e3);
}
TEST(CudaSparseMatrix, CopyValuesFromCpu) {
// A1:
// [ 1 1 0 0
// 0 1 1 0]
// A2:
// [ 1 2 0 0
// 0 3 4 0]
// b: [1 2 3 4]'
// A1 * b = [3 5]'
// A2 * b = [5 18]'
TripletSparseMatrix A1(2, 4, {0, 0, 1, 1}, {0, 1, 1, 2}, {1, 1, 1, 1});
TripletSparseMatrix A2(2, 4, {0, 0, 1, 1}, {0, 1, 1, 2}, {1, 2, 3, 4});
Vector b(4);
b << 1, 2, 3, 4;
ContextImpl context;
std::string message;
CHECK(context.InitCuda(&message)) << "InitCuda() failed because: " << message;
auto A1_crs = CompressedRowSparseMatrix::FromTripletSparseMatrix(A1);
CudaSparseMatrix A_gpu(&context, *A1_crs);
CudaVector b_gpu(&context, A1.num_cols());
CudaVector x_gpu(&context, A1.num_rows());
b_gpu.CopyFromCpu(b);
x_gpu.SetZero();
Vector x_expected(2);
x_expected << 3, 5;
A_gpu.RightMultiplyAndAccumulate(b_gpu, &x_gpu);
Vector x_computed;
x_gpu.CopyTo(&x_computed);
EXPECT_EQ(x_computed, x_expected);
auto A2_crs = CompressedRowSparseMatrix::FromTripletSparseMatrix(A2);
A_gpu.CopyValuesFromCpu(*A2_crs);
x_gpu.SetZero();
x_expected << 5, 18;
A_gpu.RightMultiplyAndAccumulate(b_gpu, &x_gpu);
x_gpu.CopyTo(&x_computed);
EXPECT_EQ(x_computed, x_expected);
}
TEST(CudaSparseMatrix, RightMultiplyAndAccumulate) {
// A:
// [ 1 2 0 0
// 0 3 4 0]
// b: [1 2 3 4]'
// A * b = [5 18]'
TripletSparseMatrix A(2, 4, {0, 0, 1, 1}, {0, 1, 1, 2}, {1, 2, 3, 4});
Vector b(4);
b << 1, 2, 3, 4;
Vector x_expected(2);
x_expected << 5, 18;
ContextImpl context;
std::string message;
CHECK(context.InitCuda(&message)) << "InitCuda() failed because: " << message;
auto A_crs = CompressedRowSparseMatrix::FromTripletSparseMatrix(A);
CudaSparseMatrix A_gpu(&context, *A_crs);
CudaVector b_gpu(&context, A.num_cols());
CudaVector x_gpu(&context, A.num_rows());
b_gpu.CopyFromCpu(b);
x_gpu.SetZero();
A_gpu.RightMultiplyAndAccumulate(b_gpu, &x_gpu);
Vector x_computed;
x_gpu.CopyTo(&x_computed);
EXPECT_EQ(x_computed, x_expected);
}
TEST(CudaSparseMatrix, LeftMultiplyAndAccumulate) {
// A:
// [ 1 2 0 0
// 0 3 4 0]
// b: [1 2]'
// A'* b = [1 8 8 0]'
TripletSparseMatrix A(2, 4, {0, 0, 1, 1}, {0, 1, 1, 2}, {1, 2, 3, 4});
Vector b(2);
b << 1, 2;
Vector x_expected(4);
x_expected << 1, 8, 8, 0;
ContextImpl context;
std::string message;
CHECK(context.InitCuda(&message)) << "InitCuda() failed because: " << message;
auto A_crs = CompressedRowSparseMatrix::FromTripletSparseMatrix(A);
CudaSparseMatrix A_gpu(&context, *A_crs);
CudaVector b_gpu(&context, A.num_rows());
CudaVector x_gpu(&context, A.num_cols());
b_gpu.CopyFromCpu(b);
x_gpu.SetZero();
A_gpu.LeftMultiplyAndAccumulate(b_gpu, &x_gpu);
Vector x_computed;
x_gpu.CopyTo(&x_computed);
EXPECT_EQ(x_computed, x_expected);
}
// If there are numerical errors due to synchronization issues, they will show
// up when testing with large matrices, since each operation will take
// significant time, thus hopefully revealing any potential synchronization
// issues.
TEST(CudaSparseMatrix, LargeMultiplyAndAccumulate) {
// Create a large NxN matrix A that has the following structure:
// In row i, only columns i and i+1 are non-zero.
// A_{i, i} = A_{i, i+1} = 1.
// There will be 2 * N - 1 non-zero elements in A.
// X = [1:N]
// Right multiply test:
// b = A * X
// Left multiply test:
// b = A' * X
const int N = 10 * 1000 * 1000;
const int num_non_zeros = 2 * N - 1;
std::vector<int> row_indices(num_non_zeros);
std::vector<int> col_indices(num_non_zeros);
std::vector<double> values(num_non_zeros);
for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
row_indices[2 * i] = i;
col_indices[2 * i] = i;
values[2 * i] = 1.0;
if (i + 1 < N) {
col_indices[2 * i + 1] = i + 1;
row_indices[2 * i + 1] = i;
values[2 * i + 1] = 1;
}
}
TripletSparseMatrix A(N, N, row_indices, col_indices, values);
Vector x(N);
for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
x[i] = i + 1;
}
ContextImpl context;
std::string message;
CHECK(context.InitCuda(&message)) << "InitCuda() failed because: " << message;
auto A_crs = CompressedRowSparseMatrix::FromTripletSparseMatrix(A);
CudaSparseMatrix A_gpu(&context, *A_crs);
CudaVector b_gpu(&context, N);
CudaVector x_gpu(&context, N);
x_gpu.CopyFromCpu(x);
// First check RightMultiply.
{
b_gpu.SetZero();
A_gpu.RightMultiplyAndAccumulate(x_gpu, &b_gpu);
Vector b_computed;
b_gpu.CopyTo(&b_computed);
for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
if (i + 1 < N) {
EXPECT_EQ(b_computed[i], 2 * (i + 1) + 1);
} else {
EXPECT_EQ(b_computed[i], i + 1);
}
}
}
// Next check LeftMultiply.
{
b_gpu.SetZero();
A_gpu.LeftMultiplyAndAccumulate(x_gpu, &b_gpu);
Vector b_computed;
b_gpu.CopyTo(&b_computed);
for (int i = 0; i < N; ++i) {
if (i > 0) {
EXPECT_EQ(b_computed[i], 2 * (i + 1) - 1);
} else {
EXPECT_EQ(b_computed[i], i + 1);
}
}
}
}
#endif // CERES_NO_CUDA
} // namespace internal
} // namespace ceres